Who does Egypt rely on?

1. China$16.3 billion · 16.6%
2. Saudi Arabia$8.2 billion · 8.3%
3. United States$7.5 billion · 7.6%
4. Russia$6 billion · 6.1%
5. Brazil$4.1 billion · 4.2%
6. Germany$4.1 billion · 4.1%
7. Turkey$4.1 billion · 4.1%
8. India$3.3 billion · 3.4%
9. Italy$3.1 billion · 3.2%
10. Israel$2.9 billion · 3%

Of the 900 products Egypt buys for more than $1 million in 2024, these are the highest-value ones with a dominant supplier.

and 355 more

A product has a dominant supplier when a single country sells more than 50% of what is bought of it; we flag it separately above 75%.

Some of these goods may have been produced in another country: countries record origin in different ways.

Largest customer: Saudi Arabia

14.3%

Concentration (HHI)

463

Concentration index (HHI): 463 out of 10,000; equivalent to splitting sales among 22 customers of the same size

223 of the 606 products Egypt sells for more than $1 million have a customer buying more than 50% of what Egypt sells of that product; in 74, more than 75%. In those products, sales to each one’s dominant customer add up to 21.8% of what Egypt sells.

and 208 more

The closest countries in the concentration ranking (HHI, highest first).

• Trade profile of Egypt
• Trade between Egypt and Belgium
• Trade between Egypt and Brazil
• Trade between Egypt and Bulgaria
• Trade between Egypt and China
• Trade between Egypt and France
• Trade between Egypt and Germany
• Trade between Egypt and Greece
• Trade between Egypt and India
• Trade between Egypt and Indonesia
• Trade between Egypt and Israel
• Trade between Egypt and Italy
• Trade between Egypt and Kuwait
• Trade between Egypt and Libya
• Trade between Egypt and Morocco
• Trade between Egypt and the Netherlands
• Trade between Egypt and Romania
• Trade between Egypt and Russia
• Trade between Egypt and Saudi Arabia
• Trade between Egypt and South Korea
• Trade between Egypt and Spain
• Trade between Egypt and Sweden
• Trade between Egypt and Switzerland
• Trade between Egypt and Turkey
• Trade between Egypt and Ukraine
• Trade between Egypt and the United Arab Emirates
• Trade between Egypt and the United Kingdom
• Trade between Egypt and the United States
• Dependence of Egypt on China
• Dependence of Egypt on Russia
• Dependence of Egypt on Brazil
• Dependence of Egypt on the United States
• Dependence of Egypt on Saudi Arabia
• Dependence of Egypt on the United Arab Emirates
• Dependence of Egypt on India
• Dependence of Egypt on Indonesia
• Dependence of Egypt on the Democratic Republic of the Congo
• All countries

Sources and licenses

• CEPII BACI · Licence Ouverte Etalab 2.0
• Natural Earth · Public domain

Methodology

The data come from CEPII BACI (Etalab 2.0 licence), which reconciles what the exporting and the importing country report, in current USD, FOB. Data up to 2024.

Dependence is the share of a country’s imports (or exports) that each partner accounts for. It does not measure whether a product has a substitute or how much it would cost to change supplier.

The concentration index (HHI) adds up the square of each partner’s share, in percent: it runs from 0 to 10,000. Its equivalent is 10,000 ÷ HHI, the number of partners of the same size that would give that value.

Products are HS4 headings of the 1992 nomenclature (some combine different goods), with a floor of $1 million per product and country.

The EU is the 27 current members in every year; the United Kingdom is outside the EU throughout the series.

Re-exports: countries that act as redistribution hubs carry their notice and the figures are not corrected.