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Gold: top exporters and importers (2024)

In 2024, world trade in gold totaled $554 billion (10 thousand tonnes). The top exporters were Switzerland (19%), the United Arab Emirates (11%) and Hong Kong (6%); the top importers were Switzerland (20%), China (13%) and Hong Kong (12%). Compared with 2019, the value rose 61%.

Summary

World trade
$554billion
Tonnes
10thousand tonnes
Price per tonne
$57,412,662
The largest flows between countries. Width: value; color: estimated transport mode.SeaAirLand

Top exporters

  1. Switzerland$106.2 billion · 19.2%
    see destinations
  2. United Arab Emirates$58.7 billion · 10.6%
    see destinations
  3. Hong Kong$35.7 billion · 6.4%
    re-exports · see destinations
  4. Australia$34 billion · 6.2%
    see destinations
  5. South Africa$29 billion · 5.2%
    see destinations
  6. United States$22.3 billion · 4%
    see destinations
  7. Canada$21 billion · 3.8%
    see destinations
  8. Japan$18.2 billion · 3.3%
    see destinations
  9. Germany$15.8 billion · 2.9%
    see destinations
  10. China$13.3 billion · 2.4%
    see destinations
  11. Peru$13.1 billion · 2.4%
    see destinations
  12. Russia$12.3 billion · 2.2%
    see destinations
  13. United Kingdom$11.7 billion · 2.1%
    see destinations
  14. Singapore$10.4 billion · 1.9%
    re-exports · see destinations
  15. Uzbekistan$9.7 billion · 1.7%
    see destinations
  16. Kazakhstan$8.8 billion · 1.6%
    see destinations
  17. Thailand$8.3 billion · 1.5%
    see destinations
  18. Burkina Faso$8.3 billion · 1.5%
    see destinations
  19. Mexico$7.4 billion · 1.3%
    see destinations
  20. Kyrgyzstan$7 billion · 1.3%
    see destinations

Top importers

  1. Switzerland$108.7 billion · 19.6%
    see sources
  2. China$73.7 billion · 13.3%
    see sources
  3. Hong Kong$65.5 billion · 11.8%
    re-exports · see sources
  4. India$58.1 billion · 10.5%
    see sources
  5. United Kingdom$49.1 billion · 8.9%
    see sources
  6. United Arab Emirates$32.6 billion · 5.9%
    see sources
  7. United States$19.8 billion · 3.6%
    see sources
  8. Singapore$17.5 billion · 3.2%
    re-exports · see sources
  9. Turkey$16.7 billion · 3%
    see sources
  10. Thailand$14.4 billion · 2.6%
    see sources
  11. Italy$10.1 billion · 1.8%
    see sources
  12. Canada$9.3 billion · 1.7%
    see sources
  13. Saudi Arabia$8.1 billion · 1.5%
    see sources
  14. Australia$6.5 billion · 1.2%
    see sources
  15. Germany$6.2 billion · 1.1%
    see sources
  16. Armenia$5.9 billion · 1.1%
    see sources
  17. Cambodia$5.4 billion · 0.97%
    see sources
  18. Indonesia$4.4 billion · 0.8%
    see sources
  19. South Africa$4 billion · 0.73%
    see sources
  20. Malaysia$4 billion · 0.72%
    see sources

Trend

Who sells it

Switzerland was the top exporter throughout the period

Value in USD billions. The five largest exporters in 2024.

  • Switzerland 106
  • United Arab Emirates 58.7
  • Hong Kong 35.7
  • Australia 34
  • South Africa 29

Source: CEPII BACI

Show the numbers
Country19952024
Switzerland5.7106
United Arab Emirates0.1658.7
Hong Kong0.1435.7
Australia3.434
South Africa229

Price

Implied price

The price per tonne rose 659% since 1995

Current US dollars per tonne: value over the weight reported by BACI.

  • 2024: $57,412,662

Source: CEPII BACI

Show the numbers
YearUSD per tonne
1995$7,561,494
1996$9,037,269
1997$8,448,221
1998$6,965,827
1999$5,347,803
2000$293,812
2001$407,168
2002$3,691,291
2003$4,514,331
2004$5,475,900
2005$11,137,913
2006$4,978,802
2007$10,017,559
2008$6,845,966
2009$6,157,504
2010$21,156,436
2011$18,280,671
2012$15,598,402
2013$15,658,349
2014$13,979,563
2015$22,999,061
2016$23,672,844
2017$35,449,470
2018$34,711,422
2019$35,896,069
2020$42,755,414
2021$46,510,162
2022$45,541,879
2023$47,969,918
2024$57,412,662

What it includes

Non-monetary gold, unwrought, semi-manufactured or powder; central bank gold is not in BACI.

  • 7108 · Gold

Products in the same chapter

Sources and methodology

Sources and licenses

Methodology

Goods trade from CEPII BACI (BACI_HS92_V202601), which reconciles what exporters and importers report: countries that stopped reporting (Russia since 2022) appear with their partners’ data. FOB values in current US dollars; tonnes when BACI reports them. The price per tonne is the value of the rows with a weight divided by that weight. The transport mode is our own estimate based on value per kilo and geography. Data up to 2024.

Hong Kong, Singapore, the Netherlands and Belgium re-export goods from other countries: their figures include transit.

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