Summary
- Exports
- $376.7billion
- Imports
- $201.8billion
- Trade balance
- +$175billion
Products
What it exports
Crude petroleum (33%) and refined petroleum (12.2%) together make up 45.2% of its exports.
What it imports
Cars (8.6%) and medicines in measured doses or retail packs (4%) together make up 12.6% of its imports.
Its products
Destinations and sources of its products that have their own page.
By Harmonized System chapter (96)
| Chapter | Exports | Imports |
|---|---|---|
| 27 · Oil, gas and coal | $235.5 billion | $1.2 billion |
| 71 · Gems and precious metals | $18.8 billion | $757 million |
| 31 · Fertilizers | $15.1 billion | $55 million |
| 72 · Iron and steel | $12.5 billion | $3 billion |
| 10 · Cereals | $10.9 billion | $161 million |
| 76 · Aluminum | $7.9 billion | $913 million |
| 15 · Fats and oils | $6.5 billion | $1.5 billion |
| 26 · Ores and slag | $6.1 billion | $945 million |
| 44 · Wood | $5.7 billion | $275 million |
| 28 · Inorganic chemicals | $5.4 billion | $5 billion |
| 74 · Copper | $5.2 billion | $768 million |
| 03 · Fish and seafood | $4.3 billion | $1.4 billion |
| 84 · Mechanical machinery | $4.2 billion | $36.7 billion |
| 73 · Iron and steel products | $3 billion | $3.5 billion |
| 39 · Plastics | $2.6 billion | $8.1 billion |
| 23 · Animal feed and food waste | $2.2 billion | $483 million |
| 75 · Nickel | $2.1 billion | $51 million |
| 48 · Paper and paperboard | $2 billion | $2 billion |
| 40 · Rubber | $1.9 billion | $3.1 billion |
| 85 · Electrical and electronic equipment | $1.8 billion | $20.8 billion |
| 16 · Prepared meat and fish | $1.7 billion | $290 million |
| 29 · Organic chemicals | $1.6 billion | $5.1 billion |
| 07 · Vegetables | $1.5 billion | $1.2 billion |
| 47 · Wood pulp | $1.2 billion | $48 million |
| 02 · Meat and offal | $1.2 billion | $880 million |
| 12 · Oilseeds and grains | $1.1 billion | $1.5 billion |
| 81 · Other base metals | $886 million | $252 million |
| 86 · Railway equipment | $827 million | $393 million |
| 25 · Salt, stone and cement | $803 million | $386 million |
| 17 · Sugar and sweets | $762 million | $335 million |
| 21 · Food preparations | $714 million | $1.6 billion |
| 87 · Vehicles | $705 million | $29.3 billion |
| 19 · Baked goods and cereal products | $701 million | $689 million |
| 18 · Cocoa and chocolate | $604 million | $1.5 billion |
| 88 · Aircraft and spacecraft | $578 million | $298 million |
| 30 · Pharmaceuticals | $563 million | $11.8 billion |
| 90 · Precision and medical instruments | $556 million | $7 billion |
| 38 · Miscellaneous chemicals | $481 million | $2.3 billion |
| 20 · Preserved fruit and vegetables | $427 million | $1.3 billion |
| 33 · Perfumes and cosmetics | $396 million | $3.1 billion |
| 22 · Beverages and spirits | $394 million | $2.6 billion |
| 11 · Milling products and malt | $383 million | $70 million |
| 61 · Knitted clothing | $372 million | $3.6 billion |
| 68 · Stone, plaster and cement articles | $365 million | $593 million |
| 04 · Dairy, eggs and honey | $324 million | $489 million |
| 63 · Home textiles and used clothing | $323 million | $928 million |
| 70 · Glass | $322 million | $612 million |
| 94 · Furniture and lighting | $316 million | $2.3 billion |
| 34 · Soap and cleaning products | $313 million | $1.1 billion |
| 32 · Dyes, paints and tanning agents | $236 million | $982 million |
| 24 · Tobacco | $234 million | $535 million |
| 69 · Ceramics | $184 million | $1 billion |
| 62 · Woven clothing | $154 million | $3 billion |
| 95 · Toys and sports gear | $143 million | $1.9 billion |
| 49 · Books and printed matter | $137 million | $83 million |
| 05 · Other animal products | $119 million | $78 million |
| 01 · Live animals | $115 million | $33 million |
| 83 · Miscellaneous metal goods | $114 million | $1.4 billion |
| 36 · Explosives and matches | $112 million | $36 million |
| 09 · Coffee, tea and spices | $110 million | $1.2 billion |
| 82 · Tools and cutlery | $105 million | $1.8 billion |
| 64 · Footwear | $93 million | $3.9 billion |
| 56 · Felt, nonwovens and rope | $72 million | $441 million |
| 96 · Other manufactured goods | $70 million | $719 million |
| 43 · Fur and fur goods | $65 million | $181 million |
| 97 · Art and antiques | $63 million | $3 million |
| 08 · Fruit and nuts | $57 million | $4.5 billion |
| 59 · Coated and technical textiles | $57 million | $479 million |
| 35 · Glues, starches and enzymes | $33 million | $740 million |
| 42 · Leather goods and bags | $28 million | $1.1 billion |
| 89 · Ships and boats | $27 million | $455 million |
| 78 · Lead | $27 million | $3 million |
| 53 · Other plant fibers | $26 million | $17 million |
| 55 · Synthetic staple fibers | $19 million | $556 million |
| 41 · Hides and leather | $19 million | $37 million |
| 14 · Other plant products | $19 million | $15 million |
| 93 · Weapons and ammunition | $19 million | $31 million |
| 52 · Cotton | $16 million | $679 million |
| 54 · Synthetic filaments | $15 million | $740 million |
| 91 · Watches and clocks | $12 million | $299 million |
| 80 · Tin | $9 million | $4 million |
| 65 · Hats | $9 million | $202 million |
| 60 · Knitted fabric | $8 million | $741 million |
| 13 · Gums and plant extracts | $8 million | $264 million |
| 57 · Carpets and rugs | $7 million | $173 million |
| 67 · Feathers and artificial flowers | $6 million | $125 million |
| 06 · Live plants and flowers | $6 million | $432 million |
| 51 · Wool | $5 million | $26 million |
| 58 · Special fabrics and lace | $4 million | $142 million |
| 79 · Zinc | $3 million | $321 million |
| 92 · Musical instruments | $3 million | $67 million |
| 37 · Photographic goods | $2 million | $115 million |
| 45 · Cork | $890 thousand | $7 million |
| 46 · Wicker and basketware | $846 thousand | $22 million |
| 66 · Umbrellas and canes | $763 thousand | $38 million |
| 50 · Silk | $109 thousand | $6 million |
Trading partners
China is its main destination (34.4% of exports) and source (56.4% of imports).
Who it sells to
| Partner | Value (USD billions) | Share | Mode |
|---|---|---|---|
| China | 130 | 34.4% | Land |
| India | 66.4 | 17.6% | Sea |
| Turkey | 25.9 | 6.9% | Sea |
| Kazakhstan | 18.2 | 4.8% | Land |
| Brazil | 12.2 | 3.2% | Sea |
| Armenia | 9.2 | 2.5% | Air |
| Uzbekistan | 7.7 | 2.1% | Sea |
| South Korea | 6.9 | 1.8% | Sea |
| Hong Kong | 6.4 | 1.7% | Air |
| Egypt | 6 | 1.6% | Sea |
Who it buys from
| Partner | Value (USD billions) | Share | Mode |
|---|---|---|---|
| China | 114 | 56.4% | Land |
| Kazakhstan | 9.5 | 4.7% | Land |
| Turkey | 8.5 | 4.2% | Sea |
| Germany | 8.1 | 4% | Sea |
| India | 4.8 | 2.4% | Sea |
| Italy | 4.6 | 2.3% | Sea |
| South Korea | 4.5 | 2.2% | Sea |
| Armenia | 3.1 | 1.6% | Sea |
| Uzbekistan | 3 | 1.5% | Sea |
| Poland | 3 | 1.5% | Land |
Overview 1995–2024
In 2024, Russia accounted for 1.7% of world exports, compared with 1.1% in 1995.
Exports and imports
Exports grew 6.5-fold since 1995
USD billions (current). Bars: trade balance (green surplus, red deficit).
- Exports 377
- Imports 202
- Balance +175
Source: CEPII BACI
Show the numbers
| Year | Exports | Imports | Trade balance |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1995 | $58.1 billion | $39 billion | $19.1 billion |
| 1996 | $93.2 billion | $52.1 billion | $41.1 billion |
| 1997 | $91.3 billion | $57.7 billion | $33.6 billion |
| 1998 | $82.2 billion | $50.7 billion | $31.5 billion |
| 1999 | $82.3 billion | $34.7 billion | $47.6 billion |
| 2000 | $109.7 billion | $40.8 billion | $69 billion |
| 2001 | $106.2 billion | $49.6 billion | $56.6 billion |
| 2002 | $110 billion | $54.5 billion | $55.4 billion |
| 2003 | $138.5 billion | $68 billion | $70.5 billion |
| 2004 | $193 billion | $90.3 billion | $102.8 billion |
| 2005 | $250.2 billion | $115.9 billion | $134.2 billion |
| 2006 | $300.1 billion | $155.2 billion | $144.9 billion |
| 2007 | $349.2 billion | $219.2 billion | $130 billion |
| 2008 | $438.7 billion | $284.9 billion | $153.8 billion |
| 2009 | $311.3 billion | $173.7 billion | $137.6 billion |
| 2010 | $390.4 billion | $235.1 billion | $155.3 billion |
| 2011 | $497.7 billion | $311.9 billion | $185.8 billion |
| 2012 | $514.5 billion | $327.2 billion | $187.3 billion |
| 2013 | $493 billion | $326.7 billion | $166.2 billion |
| 2014 | $483.7 billion | $297.6 billion | $186.1 billion |
| 2015 | $338.9 billion | $187.4 billion | $151.6 billion |
| 2016 | $302.8 billion | $202.1 billion | $100.8 billion |
| 2017 | $371.8 billion | $249.6 billion | $122.2 billion |
| 2018 | $449 billion | $243.8 billion | $205.1 billion |
| 2019 | $432.5 billion | $249.6 billion | $182.9 billion |
| 2020 | $339.2 billion | $230.2 billion | $109 billion |
| 2021 | $501.7 billion | $284.6 billion | $217.1 billion |
| 2022 | $539.2 billion | $196.6 billion | $342.6 billion |
| 2023 | $410.8 billion | $216.3 billion | $194.6 billion |
| 2024 | $376.7 billion | $201.8 billion | $175 billion |
World rank
Russia rose from 21st to 19th among the world's exporters
Rank among 222 countries by export value (1st at the top).
- 21st in 1995
- 19th in 2024
Source: CEPII BACI
Show the numbers
| Year | Rank |
|---|---|
| 1995 | 21st |
| 1996 | 17th |
| 1997 | 17th |
| 1998 | 19th |
| 1999 | 19th |
| 2000 | 16th |
| 2001 | 16th |
| 2002 | 16th |
| 2003 | 15th |
| 2004 | 13th |
| 2005 | 12th |
| 2006 | 11th |
| 2007 | 11th |
| 2008 | 11th |
| 2009 | 10th |
| 2010 | 9th |
| 2011 | 9th |
| 2012 | 7th |
| 2013 | 9th |
| 2014 | 9th |
| 2015 | 12th |
| 2016 | 13th |
| 2017 | 13th |
| 2018 | 10th |
| 2019 | 11th |
| 2020 | 13th |
| 2021 | 11th |
| 2022 | 12th |
| 2023 | 16th |
| 2024 | 19th |
What it sells
Its top export group is still oil, gas and coal: 63% in 2024
% of exports by Harmonized System chapter.
- Other 17%
- Ores and slag 2%
- Fats and oils 2%
- Aluminum 2%
- Cereals 3%
- Iron and steel 3%
- Fertilizers 4%
- Gems and precious metals 5%
- Oil, gas and coal 63%
Source: CEPII BACI
Show the numbers
| Chapter | 1995 | 2024 |
|---|---|---|
| Oil, gas and coal | 33.7% | 62.5% |
| Gems and precious metals | 5.3% | 5% |
| Fertilizers | 4% | 4% |
| Iron and steel | 11.8% | 3.3% |
| Cereals | 0.43% | 2.9% |
| Aluminum | 9.2% | 2.1% |
| Fats and oils | 0.05% | 1.7% |
| Ores and slag | 0.83% | 1.6% |
| Other | 34.8% | 16.9% |
Who it trades with
China went from 5% to 42% of Russia's trade
% of total trade (exports + imports) with each partner.
- China 42%
- India 12%
- Turkey 6%
- Kazakhstan 5%
- Brazil 2%
Source: CEPII BACI
Show the numbers
| Partner | 1995 | 2024 |
|---|---|---|
| China | 5.3% | 42.1% |
| India | 1.9% | 12.3% |
| Turkey | 3.4% | 6% |
| Kazakhstan | 0% | 4.8% |
| Brazil | 0.78% | 2.4% |
Production hubs
Largest industrial emission sources (Climate TRACE, 2025)
- Central Sub-basin - West Siberia basin
- Volga - Urals basin
- Nepa - Botuoba basin
Sources and methodology
Sources and licenses
- CEPII BACI · Licence Ouverte Etalab 2.0
- Climate TRACE · CC BY 4.0 (emissions by asset; the 3 largest per country are shown)
- Kummu et al., gridded GDP · CC BY 4.0 (hubs aggregated by this site)
- Natural Earth · Public domain
Methodology
Goods trade from CEPII BACI (BACI_HS92_V202601), in current US dollars, with exports and imports reconciled between countries. The transport mode is our own estimate based on value per kilo and geography. Ranks are computed among the countries with data each year. Services are not included. Data up to 2024.