Summary
- Exports
- $19.7billion
- Imports
- $21.6billion
- Trade balance
- -$1.9billion
Products
What it exports
Cars (5.1%) and cameras and broadcast equipment (4.9%) together make up 10.1% of its exports.
What it imports
Cars (8.6%) and refined petroleum (4.2%) together make up 12.7% of its imports.
By Harmonized System chapter (96)
| Chapter | Exports | Imports |
|---|---|---|
| 85 · Electrical and electronic equipment | $2.9 billion | $2.9 billion |
| 44 · Wood | $1.9 billion | $650 million |
| 84 · Mechanical machinery | $1.8 billion | $1.8 billion |
| 87 · Vehicles | $1.7 billion | $2.7 billion |
| 27 · Oil, gas and coal | $1.4 billion | $1.8 billion |
| 94 · Furniture and lighting | $1 billion | $296 million |
| 90 · Precision and medical instruments | $856 million | $486 million |
| 73 · Iron and steel products | $617 million | $556 million |
| 15 · Fats and oils | $527 million | $364 million |
| 39 · Plastics | $485 million | $855 million |
| 18 · Cocoa and chocolate | $471 million | $477 million |
| 04 · Dairy, eggs and honey | $386 million | $171 million |
| 72 · Iron and steel | $348 million | $672 million |
| 71 · Gems and precious metals | $323 million | $264 million |
| 10 · Cereals | $260 million | $28 million |
| 21 · Food preparations | $235 million | $217 million |
| 32 · Dyes, paints and tanning agents | $215 million | $166 million |
| 03 · Fish and seafood | $199 million | $206 million |
| 30 · Pharmaceuticals | $177 million | $801 million |
| 70 · Glass | $164 million | $121 million |
| 19 · Baked goods and cereal products | $163 million | $177 million |
| 47 · Wood pulp | $163 million | $68 million |
| 48 · Paper and paperboard | $160 million | $293 million |
| 22 · Beverages and spirits | $154 million | $375 million |
| 38 · Miscellaneous chemicals | $150 million | $182 million |
| 33 · Perfumes and cosmetics | $138 million | $226 million |
| 62 · Woven clothing | $135 million | $209 million |
| 95 · Toys and sports gear | $132 million | $167 million |
| 29 · Organic chemicals | $131 million | $179 million |
| 16 · Prepared meat and fish | $118 million | $130 million |
| 68 · Stone, plaster and cement articles | $114 million | $125 million |
| 40 · Rubber | $114 million | $195 million |
| 02 · Meat and offal | $103 million | $192 million |
| 76 · Aluminum | $102 million | $195 million |
| 83 · Miscellaneous metal goods | $97 million | $110 million |
| 07 · Vegetables | $86 million | $116 million |
| 89 · Ships and boats | $82 million | $123 million |
| 88 · Aircraft and spacecraft | $81 million | $58 million |
| 23 · Animal feed and food waste | $79 million | $128 million |
| 34 · Soap and cleaning products | $78 million | $110 million |
| 09 · Coffee, tea and spices | $74 million | $109 million |
| 56 · Felt, nonwovens and rope | $72 million | $34 million |
| 74 · Copper | $71 million | $93 million |
| 61 · Knitted clothing | $71 million | $188 million |
| 49 · Books and printed matter | $65 million | $22 million |
| 01 · Live animals | $62 million | $11 million |
| 63 · Home textiles and used clothing | $59 million | $80 million |
| 28 · Inorganic chemicals | $56 million | $207 million |
| 64 · Footwear | $51 million | $135 million |
| 82 · Tools and cutlery | $48 million | $82 million |
| 81 · Other base metals | $47 million | $45 million |
| 12 · Oilseeds and grains | $36 million | $54 million |
| 96 · Other manufactured goods | $36 million | $40 million |
| 08 · Fruit and nuts | $36 million | $193 million |
| 42 · Leather goods and bags | $35 million | $54 million |
| 54 · Synthetic filaments | $34 million | $63 million |
| 75 · Nickel | $34 million | $10 million |
| 51 · Wool | $28 million | $10 million |
| 69 · Ceramics | $27 million | $54 million |
| 31 · Fertilizers | $25 million | $103 million |
| 35 · Glues, starches and enzymes | $25 million | $40 million |
| 20 · Preserved fruit and vegetables | $24 million | $115 million |
| 86 · Railway equipment | $24 million | $109 million |
| 26 · Ores and slag | $23 million | $18 million |
| 78 · Lead | $22 million | $2 million |
| 11 · Milling products and malt | $21 million | $27 million |
| 25 · Salt, stone and cement | $20 million | $87 million |
| 57 · Carpets and rugs | $14 million | $13 million |
| 17 · Sugar and sweets | $13 million | $72 million |
| 91 · Watches and clocks | $11 million | $27 million |
| 24 · Tobacco | $11 million | $72 million |
| 05 · Other animal products | $9 million | $12 million |
| 93 · Weapons and ammunition | $9 million | $236 million |
| 65 · Hats | $7 million | $14 million |
| 59 · Coated and technical textiles | $5 million | $20 million |
| 52 · Cotton | $5 million | $33 million |
| 53 · Other plant fibers | $5 million | $8 million |
| 60 · Knitted fabric | $5 million | $29 million |
| 36 · Explosives and matches | $5 million | $8 million |
| 55 · Synthetic staple fibers | $4 million | $46 million |
| 58 · Special fabrics and lace | $4 million | $17 million |
| 92 · Musical instruments | $3 million | $4 million |
| 41 · Hides and leather | $3 million | $7 million |
| 97 · Art and antiques | $3 million | $2 million |
| 06 · Live plants and flowers | $3 million | $48 million |
| 79 · Zinc | $2 million | $8 million |
| 43 · Fur and fur goods | $2 million | $10 million |
| 13 · Gums and plant extracts | $2 million | $5 million |
| 37 · Photographic goods | $1 million | $6 million |
| 14 · Other plant products | $741 thousand | $2 million |
| 67 · Feathers and artificial flowers | $614 thousand | $4 million |
| 66 · Umbrellas and canes | $282 thousand | $2 million |
| 46 · Wicker and basketware | $264 thousand | $2 million |
| 45 · Cork | $166 thousand | $380 thousand |
| 80 · Tin | $101 thousand | $1 million |
| 50 · Silk | $50 thousand | $728 thousand |
Trading partners
Its main destination is Finland (12.5% of exports) and its main source is Germany (10.9% of imports).
Who it sells to
| Partner | Value (USD billions) | Share | Mode |
|---|---|---|---|
| Finland | 2.5 | 12.5% | Sea |
| Latvia | 1.7 | 8.7% | Land |
| Lithuania | 1.6 | 8.2% | Sea |
| Sweden | 1.5 | 7.4% | Sea |
| Germany | 1.1 | 5.6% | Sea |
| Netherlands | 1.1 | 5.6% | Sea |
| United States | 1.1 | 5.4% | Air |
| Russia | 1 | 5.2% | Land |
| Norway | 0.65 | 3.3% | Sea |
| Poland | 0.6 | 3.1% | Sea |
Who it buys from
| Partner | Value (USD billions) | Share | Mode |
|---|---|---|---|
| Germany | 2.4 | 10.9% | Sea |
| China | 2.3 | 10.5% | Sea |
| Finland | 2.1 | 9.5% | Sea |
| Lithuania | 1.4 | 6.6% | Sea |
| Poland | 1.4 | 6.4% | Sea |
| Latvia | 1.2 | 5.7% | Land |
| Sweden | 1.1 | 5.1% | Sea |
| United States | 0.84 | 3.9% | Sea |
| Italy | 0.68 | 3.1% | Sea |
| Netherlands | 0.6 | 2.8% | Sea |
Overview 1995–2024
In 2024, Estonia accounted for 0.09% of world exports, compared with 0.05% in 1995.
Exports and imports
Exports grew 8-fold since 1995
USD billions (current). Bars: trade balance (green surplus, red deficit).
- Exports 19.7
- Imports 21.6
- Balance -1.9
Source: CEPII BACI
Show the numbers
| Year | Exports | Imports | Trade balance |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1995 | $2.4 billion | $2.9 billion | -$488 million |
| 1996 | $2.7 billion | $3.7 billion | -$979 million |
| 1997 | $3.4 billion | $4.8 billion | -$1.3 billion |
| 1998 | $3.7 billion | $5.1 billion | -$1.5 billion |
| 1999 | $3.6 billion | $4.6 billion | -$1 billion |
| 2000 | $5.1 billion | $4.9 billion | $231 million |
| 2001 | $4.7 billion | $4.9 billion | -$161 million |
| 2002 | $4.9 billion | $5.9 billion | -$999 million |
| 2003 | $6.2 billion | $7.1 billion | -$873 million |
| 2004 | $7.7 billion | $8.7 billion | -$1.1 billion |
| 2005 | $9.1 billion | $11.1 billion | -$2 billion |
| 2006 | $11.1 billion | $14.6 billion | -$3.5 billion |
| 2007 | $12 billion | $16.1 billion | -$4.1 billion |
| 2008 | $13.2 billion | $16.5 billion | -$3.3 billion |
| 2009 | $10.4 billion | $11 billion | -$545 million |
| 2010 | $13 billion | $13.6 billion | -$685 million |
| 2011 | $18.7 billion | $19.1 billion | -$351 million |
| 2012 | $16.9 billion | $20.9 billion | -$4 billion |
| 2013 | $17 billion | $21.5 billion | -$4.5 billion |
| 2014 | $18.3 billion | $20.9 billion | -$2.6 billion |
| 2015 | $14.4 billion | $15.4 billion | -$1 billion |
| 2016 | $14.8 billion | $15.6 billion | -$805 million |
| 2017 | $15.9 billion | $17.2 billion | -$1.4 billion |
| 2018 | $17.7 billion | $19.4 billion | -$1.7 billion |
| 2019 | $16.9 billion | $18.3 billion | -$1.4 billion |
| 2020 | $16.2 billion | $17.8 billion | -$1.6 billion |
| 2021 | $21.4 billion | $24.4 billion | -$3 billion |
| 2022 | $23.9 billion | $25.6 billion | -$1.7 billion |
| 2023 | $20.2 billion | $21.6 billion | -$1.4 billion |
| 2024 | $19.7 billion | $21.6 billion | -$1.9 billion |
World rank
Estonia rose from 83rd to 79th among the world's exporters
Rank among 222 countries by export value (1st at the top).
- 83rd in 1995
- 79th in 2024
Source: CEPII BACI
Show the numbers
| Year | Rank |
|---|---|
| 1995 | 83rd |
| 1996 | 84th |
| 1997 | 79th |
| 1998 | 79th |
| 1999 | 81st |
| 2000 | 74th |
| 2001 | 79th |
| 2002 | 79th |
| 2003 | 77th |
| 2004 | 78th |
| 2005 | 76th |
| 2006 | 76th |
| 2007 | 78th |
| 2008 | 81st |
| 2009 | 79th |
| 2010 | 78th |
| 2011 | 75th |
| 2012 | 77th |
| 2013 | 77th |
| 2014 | 78th |
| 2015 | 79th |
| 2016 | 77th |
| 2017 | 78th |
| 2018 | 78th |
| 2019 | 77th |
| 2020 | 74th |
| 2021 | 75th |
| 2022 | 75th |
| 2023 | 80th |
| 2024 | 79th |
What it sells
Electrical and electronic equipment became its top export group: from 4% to 15%
% of exports by Harmonized System chapter.
- Other 38%
- Iron and steel products 3%
- Precision and medical instruments 4%
- Furniture and lighting 5%
- Oil, gas and coal 7%
- Vehicles 9%
- Mechanical machinery 9%
- Wood 10%
- Electrical and electronic equipment 15%
Source: CEPII BACI
Show the numbers
| Chapter | 1995 | 2024 |
|---|---|---|
| Electrical and electronic equipment | 3.6% | 14.9% |
| Wood | 11.4% | 9.8% |
| Mechanical machinery | 6.4% | 9.1% |
| Vehicles | 5.8% | 8.7% |
| Oil, gas and coal | 12.1% | 7.1% |
| Furniture and lighting | 3.9% | 5.3% |
| Precision and medical instruments | 0.85% | 4.4% |
| Iron and steel products | 1.8% | 3.1% |
| Other | 54.2% | 37.8% |
Who it trades with
Finland went from 24% to 11% of Estonia's trade
% of total trade (exports + imports) with each partner.
- Finland 11%
- Germany 8%
- Lithuania 7%
- Latvia 7%
- China 6%
Source: CEPII BACI
Show the numbers
| Partner | 1995 | 2024 |
|---|---|---|
| Finland | 24.5% | 11% |
| Germany | 9.3% | 8.4% |
| Lithuania | 2.3% | 7.3% |
| Latvia | 3.3% | 7.2% |
| China | 0.3% | 6.2% |
Production hubs
Largest industrial emission sources (Climate TRACE, 2025)
No hubs above the globe threshold.
View on the globeSources and methodology
Sources and licenses
- CEPII BACI · Licence Ouverte Etalab 2.0
- Climate TRACE · CC BY 4.0 (emissions by asset; the 3 largest per country are shown)
- Kummu et al., gridded GDP · CC BY 4.0 (hubs aggregated by this site)
- Natural Earth · Public domain
Methodology
Goods trade from CEPII BACI (BACI_HS92_V202601), in current US dollars, with exports and imports reconciled between countries. The transport mode is our own estimate based on value per kilo and geography. Ranks are computed among the countries with data each year. Services are not included. Data up to 2024.