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Poland trade in 2024

In 2024, Poland exported $336.9 billion and imported $379.3 billion, a trade deficit of $42.4 billion. It was the world's 23rd-largest exporter, with 1.5% of world exports. Its top export was auto parts (5.8% of the total) and its main trading partner was Germany (22.5% of its trade).

Summary

Exports
$336.9billion
Imports
$379.3billion
Trade balance
-$42.4billion
Routes to the main partners. Width: trade value; color: estimated transport mode.SeaAirLand
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Products

What it exports

Auto parts (5.8%) and batteries (2.5%) together make up 8.3% of its exports.

  1. Auto parts$19.7 billion · 5.8%
    Main partner: Germany
  2. Batteries$8.3 billion · 2.5%
    Main partner: Germany
  3. Cars$7.3 billion · 2.2%
    Main partner: Italy
  4. Seats and chairs$6.6 billion · 2%
    Main partner: Germany
  5. Furniture$6.3 billion · 1.9%
    Main partner: Germany
  6. Trucks$6.3 billion · 1.9%
    Main partner: Germany
  7. Computers$6.2 billion · 1.8%
    Main partner: Germany
  8. Cigarettes and cigars$5.3 billion · 1.6%
    Main partner: Germany
  9. Turbojets and gas turbines$4.8 billion · 1.4%
    Main partner: United States
  10. Poultry meat$4.4 billion · 1.3%
    Main partner: Germany

What it imports

Cars (5.2%) and crude petroleum (4.1%) together make up 9.2% of its imports.

  1. Cars$19.5 billion · 5.2%
    Main partner: Germany
  2. Crude petroleum$15.4 billion · 4.1%
    Main partner: Saudi Arabia
  3. Auto parts$12.3 billion · 3.2%
    Main partner: Germany
  4. Cameras and broadcast equipment$9.3 billion · 2.5%
    Main partner: China
  5. Refined petroleum$8.1 billion · 2.1%
    Main partner: Germany
  6. Medicines in measured doses or retail packs$7.4 billion · 2%
    Main partner: Germany
  7. Computer and office machine parts$6.3 billion · 1.7%
    Main partner: China
  8. Vaccines, blood and antisera$4.7 billion · 1.3%
    Main partner: United States
  9. Turbojets and gas turbines$4.5 billion · 1.2%
    Main partner: United States
  10. Computers$4.5 billion · 1.2%
    Main partner: China
By Harmonized System chapter (96)
ChapterExportsImports
84 · Mechanical machinery$48.5 billion$48.6 billion
85 · Electrical and electronic equipment$39.9 billion$46.7 billion
87 · Vehicles$39.2 billion$41.2 billion
94 · Furniture and lighting$15.8 billion$5.6 billion
39 · Plastics$15.6 billion$19.8 billion
73 · Iron and steel products$9.7 billion$8 billion
02 · Meat and offal$8.3 billion$2.4 billion
90 · Precision and medical instruments$7.4 billion$8.7 billion
48 · Paper and paperboard$7.2 billion$6.6 billion
27 · Oil, gas and coal$6.9 billion$29.3 billion
24 · Tobacco$6.3 billion$1.4 billion
40 · Rubber$6.3 billion$5.5 billion
30 · Pharmaceuticals$5.7 billion$12.8 billion
44 · Wood$5.6 billion$2.3 billion
72 · Iron and steel$5.3 billion$11.8 billion
74 · Copper$5.3 billion$3 billion
19 · Baked goods and cereal products$5.2 billion$1.9 billion
33 · Perfumes and cosmetics$5 billion$4.4 billion
76 · Aluminum$4.5 billion$6.6 billion
04 · Dairy, eggs and honey$4 billion$2 billion
34 · Soap and cleaning products$3.9 billion$1.9 billion
21 · Food preparations$3.6 billion$2.2 billion
38 · Miscellaneous chemicals$3.6 billion$4.2 billion
62 · Woven clothing$3.5 billion$9.2 billion
18 · Cocoa and chocolate$3.3 billion$2.8 billion
16 · Prepared meat and fish$3.2 billion$629 million
61 · Knitted clothing$3 billion$8.7 billion
23 · Animal feed and food waste$2.9 billion$3.7 billion
70 · Glass$2.8 billion$1.9 billion
10 · Cereals$2.8 billion$620 million
83 · Miscellaneous metal goods$2.7 billion$2.6 billion
93 · Weapons and ammunition$2.6 billion$3.9 billion
86 · Railway equipment$2.3 billion$902 million
20 · Preserved fruit and vegetables$2.2 billion$1.6 billion
71 · Gems and precious metals$2.2 billion$1.7 billion
64 · Footwear$2.1 billion$5.4 billion
03 · Fish and seafood$2.1 billion$3.5 billion
89 · Ships and boats$2 billion$1.5 billion
07 · Vegetables$1.8 billion$1.6 billion
22 · Beverages and spirits$1.8 billion$2.1 billion
82 · Tools and cutlery$1.7 billion$1.8 billion
08 · Fruit and nuts$1.7 billion$2.9 billion
29 · Organic chemicals$1.7 billion$4.3 billion
68 · Stone, plaster and cement articles$1.7 billion$1.1 billion
95 · Toys and sports gear$1.6 billion$3.1 billion
69 · Ceramics$1.6 billion$1.2 billion
88 · Aircraft and spacecraft$1.5 billion$2.4 billion
32 · Dyes, paints and tanning agents$1.5 billion$2.4 billion
49 · Books and printed matter$1.4 billion$640 million
15 · Fats and oils$1.4 billion$2.3 billion
17 · Sugar and sweets$1.3 billion$747 million
63 · Home textiles and used clothing$1.3 billion$1.5 billion
28 · Inorganic chemicals$1.2 billion$3.8 billion
31 · Fertilizers$989 million$1.7 billion
09 · Coffee, tea and spices$927 million$1.5 billion
12 · Oilseeds and grains$739 million$969 million
35 · Glues, starches and enzymes$737 million$1.2 billion
42 · Leather goods and bags$608 million$1.7 billion
56 · Felt, nonwovens and rope$594 million$791 million
96 · Other manufactured goods$524 million$854 million
59 · Coated and technical textiles$465 million$702 million
05 · Other animal products$458 million$369 million
11 · Milling products and malt$444 million$515 million
25 · Salt, stone and cement$396 million$908 million
79 · Zinc$367 million$290 million
47 · Wood pulp$355 million$983 million
06 · Live plants and flowers$285 million$671 million
54 · Synthetic filaments$278 million$804 million
26 · Ores and slag$251 million$1.4 billion
41 · Hides and leather$243 million$269 million
78 · Lead$235 million$187 million
01 · Live animals$229 million$1.4 billion
57 · Carpets and rugs$212 million$317 million
80 · Tin$186 million$119 million
55 · Synthetic staple fibers$183 million$765 million
65 · Hats$169 million$369 million
36 · Explosives and matches$167 million$192 million
60 · Knitted fabric$162 million$382 million
91 · Watches and clocks$133 million$481 million
43 · Fur and fur goods$123 million$20 million
81 · Other base metals$99 million$207 million
58 · Special fabrics and lace$85 million$281 million
51 · Wool$81 million$154 million
75 · Nickel$65 million$272 million
97 · Art and antiques$65 million$27 million
52 · Cotton$54 million$286 million
46 · Wicker and basketware$49 million$58 million
92 · Musical instruments$40 million$86 million
53 · Other plant fibers$38 million$44 million
13 · Gums and plant extracts$38 million$166 million
67 · Feathers and artificial flowers$36 million$169 million
66 · Umbrellas and canes$36 million$57 million
37 · Photographic goods$28 million$155 million
45 · Cork$16 million$10 million
14 · Other plant products$8 million$54 million
50 · Silk$1 million$7 million

Trading partners

Germany is its main destination (24.5% of exports) and source (20.8% of imports).

Who it sells to

PartnerValue (USD billions)ShareMode
Germany82.524.5%Land
Czechia19.85.9%Land
United Kingdom19.45.8%Sea
France18.95.6%Sea
Italy16.54.9%Sea
Netherlands15.44.6%Sea
United States133.9%Sea
Ukraine9.82.9%Land
Spain8.92.6%Sea
Hungary8.82.6%Sea

Who it buys from

PartnerValue (USD billions)ShareMode
Germany78.820.8%Land
China54.114.3%Sea
Italy18.34.8%Sea
United States17.84.7%Sea
Netherlands14.83.9%Sea
Czechia143.7%Land
France13.83.6%Sea
South Korea9.32.5%Sea
Spain8.82.3%Sea
Saudi Arabia8.72.3%Sea

Overview 1995–2024

In 2024, Poland accounted for 1.5% of world exports, compared with 0.49% in 1995.

Exports and imports

Exports grew 13.5-fold since 1995

USD billions (current). Bars: trade balance (green surplus, red deficit).

  • Exports 337
  • Imports 379
  • Balance -42.4

Source: CEPII BACI

Show the numbers
YearExportsImportsTrade balance
1995$24.9 billion$31.1 billion-$6.2 billion
1996$25.6 billion$39.3 billion-$13.7 billion
1997$26.7 billion$44.7 billion-$17.9 billion
1998$28.9 billion$48.5 billion-$19.6 billion
1999$28.6 billion$47.9 billion-$19.3 billion
2000$32.6 billion$51.3 billion-$18.7 billion
2001$37 billion$52.5 billion-$15.5 billion
2002$42.1 billion$57.5 billion-$15.5 billion
2003$55.9 billion$70.4 billion-$14.5 billion
2004$71.6 billion$88.5 billion-$16.9 billion
2005$86 billion$103.8 billion-$17.9 billion
2006$106.7 billion$127.7 billion-$21 billion
2007$132.6 billion$166.2 billion-$33.6 billion
2008$162.2 billion$211.1 billion-$48.9 billion
2009$128.7 billion$152.4 billion-$23.7 billion
2010$150.8 billion$179.3 billion-$28.5 billion
2011$181.9 billion$212.6 billion-$30.7 billion
2012$176.6 billion$195.5 billion-$18.8 billion
2013$197.5 billion$208.9 billion-$11.4 billion
2014$208.5 billion$219 billion-$10.5 billion
2015$190.4 billion$196.3 billion-$5.9 billion
2016$196.3 billion$198 billion-$1.7 billion
2017$220.9 billion$227.1 billion-$6.2 billion
2018$247.4 billion$273 billion-$25.6 billion
2019$247.8 billion$264 billion-$16.2 billion
2020$249 billion$261.9 billion-$13 billion
2021$303.8 billion$340.9 billion-$37.1 billion
2022$329.5 billion$379.8 billion-$50.2 billion
2023$346.1 billion$374.2 billion-$28.1 billion
2024$336.9 billion$379.3 billion-$42.4 billion

World rank

Poland rose from 33rd to 23rd among the world's exporters

Rank among 222 countries by export value (1st at the top).

  • 33rd in 1995
  • 23rd in 2024

Source: CEPII BACI

Show the numbers
YearRank
199533rd
199634th
199736th
199835th
199935th
200037th
200134th
200234th
200331st
200430th
200530th
200629th
200729th
200828th
200927th
201026th
201126th
201226th
201326th
201426th
201524th
201623rd
201726th
201826th
201925th
202023rd
202124th
202227th
202323rd
202423rd

What it sells

Mechanical machinery became its top export group: from 5% to 14%

% of exports by Harmonized System chapter.

  • Other 45%
  • Precision and medical instruments 2%
  • Meat and offal 2%
  • Iron and steel products 3%
  • Plastics 5%
  • Furniture and lighting 5%
  • Vehicles 12%
  • Electrical and electronic equipment 12%
  • Mechanical machinery 14%

Source: CEPII BACI

Show the numbers
Chapter19952024
Mechanical machinery5.5%14.4%
Electrical and electronic equipment5.7%11.9%
Vehicles5.4%11.6%
Furniture and lighting6.3%4.7%
Plastics1.8%4.6%
Iron and steel products4.3%2.9%
Meat and offal0.7%2.5%
Precision and medical instruments0.5%2.2%
Other69.8%45.2%

Who it trades with

Germany went from 31% to 23% of Poland's trade

% of total trade (exports + imports) with each partner.

  • Germany 23%
  • China 8%
  • Italy 5%
  • Czechia 5%
  • France 5%

Source: CEPII BACI

Show the numbers
Partner19952024
Germany30.6%22.5%
China1.2%8.1%
Italy6.9%4.9%
Czechia2.9%4.7%
France4.6%4.6%

Production hubs

Largest industrial emission sources (Climate TRACE, 2025)

  • Belchatow power stationPower · 24.4 Mt CO₂e
  • Kozienice power stationPower · 15.8 Mt CO₂e
  • Opole power stationPower · 11.7 Mt CO₂e
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Largest economic production hubs (gridded GDP, 2024)

  • Warsaw$303.9 billion (PPP, 2021 dollars)
  • Katowice$211.8 billion (PPP, 2021 dollars)
  • Bytom$145.5 billion (PPP, 2021 dollars)
View on the globe

Sources and methodology

Sources and licenses

Methodology

Goods trade from CEPII BACI (BACI_HS92_V202601), in current US dollars, with exports and imports reconciled between countries. The transport mode is our own estimate based on value per kilo and geography. Ranks are computed among the countries with data each year. Services are not included. Data up to 2024.

Neighboring countries

Main partners

See all countries