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Egypt trade in 2024

In 2024, Egypt exported $54.6 billion and imported $98.4 billion, a trade deficit of $43.8 billion. It was the world's 56th-largest exporter, with 0.24% of world exports. Its top export was refined petroleum (15.6% of the total) and its main trading partner was China (11.1% of its trade).

Summary

Exports
$54.6billion
Imports
$98.4billion
Trade balance
-$43.8billion
Routes to the main partners. Width: trade value; color: estimated transport mode.SeaAirLand
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Products

What it exports

Refined petroleum (15.6%) and gold (6.1%) together make up 21.8% of its exports.

  1. Refined petroleum$8.5 billion · 15.6%
    Main partner: Saudi Arabia
  2. Gold$3.4 billion · 6.1%
    Main partner: United Arab Emirates
  3. Nitrogen fertilizers$1.6 billion · 3%
    Main partner: Turkey
  4. Cables and wire$1.5 billion · 2.8%
    Main partner: United Kingdom
  5. Citrus fruit$1.4 billion · 2.5%
    Main partner: Russia
  6. Crude petroleum$1.2 billion · 2.2%
    Main partner: Greece
  7. Hot-rolled flat steel$1 billion · 1.9%
    Main partner: Turkey
  8. Cement$1 billion · 1.9%
    Main partner: Libya
  9. Copper wire$930 million · 1.7%
    Main partner: Saudi Arabia
  10. Monitors and projectors$871 million · 1.6%
    Main partner: United Arab Emirates

What it imports

Refined petroleum (10%) and natural gas and LPG (6.3%) together make up 16.3% of its imports.

  1. Refined petroleum$9.8 billion · 10%
    Main partner: Saudi Arabia
  2. Natural gas and LPG$6.2 billion · 6.3%
    Main partner: United States
  3. Wheat$5.2 billion · 5.3%
    Main partner: Russia
  4. Cars$3 billion · 3%
    Main partner: China
  5. Medicines in measured doses or retail packs$2.7 billion · 2.7%
    Main partner: Switzerland
  6. Corn$1.8 billion · 1.9%
    Main partner: Brazil
  7. Soybeans$1.7 billion · 1.8%
    Main partner: United States
  8. Ferrous scrap$1.6 billion · 1.6%
    Main partner: United Kingdom
  9. Iron ore$1.4 billion · 1.5%
    Main partner: Brazil
  10. Cameras and broadcast equipment$1.4 billion · 1.4%
    Main partner: China
By Harmonized System chapter (96)
ChapterExportsImports
27 · Oil, gas and coal$10.9 billion$17.9 billion
71 · Gems and precious metals$3.4 billion$302 million
85 · Electrical and electronic equipment$3.2 billion$6.2 billion
08 · Fruit and nuts$3 billion$357 million
39 · Plastics$2.6 billion$4.8 billion
72 · Iron and steel$2.5 billion$5.5 billion
31 · Fertilizers$2.5 billion$310 million
07 · Vegetables$2.2 billion$691 million
25 · Salt, stone and cement$1.9 billion$224 million
61 · Knitted clothing$1.7 billion$154 million
62 · Woven clothing$1.6 billion$162 million
20 · Preserved fruit and vegetables$1.2 billion$100 million
74 · Copper$1 billion$2.3 billion
76 · Aluminum$954 million$841 million
84 · Mechanical machinery$819 million$7.9 billion
28 · Inorganic chemicals$814 million$787 million
33 · Perfumes and cosmetics$771 million$391 million
70 · Glass$730 million$230 million
48 · Paper and paperboard$635 million$1.5 billion
68 · Stone, plaster and cement articles$593 million$166 million
21 · Food preparations$585 million$260 million
73 · Iron and steel products$562 million$1.9 billion
17 · Sugar and sweets$535 million$1.1 billion
30 · Pharmaceuticals$533 million$3.5 billion
11 · Milling products and malt$531 million$48 million
52 · Cotton$529 million$998 million
12 · Oilseeds and grains$516 million$2.1 billion
15 · Fats and oils$495 million$2.3 billion
87 · Vehicles$457 million$5 billion
57 · Carpets and rugs$440 million$15 million
19 · Baked goods and cereal products$428 million$181 million
34 · Soap and cleaning products$379 million$277 million
38 · Miscellaneous chemicals$344 million$1.1 billion
32 · Dyes, paints and tanning agents$315 million$598 million
54 · Synthetic filaments$315 million$1.4 billion
69 · Ceramics$306 million$195 million
04 · Dairy, eggs and honey$298 million$649 million
63 · Home textiles and used clothing$297 million$79 million
29 · Organic chemicals$292 million$2.9 billion
94 · Furniture and lighting$279 million$391 million
18 · Cocoa and chocolate$221 million$204 million
09 · Coffee, tea and spices$202 million$676 million
23 · Animal feed and food waste$187 million$297 million
40 · Rubber$182 million$1.1 billion
93 · Weapons and ammunition$175 million$79 million
90 · Precision and medical instruments$171 million$1.6 billion
55 · Synthetic staple fibers$165 million$754 million
53 · Other plant fibers$157 million$51 million
60 · Knitted fabric$142 million$636 million
56 · Felt, nonwovens and rope$128 million$157 million
24 · Tobacco$128 million$838 million
26 · Ores and slag$105 million$1.5 billion
10 · Cereals$96 million$7.2 billion
05 · Other animal products$87 million$50 million
36 · Explosives and matches$82 million$29 million
03 · Fish and seafood$79 million$538 million
41 · Hides and leather$77 million$4 million
44 · Wood$76 million$1.3 billion
89 · Ships and boats$73 million$172 million
35 · Glues, starches and enzymes$67 million$199 million
22 · Beverages and spirits$64 million$79 million
16 · Prepared meat and fish$51 million$181 million
49 · Books and printed matter$47 million$91 million
51 · Wool$46 million$48 million
82 · Tools and cutlery$46 million$180 million
64 · Footwear$45 million$144 million
97 · Art and antiques$33 million$2 million
96 · Other manufactured goods$26 million$156 million
58 · Special fabrics and lace$26 million$83 million
06 · Live plants and flowers$22 million$22 million
01 · Live animals$20 million$387 million
88 · Aircraft and spacecraft$18 million$1.1 billion
02 · Meat and offal$17 million$1.2 billion
83 · Miscellaneous metal goods$15 million$411 million
13 · Gums and plant extracts$14 million$34 million
95 · Toys and sports gear$11 million$129 million
59 · Coated and technical textiles$7 million$122 million
42 · Leather goods and bags$7 million$64 million
86 · Railway equipment$7 million$257 million
78 · Lead$6 million$14 million
46 · Wicker and basketware$4 million$861 thousand
14 · Other plant products$4 million$7 million
79 · Zinc$3 million$105 million
65 · Hats$2 million$8 million
75 · Nickel$2 million$17 million
92 · Musical instruments$795 thousand$2 million
81 · Other base metals$655 thousand$15 million
45 · Cork$558 thousand$2 million
91 · Watches and clocks$552 thousand$45 million
37 · Photographic goods$469 thousand$36 million
47 · Wood pulp$387 thousand$418 million
66 · Umbrellas and canes$261 thousand$2 million
43 · Fur and fur goods$232 thousand$290 thousand
80 · Tin$175 thousand$9 million
50 · Silk$78 thousand$2 million
67 · Feathers and artificial flowers$54 thousand$6 million

Trading partners

Its main destination is Saudi Arabia (14.3% of exports) and its main source is China (16.6% of imports).

Who it sells to

PartnerValue (USD billions)ShareMode
Saudi Arabia7.814.3%Sea
Turkey4.68.5%Sea
United Arab Emirates3.36%Air
United States2.85.2%Sea
Italy2.64.8%Sea
Libya1.93.6%Land
United Kingdom1.93.4%Sea
Spain1.73.1%Sea
Germany1.63%Sea
Morocco1.42.5%Sea

Who it buys from

PartnerValue (USD billions)ShareMode
China16.316.6%Sea
Saudi Arabia8.28.3%Sea
United States7.57.6%Sea
Russia66.1%Sea
Brazil4.14.2%Sea
Germany4.14.1%Sea
Turkey4.14.1%Sea
India3.33.4%Sea
Italy3.13.2%Sea
Israel2.93%Land

Overview 1995–2024

In 2024, Egypt accounted for 0.24% of world exports, compared with 0.13% in 1995.

Exports and imports

Exports grew 8.3-fold since 1995

USD billions (current). Bars: trade balance (green surplus, red deficit).

  • Exports 54.6
  • Imports 98.4
  • Balance -43.8

Source: CEPII BACI

Show the numbers
YearExportsImportsTrade balance
1995$6.5 billion$16.1 billion-$9.6 billion
1996$6.9 billion$17.4 billion-$10.5 billion
1997$7 billion$20 billion-$13 billion
1998$5.9 billion$21.3 billion-$15.4 billion
1999$5.9 billion$20.5 billion-$14.6 billion
2000$6.9 billion$19.8 billion-$13 billion
2001$6.6 billion$18.5 billion-$11.9 billion
2002$7.8 billion$17.4 billion-$9.7 billion
2003$9.8 billion$17.1 billion-$7.2 billion
2004$12.9 billion$22 billion-$9.1 billion
2005$16.3 billion$28.3 billion-$12 billion
2006$22.8 billion$32 billion-$9.2 billion
2007$26.1 billion$41.2 billion-$15.2 billion
2008$36.8 billion$64.7 billion-$27.9 billion
2009$30.3 billion$56 billion-$25.7 billion
2010$34.6 billion$65.6 billion-$31 billion
2011$41.8 billion$74.3 billion-$32.5 billion
2012$37.3 billion$80.1 billion-$42.8 billion
2013$36.9 billion$72.5 billion-$35.5 billion
2014$34.3 billion$87.7 billion-$53.3 billion
2015$28.8 billion$77.9 billion-$49 billion
2016$29.2 billion$76.5 billion-$47.3 billion
2017$33.2 billion$77.3 billion-$44.1 billion
2018$37.6 billion$92 billion-$54.4 billion
2019$38.8 billion$86.8 billion-$48 billion
2020$36.5 billion$79.8 billion-$43.4 billion
2021$49.5 billion$98.2 billion-$48.7 billion
2022$60.3 billion$99.9 billion-$39.6 billion
2023$51.9 billion$89 billion-$37.1 billion
2024$54.6 billion$98.4 billion-$43.8 billion

World rank

Egypt rose from 57th to 56th among the world's exporters

Rank among 222 countries by export value (1st at the top).

  • 57th in 1995
  • 56th in 2024

Source: CEPII BACI

Show the numbers
YearRank
199557th
199660th
199761st
199866th
199966th
200070th
200169th
200269th
200366th
200467th
200565th
200661st
200761st
200858th
200958th
201059th
201159th
201262nd
201361st
201461st
201562nd
201663rd
201761st
201861st
201958th
202056th
202156th
202256th
202358th
202456th

What it sells

Its top export group is still oil, gas and coal: 20% in 2024

% of exports by Harmonized System chapter.

  • Other 45%
  • Vegetables 4%
  • Fertilizers 5%
  • Iron and steel 5%
  • Plastics 5%
  • Fruit and nuts 5%
  • Electrical and electronic equipment 6%
  • Gems and precious metals 6%
  • Oil, gas and coal 20%

Source: CEPII BACI

Show the numbers
Chapter19952024
Oil, gas and coal47.1%19.9%
Gems and precious metals0.19%6.2%
Electrical and electronic equipment0.5%5.8%
Fruit and nuts1.2%5.4%
Plastics0.7%4.7%
Iron and steel4.2%4.6%
Fertilizers1.4%4.6%
Vegetables4.3%4%
Other40.6%44.7%

Who it trades with

The United States went from 16% to 7% of Egypt's trade

% of total trade (exports + imports) with each partner.

  • China 11%
  • Saudi Arabia 10%
  • United States 7%
  • Turkey 6%
  • Russia 4%

Source: CEPII BACI

Show the numbers
Partner19952024
China1.9%11.1%
Saudi Arabia2.4%10.5%
United States16%6.8%
Turkey2.2%5.7%
Russia1.9%4.3%

Production hubs

Largest industrial emission sources (Climate TRACE, 2025)

  • Western Desert basinOil and gas · 10.1 Mt CO₂e
  • Cairo West II power plantPower · 6.6 Mt CO₂e
  • South Helwan power stationPower · 6.4 Mt CO₂e
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Largest economic production hubs (gridded GDP, 2024)

  • Cairo$708.3 billion (PPP, 2021 dollars)
  • El Mansura$263.6 billion (PPP, 2021 dollars)
  • Alexandria$252.8 billion (PPP, 2021 dollars)
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Sources and methodology

Sources and licenses

Methodology

Goods trade from CEPII BACI (BACI_HS92_V202601), in current US dollars, with exports and imports reconciled between countries. The transport mode is our own estimate based on value per kilo and geography. Ranks are computed among the countries with data each year. Services are not included. Data up to 2024.

Neighboring countries

Main partners

See all countries