Wheat: top exporters and importers (2024)

1. Russia$9.2 billion · 16.1%
   see destinations
2. Canada$7.8 billion · 13.7%
   see destinations
3. United States$6.5 billion · 11.5%
   see destinations
4. Australia$5.5 billion · 9.6%
   see destinations
5. Ukraine$4.6 billion · 8.1%
   see destinations
6. France$4.3 billion · 7.5%
   see destinations
7. Romania$2.4 billion · 4.2%
   see destinations
8. Argentina$2 billion · 3.6%
   see destinations
9. Germany$1.8 billion · 3.2%
   see destinations
10. Poland$1.6 billion · 2.9%
    see destinations
11. Bulgaria$1.4 billion · 2.5%
12. Lithuania$1.2 billion · 2.1%
13. Kazakhstan$1.1 billion · 2%
14. Czechia$955 million · 1.7%
15. Hungary$830 million · 1.5%
16. Latvia$805 million · 1.4%
17. Brazil$640 million · 1.1%
18. Turkey$590 million · 1%
19. Serbia$330 million · 0.58%
20. Slovakia$326 million · 0.57%

Russia went from 0.02% to 16.1% of world exports of wheat

In 2024, Russia accounted for 16.1% of recorded world exports and the three largest exporters together for 41.2%. HHI: 866 out of 10,000; equivalent to 12 exporters of the same size.

Share of recorded exports, not of production: a country that produces a lot and consumes almost all of it may export little

Countries where Russia sells more than half of what they buy

Countries that buy more than half of this product from its largest exporter, with its share.

• Egypt: 59.1% of its purchases · Dependence of Egypt on Russia
• Turkey: 85.7% of its purchases · Dependence of Turkey on Russia
• Kenya: 80.6% of its purchases
• Kazakhstan: 99.6% of its purchases · Dependence of Kazakhstan on Russia
• Pakistan: 67.3% of its purchases
• Tanzania: 65.5% of its purchases
• Azerbaijan: 88.7% of its purchases · Dependence of Azerbaijan on Russia
• Sri Lanka: 64.6% of its purchases
• Uganda: 85% of its purchases
• Mozambique: 52.1% of its purchases

1. Egypt$5.2 billion · 9.1%
   see sources
2. Indonesia$3.3 billion · 5.8%
   see sources
3. China$2.7 billion · 4.8%
   see sources
4. Italy$2.6 billion · 4.5%
   see sources
5. Nigeria$2.1 billion · 3.7%
   see sources
6. Philippines$1.8 billion · 3.2%
   see sources
7. Algeria$1.8 billion · 3.1%
   see sources
8. Spain$1.7 billion · 3%
   see sources
9. Morocco$1.7 billion · 3%
   see sources
10. Japan$1.7 billion · 2.9%
    see sources
11. Brazil$1.6 billion · 2.8%
    see sources
12. Germany$1.5 billion · 2.7%
    see sources
13. Turkey$1.3 billion · 2.3%
14. Mexico$1.3 billion · 2.3%
15. Saudi Arabia$1.3 billion · 2.2%
16. South Korea$1.2 billion · 2.2%
17. Vietnam$1.1 billion · 2%
18. Netherlands$1 billion · 1.8%
    re-exports
19. Thailand$956 million · 1.7%
20. Belgium$939 million · 1.7%
    re-exports

Includes meslin (a wheat and rye mix).

• 1001 · Wheat

Products in the same chapter

• Corn (maize)
• Rice
• Barley
• Sorghum
• Quinoa, millet and other cereals
• Oats

Sources and licenses

• CEPII BACI · Licence Ouverte Etalab 2.0
• Natural Earth · Public domain

Methodology

Goods trade from CEPII BACI (BACI_HS92_V202601), which reconciles what exporters and importers report: countries that stopped reporting (Russia since 2022) appear with their partners’ data. FOB values in current US dollars; tonnes when BACI reports them. The price per tonne is the value of the rows with a weight divided by that weight. The transport mode is our own estimate based on value per kilo and geography. Data up to 2024.

Hong Kong, Singapore, the Netherlands and Belgium re-export goods from other countries: their figures include transit.