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Pakistan trade in 2024

In 2024, Pakistan exported $36.9 billion and imported $60.8 billion, a trade deficit of $23.9 billion. It was the world's 67th-largest exporter, with 0.16% of world exports. Its top export was bed, table and kitchen linen (12.6% of the total) and its main trading partner was China (20.9% of its trade).

Summary

Exports
$36.9billion
Imports
$60.8billion
Trade balance
-$23.9billion
Routes to the main partners. Width: trade value; color: estimated transport mode.SeaAirLand
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Products

What it exports

Bed, table and kitchen linen (12.6%) and rice (10.6%) together make up 23.2% of its exports.

  1. Bed, table and kitchen linen$4.6 billion · 12.6%
    Main partner: United States
  2. Rice$3.9 billion · 10.6%
    Main partner: Indonesia
  3. Men's suits and trousers$2.6 billion · 7%
    Main partner: Germany
  4. Sweaters and pullovers$1.7 billion · 4.7%
    Main partner: United States
  5. Women's suits and dresses$1.7 billion · 4.7%
    Main partner: United States
  6. Heavy cotton fabric$843 million · 2.3%
    Main partner: Bangladesh
  7. Socks and tights$747 million · 2%
    Main partner: United States
  8. Cotton yarn$728 million · 2%
    Main partner: China
  9. T-shirts$725 million · 2%
    Main partner: United States
  10. Leather clothing$701 million · 1.9%
    Main partner: United States

What it imports

Refined petroleum (10.5%) and crude petroleum (9.4%) together make up 19.9% of its imports.

  1. Refined petroleum$6.4 billion · 10.5%
    Main partner: United Arab Emirates
  2. Crude petroleum$5.7 billion · 9.4%
    Main partner: Saudi Arabia
  3. Natural gas and LPG$4.9 billion · 8.1%
    Main partner: Qatar
  4. Palm oil$2.7 billion · 4.5%
    Main partner: Indonesia
  5. Diodes, transistors and solar cells$2.2 billion · 3.6%
    Main partner: China
  6. Cameras and broadcast equipment$2.1 billion · 3.4%
    Main partner: China
  7. Ferrous scrap$1.3 billion · 2.2%
    Main partner: United Kingdom
  8. Raw cotton$1.3 billion · 2.2%
    Main partner: Brazil
  9. Cars$1.1 billion · 1.9%
    Main partner: Japan
  10. Dried legumes (beans, lentils, peas)$971 million · 1.6%
    Main partner: Russia
By Harmonized System chapter (96)
ChapterExportsImports
61 · Knitted clothing$5.8 billion$120 million
63 · Home textiles and used clothing$5.6 billion$291 million
62 · Woven clothing$5 billion$83 million
10 · Cereals$4.2 billion$727 million
52 · Cotton$2.8 billion$1.8 billion
74 · Copper$999 million$300 million
27 · Oil, gas and coal$851 million$18 billion
42 · Leather goods and bags$816 million$33 million
25 · Salt, stone and cement$609 million$136 million
90 · Precision and medical instruments$587 million$820 million
02 · Meat and offal$546 million$2 million
17 · Sugar and sweets$538 million$146 million
39 · Plastics$537 million$2.6 billion
30 · Pharmaceuticals$530 million$925 million
95 · Toys and sports gear$475 million$54 million
03 · Fish and seafood$469 million$5 million
55 · Synthetic staple fibers$468 million$662 million
22 · Beverages and spirits$456 million$8 million
07 · Vegetables$443 million$1.2 billion
12 · Oilseeds and grains$402 million$1.2 billion
26 · Ores and slag$374 million$9 million
08 · Fruit and nuts$359 million$233 million
94 · Furniture and lighting$315 million$125 million
84 · Mechanical machinery$246 million$3.5 billion
64 · Footwear$239 million$56 million
72 · Iron and steel$165 million$2.9 billion
76 · Aluminum$155 million$377 million
19 · Baked goods and cereal products$155 million$112 million
41 · Hides and leather$152 million$50 million
40 · Rubber$137 million$521 million
09 · Coffee, tea and spices$129 million$850 million
82 · Tools and cutlery$120 million$95 million
85 · Electrical and electronic equipment$120 million$6.4 billion
21 · Food preparations$119 million$123 million
24 · Tobacco$109 million$11 million
48 · Paper and paperboard$99 million$553 million
57 · Carpets and rugs$99 million$14 million
20 · Preserved fruit and vegetables$97 million$36 million
87 · Vehicles$91 million$1.8 billion
28 · Inorganic chemicals$87 million$724 million
54 · Synthetic filaments$84 million$971 million
16 · Prepared meat and fish$83 million$4 million
05 · Other animal products$73 million$7 million
73 · Iron and steel products$71 million$402 million
11 · Milling products and malt$66 million$13 million
04 · Dairy, eggs and honey$63 million$64 million
33 · Perfumes and cosmetics$57 million$195 million
23 · Animal feed and food waste$56 million$304 million
44 · Wood$55 million$130 million
60 · Knitted fabric$54 million$382 million
88 · Aircraft and spacecraft$53 million$423 million
78 · Lead$51 million$133 million
71 · Gems and precious metals$49 million$66 million
34 · Soap and cleaning products$48 million$171 million
15 · Fats and oils$43 million$3 billion
13 · Gums and plant extracts$42 million$21 million
58 · Special fabrics and lace$42 million$152 million
32 · Dyes, paints and tanning agents$39 million$540 million
38 · Miscellaneous chemicals$38 million$694 million
70 · Glass$37 million$146 million
35 · Glues, starches and enzymes$31 million$90 million
93 · Weapons and ammunition$28 million$34 million
29 · Organic chemicals$26 million$2.7 billion
96 · Other manufactured goods$22 million$189 million
68 · Stone, plaster and cement articles$21 million$60 million
65 · Hats$20 million$5 million
56 · Felt, nonwovens and rope$20 million$112 million
36 · Explosives and matches$19 million$4 million
59 · Coated and technical textiles$17 million$111 million
69 · Ceramics$12 million$101 million
53 · Other plant fibers$12 million$37 million
31 · Fertilizers$9 million$777 million
49 · Books and printed matter$9 million$38 million
83 · Miscellaneous metal goods$8 million$149 million
14 · Other plant products$6 million$32 million
92 · Musical instruments$5 million$758 thousand
97 · Art and antiques$5 million$268 thousand
81 · Other base metals$4 million$23 million
67 · Feathers and artificial flowers$4 million$9 million
06 · Live plants and flowers$4 million$2 million
51 · Wool$3 million$14 million
01 · Live animals$3 million$18 million
18 · Cocoa and chocolate$3 million$69 million
79 · Zinc$2 million$53 million
46 · Wicker and basketware$2 million$384 thousand
75 · Nickel$2 million$20 million
91 · Watches and clocks$1 million$29 million
47 · Wood pulp$990 thousand$193 million
43 · Fur and fur goods$888 thousand$2 million
66 · Umbrellas and canes$687 thousand$7 million
89 · Ships and boats$530 thousand$255 million
50 · Silk$207 thousand$23 million
86 · Railway equipment$174 thousand$54 million
45 · Cork$152 thousand$526 thousand
37 · Photographic goods$51 thousand$36 million
80 · Tin$33 thousand$9 million

Trading partners

Its main destination is the United States (14.9% of exports) and its main source is China (29% of imports).

Who it sells to

PartnerValue (USD billions)ShareMode
United States5.514.9%Sea
China2.87.6%Land
Germany2.67.2%Sea
United Kingdom2.36.3%Sea
United Arab Emirates1.84.8%Sea
Spain1.64.3%Sea
Afghanistan1.54.1%Land
France1.43.9%Sea
Italy1.13%Sea
Netherlands12.8%Sea

Who it buys from

PartnerValue (USD billions)ShareMode
China17.629%Land
United Arab Emirates5.79.3%Sea
Saudi Arabia4.47.3%Sea
Qatar3.86.3%Sea
Indonesia3.25.3%Sea
Kuwait2.13.4%Sea
United States1.52.5%Sea
Singapore1.32.1%Sea
Japan1.22%Sea
Oman1.22%Sea

Overview 1995–2024

In 2024, Pakistan accounted for 0.16% of world exports, compared with 0.14% in 1995.

Exports and imports

Exports grew 5-fold since 1995

USD billions (current). Bars: trade balance (green surplus, red deficit).

  • Exports 36.9
  • Imports 60.8
  • Balance -23.9

Source: CEPII BACI

Show the numbers
YearExportsImportsTrade balance
1995$7.3 billion$8.2 billion-$941 million
1996$7.8 billion$8.4 billion-$652 million
1997$7.5 billion$7.3 billion$226 million
1998$7.8 billion$6.6 billion$1.1 billion
1999$7.3 billion$6.2 billion$1.1 billion
2000$8.3 billion$6.8 billion$1.5 billion
2001$8.8 billion$6.6 billion$2.2 billion
2002$9 billion$8.1 billion$878 million
2003$13.7 billion$14.9 billion-$1.2 billion
2004$15.4 billion$18.9 billion-$3.5 billion
2005$16.5 billion$28 billion-$11.5 billion
2006$18.6 billion$33.2 billion-$14.6 billion
2007$20 billion$35.1 billion-$15.1 billion
2008$24.1 billion$46.2 billion-$22.1 billion
2009$20.8 billion$35.2 billion-$14.4 billion
2010$24.7 billion$41.6 billion-$16.9 billion
2011$30.5 billion$47.6 billion-$17.1 billion
2012$29.8 billion$47.5 billion-$17.7 billion
2013$29 billion$47.4 billion-$18.5 billion
2014$29.8 billion$51.3 billion-$21.4 billion
2015$27.2 billion$48.4 billion-$21.1 billion
2016$25.6 billion$51.2 billion-$25.6 billion
2017$27.6 billion$61.1 billion-$33.5 billion
2018$29.7 billion$63.6 billion-$34 billion
2019$29.3 billion$53.8 billion-$24.5 billion
2020$26.2 billion$49.9 billion-$23.7 billion
2021$33.7 billion$78.8 billion-$45.1 billion
2022$39.8 billion$74.2 billion-$34.4 billion
2023$37 billion$56.8 billion-$19.8 billion
2024$36.9 billion$60.8 billion-$23.9 billion

World rank

Pakistan fell from 56th to 67th among the world's exporters

Rank among 222 countries by export value (1st at the top).

  • 56th in 1995
  • 67th in 2024

Source: CEPII BACI

Show the numbers
YearRank
199556th
199657th
199759th
199857th
199960th
200062nd
200162nd
200263rd
200359th
200460th
200563rd
200666th
200766th
200867th
200965th
201066th
201164th
201265th
201367th
201467th
201566th
201666th
201767th
201869th
201968th
202066th
202167th
202268th
202367th
202467th

What it sells

Knitted clothing became its top export group: from 10% to 16%

% of exports by Harmonized System chapter.

  • Other 29%
  • Leather goods and bags 2%
  • Oil, gas and coal 2%
  • Copper 3%
  • Cotton 8%
  • Cereals 11%
  • Woven clothing 14%
  • Home textiles and used clothing 15%
  • Knitted clothing 16%

Source: CEPII BACI

Show the numbers
Chapter19952024
Knitted clothing10.3%15.6%
Home textiles and used clothing9%15.2%
Woven clothing7.3%13.6%
Cereals3.5%11.4%
Cotton34.4%7.5%
Copper0.1%2.7%
Oil, gas and coal0.51%2.3%
Leather goods and bags5.8%2.2%
Other29.1%29.4%

Who it trades with

China went from 5% to 21% of Pakistan's trade

% of total trade (exports + imports) with each partner.

  • China 21%
  • United Arab Emirates 8%
  • United States 7%
  • Saudi Arabia 5%
  • Qatar 4%

Source: CEPII BACI

Show the numbers
Partner19952024
China5.4%20.9%
United Arab Emirates0%7.6%
United States14.1%7.2%
Saudi Arabia1.9%5.4%
Qatar0%4.1%

Production hubs

Largest industrial emission sources (Climate TRACE, 2025)

  • Indus basinOil and gas · 13.2 Mt CO₂e
  • Sulaiman Foldbelt basinOil and gas · 6.7 Mt CO₂e
  • Lucky Cement Pezu Cement PlantCement · 6.5 Mt CO₂e
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Largest economic production hubs (gridded GDP, 2024)

  • Lahore$221.5 billion (PPP, 2021 dollars)
  • Karachi$159.5 billion (PPP, 2021 dollars)
  • Jammu$95.8 billion (PPP, 2021 dollars)
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Sources and methodology

Sources and licenses

Methodology

Goods trade from CEPII BACI (BACI_HS92_V202601), in current US dollars, with exports and imports reconciled between countries. The transport mode is our own estimate based on value per kilo and geography. Ranks are computed among the countries with data each year. Services are not included. Data up to 2024.

Neighboring countries

Main partners

See all countries