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Coal: top exporters and importers (2024)

In 2024, world trade in coal totaled $177.2 billion (1,421.8 million tonnes). The top exporters were Australia (33%), Indonesia (20%) and Russia (13%); the top importers were China (22%), India (18%) and Japan (15%). Compared with 2019, the value rose 30%.

Summary

World trade
$177.2billion
Tonnes
1,421.8million tonnes
Price per tonne
$125
The largest flows between countries. Width: value; color: estimated transport mode.SeaAirLand

Top exporters

  1. Australia$59.3 billion · 33.5%
    see destinations
  2. Indonesia$35.3 billion · 19.9%
    see destinations
  3. Russia$22.4 billion · 12.7%
    see destinations
  4. United States$18.8 billion · 10.6%
    see destinations
  5. Mongolia$8.3 billion · 4.7%
  6. Canada$8 billion · 4.5%
    see destinations
  7. South Africa$7.3 billion · 4.1%
    see destinations
  8. Colombia$7.2 billion · 4.1%
    see destinations
  9. Mozambique$3 billion · 1.7%
    see destinations
  10. Kazakhstan$1.2 billion · 0.69%
  11. China$867 million · 0.49%
  12. Poland$799 million · 0.45%
  13. Philippines$577 million · 0.33%
  14. Netherlands$569 million · 0.32%
    re-exports
  15. Czechia$303 million · 0.17%
  16. New Zealand$275 million · 0.16%
  17. Peru$256 million · 0.14%
  18. Tanzania$243 million · 0.14%
  19. Vietnam$235 million · 0.13%
  20. India$232 million · 0.13%

Top importers

  1. China$39.7 billion · 22.4%
    see sources
  2. India$31.9 billion · 18%
    see sources
  3. Japan$26.2 billion · 14.8%
    see sources
  4. South Korea$15.5 billion · 8.7%
    see sources
  5. Taiwan$9.2 billion · 5.2%
    see sources
  6. Vietnam$5 billion · 2.8%
    see sources
  7. Turkey$4.8 billion · 2.7%
    see sources
  8. Malaysia$4.6 billion · 2.6%
    see sources
  9. Germany$4.3 billion · 2.4%
    see sources
  10. Indonesia$3.6 billion · 2%
    see sources
  11. Brazil$3.4 billion · 1.9%
    see sources
  12. Philippines$3.3 billion · 1.8%
    see sources
  13. Netherlands$2.4 billion · 1.4%
    re-exports · see sources
  14. Morocco$1.7 billion · 0.95%
    see sources
  15. Thailand$1.6 billion · 0.88%
    see sources
  16. Poland$1.2 billion · 0.67%
  17. France$1.2 billion · 0.65%
  18. Bangladesh$1.1 billion · 0.64%
  19. Belgium$808 million · 0.46%
    re-exports
  20. Spain$804 million · 0.45%

Trend

Who sells it

Australia was the top exporter throughout the period

Value in USD billions. The five largest exporters in 2024.

  • Australia 59.3
  • Indonesia 35.3
  • Russia 22.4
  • United States 18.8
  • Mongolia 8.3

Source: CEPII BACI

Show the numbers
Country19952024
Australia7.159.3
Indonesia1.335.3
Russia0.7222.4
United States4.418.8
Mongolia< 0.018.3

Price

Implied price

The price per tonne rose 158% since 1995

Current US dollars per tonne: value over the weight reported by BACI.

  • 2024: $125

Source: CEPII BACI

Show the numbers
YearUSD per tonne
1995$48
1996$48
1997$51
1998$47
1999$38
2000$35
2001$41
2002$40
2003$39
2004$59
2005$70
2006$69
2007$72
2008$114
2009$99
2010$109
2011$129
2012$113
2013$95
2014$91
2015$71
2016$70
2017$94
2018$102
2019$69
2020$63
2021$109
2022$213
2023$159
2024$125

What it includes

Hard coal and briquettes; excludes lignite and coke.

  • 2701 · Coal

Products in the same chapter

Sources and methodology

Sources and licenses

Methodology

Goods trade from CEPII BACI (BACI_HS92_V202601), which reconciles what exporters and importers report: countries that stopped reporting (Russia since 2022) appear with their partners’ data. FOB values in current US dollars; tonnes when BACI reports them. The price per tonne is the value of the rows with a weight divided by that weight. The transport mode is our own estimate based on value per kilo and geography. Data up to 2024.

Hong Kong, Singapore, the Netherlands and Belgium re-export goods from other countries: their figures include transit.

See all products