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Who does Israel rely on?

The largest supplier of Israel in 2024 is China, with 14.1% of what Israel buys. Its share was 13.9% in 2019 and 0.68% in 1995. 276 of the 950 products Israel buys for more than $1 million have a supplier selling more than 50% of what Israel buys of that product; in 74, more than 75%. In those products, purchases from each one’s dominant supplier add up to 11.8% of what Israel buys.

Summary

Largest supplier: China
14.1%
Concentration (HHI)
576
Products with a supplier above 50%
276
Products with a supplier above 75%
74

Concentration index (HHI): 576 out of 10,000; equivalent to splitting purchases among 17 suppliers of the same size

Trend

Trend in shares

China went from 0.68% to 14.1% of what Israel buys

Share (%)

  • China 14.1%
  • United States 12.6%
  • Germany 7.5%
  • Switzerland 5.1%
  • Netherlands 4.4%

Source: CEPII BACI

Show the numbers
YearLargest supplierShare
1995United States19.2%
1996United States21.2%
1997United States20.6%
1998United States21.8%
1999United States22%
2000United States20%
2001United States21.7%
2002United States19.4%
2003United States17.1%
2004United States16.1%
2005United States14.6%
2006United States13.7%
2007United States20.6%
2008United States12.9%
2009United States13.4%
2010United States12.4%
2011United States13.1%
2012United States14.2%
2013United States12.8%
2014United States12.7%
2015United States13.9%
2016United States12.1%
2017United States11.3%
2018China13.2%
2019United States17%
2020United States11.6%
2021China11.3%
2022China12.1%
2023China17.4%
2024China14.1%

Its suppliers

  1. China$12.1 billion · 14.1%
  2. United States$10.8 billion · 12.6%
  3. Germany$6.4 billion · 7.5%
  4. Switzerland$4.3 billion · 5.1%
  5. Netherlands$3.8 billion · 4.4%
  6. Italy$3.5 billion · 4.1%
  7. United Arab Emirates$2.8 billion · 3.2%
  8. Hong Kong$2.7 billion · 3.2%
  9. Belgium$2.7 billion · 3.2%
  10. United Kingdom$2.6 billion · 3.1%

Some of these goods may have been produced in another country: countries record origin in different ways.

Products with a dominant supplier

Of the 950 products Israel buys for more than $1 million in 2024, these are the highest-value ones with a dominant supplier.

ProductSupplierShareSecondValue
Bombs, missiles and ammunitionUnited States96.2%over 75%Romania · 1.8%$1.5 billion
Crude petroleumAzerbaijan58.5%Brazil · 17.7%$1.2 billion
Aircraft partsUnited States62.3%South Korea · 7.8%$673 million
Steel wire rodUnited Arab Emirates55.6%Thailand · 27.6%$633 million
BatteriesChina60.4%Germany · 5.4%$550 million
BusesChina54.2%Spain · 11.2%$422 million
Air conditionersChina55.2%Singapore · 19.5%$409 million
Self-propelled trains and tramsGermany64.1%Spain · 21%$373 million
New tiresChina55.4%Netherlands · 7.8%$345 million
CoalColombia68.2%South Africa · 22.1%$330 million
Cigarettes and cigarsSwitzerland63.9%Serbia · 11.7%$330 million
Cargo and cruise shipsSingapore60%Cyprus · 20.4%$313 million
Coated flat steelHong Kong54.4%China · 20.4%$290 million
Lamps and light fittingsChina61.5%Italy · 8.5%$270 million
Armored vehiclesUnited States93.4%over 75%Romania · 5.6%$235 million
Large-diameter steel pipesGreece93.6%over 75%China · 2%$231 million
GemstonesBrazil56.4%Thailand · 9.4%$213 million
Developed photographic plates and filmUnited States73.9%Ireland · 24.7%$191 million
Fragrance mixturesIreland50.9%Germany · 12.4%$189 million
Ethers and organic peroxidesFrance59.2%Italy · 6.4%$187 million
Passenger rail coachesGermany100%over 75%—$155 million
PlywoodChina68.8%Russia · 13.3%$154 million
Other nuts (almonds, walnuts)United States71.5%China · 7.3%$144 million
Shipping containersItaly79.6%over 75%United States · 9.7%$136 million
GoldItaly67.5%Germany · 8.3%$131 million

and 251 more

A product has a dominant supplier when a single country sells more than 50% of what is bought of it; we flag it separately above 75%.

Some of these goods may have been produced in another country: countries record origin in different ways.

Countries that sell more than 50% of some product; the darker, the higher the value of those products.

Selling: who it relies on

Largest customer: United States
31.2%
Concentration (HHI)
1,217

Concentration index (HHI): 1,217 out of 10,000; equivalent to splitting sales among 8 customers of the same size

Trend in shares

China went from 0.78% to 10.2% of what Israel sells

Share (%)

  • United States 31.2%
  • China 10.2%
  • Ireland 6.1%
  • Egypt 4.3%
  • Germany 4.2%

Source: CEPII BACI

Show the numbers
YearLargest customerShare
1995United States30.1%
1996United States30.8%
1997United States31.9%
1998United States34.9%
1999United States36.7%
2000United States38.8%
2001United States38.6%
2002United States40.6%
2003United States39.8%
2004United States37.7%
2005United States38.3%
2006United States39.7%
2007United States35.5%
2008United States34%
2009United States35.6%
2010United States33.5%
2011United States31.7%
2012United States32.3%
2013United States31.9%
2014United States31.8%
2015United States36.4%
2016United States36.2%
2017United States34.2%
2018United States32.7%
2019United States31.7%
2020United States27.6%
2021United States26.1%
2022United States25.3%
2023United States26.8%
2024United States31.2%

206 of the 565 products Israel sells for more than $1 million have a customer buying more than 50% of what Israel sells of that product; in 68, more than 75%. In those products, sales to each one’s dominant customer add up to 17.2% of what Israel sells.

ProductCustomerShareSecondValue
DiamondsUnited States62.4%Hong Kong · 11.2%$6.3 billion
Natural gas and LPGEgypt100%over 75%Italy · 0%$2.8 billion
Medicines in measured doses or retail packsUnited States74.4%Germany · 10.2%$2.2 billion
JewelryUnited States56.4%Hong Kong · 21.2%$402 million
Crude petroleumNetherlands92.1%over 75%Austria · 7.9%$357 million
Electron microscopesChina66.4%South Korea · 28.4%$254 million
Chlorides and bromidesUnited States53.7%Netherlands · 8.3%$239 million
GemstonesUnited States53.3%Hong Kong · 28.3%$203 million
Other knitted fabricUnited States73%Egypt · 16.8%$170 million
Monitors and projectorsUnited States57.3%France · 9.5%$165 million
Bread, biscuits and pastriesUnited States61.2%United Kingdom · 7.1%$146 million
MagnesiumUnited States64.5%Italy · 10.1%$142 million
Other pharmaceutical goodsUnited States80.8%over 75%France · 3.1%$140 million
Phenol derivativesChina64.4%Taiwan · 18.9%$140 million
Fluorine, chlorine, bromine and iodineChina69%United Kingdom · 10.7%$131 million

and 191 more

Concentration compared

The closest countries in the concentration ranking (HHI, highest first).

RankCountryHHI
197North Macedonia588
198France579
199Israel576
200Senegal575
201Egypt572
202Norway561

Sources and method

Sources and licenses

Methodology

The data come from CEPII BACI (Etalab 2.0 licence), which reconciles what the exporting and the importing country report, in current USD, FOB. Data up to 2024.

Dependence is the share of a country’s imports (or exports) that each partner accounts for. It does not measure whether a product has a substitute or how much it would cost to change supplier.

The concentration index (HHI) adds up the square of each partner’s share, in percent: it runs from 0 to 10,000. Its equivalent is 10,000 ÷ HHI, the number of partners of the same size that would give that value.

Products are HS4 headings of the 1992 nomenclature (some combine different goods), with a floor of $1 million per product and country.

The EU is the 27 current members in every year; the United Kingdom is outside the EU throughout the series.

Re-exports: countries that act as redistribution hubs carry their notice and the figures are not corrected.