globaltraffic.earth

Who does Vietnam rely on?

The largest supplier of Vietnam in 2024 is China, with 42.1% of what Vietnam buys. Its share was 30.4% in 2019 and 8.9% in 1995. 708 of the 1,063 products Vietnam buys for more than $1 million have a supplier selling more than 50% of what Vietnam buys of that product; in 328, more than 75%. In those products, purchases from each one’s dominant supplier add up to 31.6% of what Vietnam buys.

Summary

Largest supplier: China
42.1%
Concentration (HHI)
2,142
Products with a supplier above 50%
708
Products with a supplier above 75%
328

Concentration index (HHI): 2,142 out of 10,000; equivalent to splitting purchases among 5 suppliers of the same size

Trend

Trend in shares

China went from 8.9% to 42.1% of what Vietnam buys

Share (%)

  • China 42.1%
  • South Korea 15.5%
  • Hong Kong 5.2%
  • Singapore 4.5%
  • Japan 4.2%

Source: CEPII BACI

Show the numbers
YearLargest supplierShare
1995Singapore22%
1996Singapore16.8%
1997Singapore15.1%
1998Singapore14.6%
1999Singapore14%
2000Singapore16%
2001Singapore14.6%
2002Taiwan12.8%
2003China12.1%
2004China13.3%
2005China15%
2006China15.9%
2007China18.9%
2008China18.2%
2009China22.1%
2010China22.5%
2011China21.7%
2012China25.6%
2013China26.5%
2014China28.6%
2015China27.9%
2016China26.4%
2017China26.9%
2018China27.3%
2019China30.4%
2020China33.8%
2021China33.6%
2022China33.7%
2023China34.9%
2024China42.1%

Its suppliers

  1. China$158.8 billion · 42.1%
  2. South Korea$58.3 billion · 15.5%
  3. Hong Kong$19.7 billion · 5.2%
  4. Singapore$17 billion · 4.5%
  5. Japan$15.9 billion · 4.2%
  6. Taiwan$14.2 billion · 3.8%
  7. United States$12.6 billion · 3.3%
  8. Malaysia$11.8 billion · 3.1%
  9. Thailand$11.8 billion · 3.1%
  10. Indonesia$9.5 billion · 2.5%

Some of these goods may have been produced in another country: countries record origin in different ways.

Products with a dominant supplier

Of the 1,063 products Vietnam buys for more than $1 million in 2024, these are the highest-value ones with a dominant supplier.

ProductSupplierShareSecondValue
Phones and telecom equipmentChina78.4%over 75%South Korea · 13.1%$8.8 billion
Hot-rolled flat steelChina73.5%Japan · 11%$6.4 billion
Other knitted fabricChina67.5%Taiwan · 11.8%$6.2 billion
Computer and office machine partsChina57.4%Hong Kong · 13.1%$5.8 billion
BatteriesChina83.1%over 75%South Korea · 8.5%$4.9 billion
Synthetic filament fabricChina70.1%Taiwan · 10.5%$4 billion
Other industrial machinesChina54.8%South Korea · 22.8%$3.7 billion
Transformers and power suppliesChina62%Hong Kong · 13.5%$3.4 billion
Cables and wireChina62%South Korea · 14.1%$3.3 billion
CornArgentina54.9%Brazil · 37.4%$2.5 billion
Other plastic articlesChina54.7%South Korea · 11%$2.3 billion
Soybean meal and pelletsArgentina72.6%Brazil · 15.2%$2.2 billion
Plastic sheets and filmChina61.9%South Korea · 17.2%$2 billion
Plastic-coated fabricChina57.9%South Korea · 15.4%$1.9 billion
Microphones and speakersChina78.7%over 75%Hong Kong · 6.3%$1.9 billion
Stainless steel sheetIndonesia60.9%China · 21.4%$1.8 billion
RiceCambodia81.6%over 75%India · 15.6%$1.7 billion
Footwear partsChina79.2%over 75%United States · 11.5%$1.6 billion
Ferrous scrapJapan56.6%Hong Kong · 12.1%$1.6 billion
ComputersChina55.3%Malaysia · 13.3%$1.5 billion
Iron oreAustralia58.3%Malaysia · 24.1%$1.5 billion
GoldHong Kong89.5%over 75%South Korea · 5.1%$1.3 billion
Lamps and light fittingsChina96.9%over 75%South Korea · 0.58%$1.3 billion
Self-adhesive plastic sheetsChina52.2%South Korea · 28.9%$1.3 billion
Other iron or steel articlesChina64.1%South Korea · 17.1%$1.3 billion

and 683 more

A product has a dominant supplier when a single country sells more than 50% of what is bought of it; we flag it separately above 75%.

Some of these goods may have been produced in another country: countries record origin in different ways.

Countries that sell more than 50% of some product; the darker, the higher the value of those products.

Selling: who it relies on

Largest customer: United States
27.8%
Concentration (HHI)
1,253

Concentration index (HHI): 1,253 out of 10,000; equivalent to splitting sales among 8 customers of the same size

Trend in shares

Japan went from 31.7% to 5.2% of what Vietnam sells

Share (%)

  • United States 27.8%
  • China 18.6%
  • South Korea 5.6%
  • Japan 5.2%
  • Hong Kong 4.2%

Source: CEPII BACI

Show the numbers
YearLargest customerShare
1995Japan31.7%
1996Japan29.1%
1997Japan24%
1998Japan18.6%
1999Japan17.7%
2000Japan18%
2001Japan17.2%
2002United States15.2%
2003United States20.7%
2004United States18.6%
2005United States19.3%
2006United States20.7%
2007United States21.3%
2008United States19.2%
2009United States19.8%
2010United States20.1%
2011United States18%
2012United States16.5%
2013United States17.4%
2014United States19%
2015United States21.2%
2016United States20.6%
2017United States18.6%
2018United States17.6%
2019United States21.6%
2020United States23.9%
2021United States25.4%
2022United States28.9%
2023United States26.3%
2024United States27.8%

360 of the 869 products Vietnam sells for more than $1 million have a customer buying more than 50% of what Vietnam sells of that product; in 158, more than 75%. In those products, sales to each one’s dominant customer add up to 15.4% of what Vietnam sells.

ProductCustomerShareSecondValue
ComputersUnited States50.5%China · 12.7%$29.5 billion
Parts for broadcast equipmentChina60.8%Hong Kong · 18.8%$11.3 billion
FurnitureUnited States80.5%over 75%Japan · 3.6%$10.3 billion
Diodes, transistors and solar cellsUnited States73.8%China · 7.4%$7.9 billion
Seats and chairsUnited States77.1%over 75%Japan · 3.9%$7.4 billion
Other fresh fruit (berries, kiwi)China93.3%over 75%India · 1.2%$3.7 billion
Women's knitted suits and dressesUnited States51.5%Japan · 6.2%$3.3 billion
New tiresUnited States50.5%Brazil · 11.1%$3 billion
Cotton yarnChina82%over 75%South Korea · 8.3%$2 billion
Synthetic rubberChina98.6%over 75%Indonesia · 0.51%$1.9 billion
Plastic floor and wall coveringsUnited States92%over 75%Canada · 1.5%$1.9 billion
Vacuum cleanersUnited States74.5%Canada · 13%$1.9 billion
Home appliancesUnited States67.3%South Korea · 6%$1.6 billion
Copper pipesIndia53.3%South Korea · 8.4%$1.3 billion
Other knitted fabricCambodia55.7%Indonesia · 19.1%$1.2 billion

and 345 more

Concentration compared

The closest countries in the concentration ranking (HHI, highest first).

RankCountryHHI
43New Caledonia2,217
44Cayman Islands2,200
45Vietnam2,142
46Ethiopia2,135
47Belize2,121
48Cameroon2,118

Sources and method

Sources and licenses

Methodology

The data come from CEPII BACI (Etalab 2.0 licence), which reconciles what the exporting and the importing country report, in current USD, FOB. Data up to 2024.

Dependence is the share of a country’s imports (or exports) that each partner accounts for. It does not measure whether a product has a substitute or how much it would cost to change supplier.

The concentration index (HHI) adds up the square of each partner’s share, in percent: it runs from 0 to 10,000. Its equivalent is 10,000 ÷ HHI, the number of partners of the same size that would give that value.

Products are HS4 headings of the 1992 nomenclature (some combine different goods), with a floor of $1 million per product and country.

The EU is the 27 current members in every year; the United Kingdom is outside the EU throughout the series.

Re-exports: countries that act as redistribution hubs carry their notice and the figures are not corrected.