How dependent is Vietnam on the United States?

A product has a dominant supplier when a single country sells more than 50% of what is bought of it; we flag it separately above 75%.

• The United States sells 46.2% of what the world exports of other nuts (almonds, walnuts); next come Turkey (10%), China (5.7%) and Australia (4.4%). The rest of the world exported 27.4 times what Vietnam buys from the United States.
• The United States sells 54.8% of what the world exports of starch, sugar and brewing residues; next come China (8.6%), Russia (4%) and Germany (3.2%). The rest of the world exported 10.2 times what Vietnam buys from the United States.
• The United States sells 45.5% of what the world exports of oilseed flours; next come Nigeria (8.4%), Netherlands (6.8%) and China (6.6%). The rest of the world exported 3.2 times what Vietnam buys from the United States.
• The United States sells 34% of what the world exports of artificial filament tow (acetate); next come Japan (19.4%), Germany (13.6%) and Belgium (9.8%). The rest of the world exported 26.1 times what Vietnam buys from the United States.
• The United States sells 4.9% of what the world exports of chocolate; next come Germany (16.2%), Belgium (11.9%) and Poland (7.5%). The rest of the world exported 660.5 times what Vietnam buys from the United States.
• The United States sells 31.8% of what the world exports of open-chain hydrocarbons; next come South Korea (14.3%), Netherlands (6.8%) and Belgium (4.4%). The rest of the world exported 346.1 times what Vietnam buys from the United States.
• The United States sells 39.3% of what the world exports of other nickel articles; next come United Kingdom (9.9%), Mexico (7.1%) and France (6.3%). The rest of the world exported 83.2 times what Vietnam buys from the United States.
• The United States sells 32.9% of what the world exports of ethyl alcohol (ethanol); next come Brazil (12.5%), Netherlands (11.5%) and Belgium (6.2%). The rest of the world exported 588 times what Vietnam buys from the United States.
• The United States sells 10.6% of what the world exports of gallium, germanium, chromium and other metals; next come China (27.5%), Brazil (13.7%) and Germany (8.9%). The rest of the world exported 218.3 times what Vietnam buys from the United States.
• The United States sells 6.7% of what the world exports of iron and nonalloy steel ingots; next come India (37.4%), China (6.6%) and Italy (6.4%). The rest of the world exported 55.9 times what Vietnam buys from the United States.

Exports from the rest of the world already have buyers; the figure shows scale, not availability.

Vietnam is the United States’ 30th-largest customer, with 0.68% of its exports.

• Trade between Vietnam and the United States
• Who does Vietnam rely on?
• Who does the United States rely on?
• Dependence of Vietnam on China
• Dependence of Vietnam on Argentina
• Dependence of Vietnam on Cambodia
• Dependence of Vietnam on Indonesia
• Dependence of Vietnam on Hong Kong
• Dependence of Vietnam on Australia
• Dependence of Vietnam on India
• Dependence of Vietnam on Japan
• Dependence of Vietnam on South Korea
• Dependence of Vietnam on Thailand
• Dependence of Vietnam on Singapore
• Dependence of Vietnam on Germany
• Trade profile of Vietnam
• Trade profile of the United States
• All countries

Sources and licenses

• CEPII BACI · Licence Ouverte Etalab 2.0
• Natural Earth · Public domain

Methodology

The data come from CEPII BACI (Etalab 2.0 licence), which reconciles what the exporting and the importing country report, in current USD, FOB. Data up to 2024.

Dependence is the share of a country’s imports (or exports) that each partner accounts for. It does not measure whether a product has a substitute or how much it would cost to change supplier.

The concentration index (HHI) adds up the square of each partner’s share, in percent: it runs from 0 to 10,000. Its equivalent is 10,000 ÷ HHI, the number of partners of the same size that would give that value.

Products are HS4 headings of the 1992 nomenclature (some combine different goods), with a floor of $1 million per product and country.

The EU is the 27 current members in every year; the United Kingdom is outside the EU throughout the series.

Re-exports: countries that act as redistribution hubs carry their notice and the figures are not corrected.