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How dependent is Vietnam on Hong Kong?

In 2024, Hong Kong sold $19.7 billion to Vietnam, 5.2% of its imports, ranking 3rd among its suppliers. Its share was 1.1% in 2019 and 7.8% in 1995. In 4 products it sells more than 50% of what Vietnam buys of them (in 1, more than 75%); what Vietnam buys from Hong Kong in those products (dominated value) adds up to $1.2 billion, 0.33% of its imports.

Summary

Some of these goods may have been produced in another country: countries record origin in different ways.

Share of its imports
5.2%
Value imported
$19.7billion
Rank among its suppliers
3rd
Products where it sells over 50%
4
Products where it sells over 75%
1
Dominated value
$1.2billion
Share of total imports
0.3%

Trend

Trend in shares

Hong Kong went from 7.8% to 5.2% of what Vietnam buys

Share (%)

  • Hong Kong 5.2%

Source: CEPII BACI

Show the numbers
YearValue (USD millions)ShareRank
19956327.8%5
19965965.9%7
19976295.7%6
19985064.9%7
19994504.2%7
20007284%7
20016073.4%7
20029054.1%7
20031,0173.7%8
20041,0883.1%9
20051,3363.4%8
20061,5653.2%8
20072,3603.5%8
20083,1043.7%7
20092,2012.9%9
20102,5632.8%9
20113,5053%9
20123,2252.6%9
20133,1812.3%10
20144,7023%8
20155,7353.3%8
20164,3272.3%9
20173,7091.6%12
20184,0951.7%12
20192,8271.1%15
20201,8600.71%16
20213,8111.2%16
20223,0140.85%18
20233,1780.99%16
202419,7025.2%3

Products where Hong Kong sells more than half

ProductSupplierShareSecondValue
GoldHong Kong89.5%over 75%South Korea · 5.1%$1.2 billion
Parts of optical and measuring instrumentsHong Kong50.4%South Korea · 16.9%$21 million
Date, numbering and sealing stampsHong Kong74%China · 11.4%$12 million
Musical instrument parts and accessoriesHong Kong63.2%China · 18.1%$6 million

A product has a dominant supplier when a single country sells more than 50% of what is bought of it; we flag it separately above 75%.

Are there other suppliers in the world?

  • Hong Kong sells 6.4% of what the world exports of gold; next come Switzerland (19.2%), United Arab Emirates (10.6%) and Australia (6.1%). The rest of the world exported 431.2 times what Vietnam buys from Hong Kong.
  • Hong Kong sells 1.4% of what the world exports of parts of optical and measuring instruments; next come Germany (14.5%), China (14.1%) and United States (11.6%). The rest of the world exported 147.9 times what Vietnam buys from Hong Kong.
  • Hong Kong sells 4% of what the world exports of date, numbering and sealing stamps; next come China (30.2%), Austria (20.2%) and Taiwan (6.4%). The rest of the world exported 24.5 times what Vietnam buys from Hong Kong.
  • Hong Kong sells 3% of what the world exports of musical instrument parts and accessories; next come China (21.3%), United States (18.6%) and Germany (11%). The rest of the world exported 242.7 times what Vietnam buys from Hong Kong.

Exports from the rest of the world already have buyers; the figure shows scale, not availability.

Seen from Hong Kong

Vietnam is Hong Kong’s 2nd-largest customer, with 13.7% of its exports.

Sources and method

Sources and licenses

Methodology

The data come from CEPII BACI (Etalab 2.0 licence), which reconciles what the exporting and the importing country report, in current USD, FOB. Data up to 2024.

Dependence is the share of a country’s imports (or exports) that each partner accounts for. It does not measure whether a product has a substitute or how much it would cost to change supplier.

The concentration index (HHI) adds up the square of each partner’s share, in percent: it runs from 0 to 10,000. Its equivalent is 10,000 ÷ HHI, the number of partners of the same size that would give that value.

Products are HS4 headings of the 1992 nomenclature (some combine different goods), with a floor of $1 million per product and country.

The EU is the 27 current members in every year; the United Kingdom is outside the EU throughout the series.

Re-exports: countries that act as redistribution hubs carry their notice and the figures are not corrected.