How dependent is Vietnam on China?

and 519 more

A product has a dominant supplier when a single country sells more than 50% of what is bought of it; we flag it separately above 75%.

• China sells 56.2% of what the world exports of phones and telecom equipment; next come South Korea (5.6%), Taiwan (3.4%) and United States (2.6%). The rest of the world exported 3.1 times what Vietnam buys from China.
• China sells 28.1% of what the world exports of hot-rolled flat steel; next come Japan (13.9%), South Korea (9%) and Germany (4.5%). The rest of the world exported 9.9 times what Vietnam buys from China.
• China sells 50.6% of what the world exports of other knitted fabric; next come Taiwan (6.3%), Turkey (5.8%) and South Korea (5.5%). The rest of the world exported 3.2 times what Vietnam buys from China.
• China sells 50.8% of what the world exports of batteries; next come South Korea (6.1%), United States (5.4%) and Poland (5.4%). The rest of the world exported 17.7 times what Vietnam buys from China.
• China sells 30.3% of what the world exports of computer and office machine parts; next come Taiwan (15%), South Korea (7.3%) and Thailand (7.3%). The rest of the world exported 57.2 times what Vietnam buys from China.
• China sells 61.9% of what the world exports of synthetic filament fabric; next come Taiwan (4.8%), South Korea (4.5%) and India (3.3%). The rest of the world exported 3.6 times what Vietnam buys from China.
• China sells 34.6% of what the world exports of transformers and power supplies; next come Germany (7%), Mexico (4.5%) and Japan (3.9%). The rest of the world exported 45.6 times what Vietnam buys from China.
• China sells 20.3% of what the world exports of cables and wire; next come Mexico (11.1%), United States (6%) and Germany (5.3%). The rest of the world exported 61 times what Vietnam buys from China.
• China sells 11.6% of what the world exports of other industrial machines; next come Japan (16.2%), United States (12%) and Netherlands (10.6%). The rest of the world exported 102 times what Vietnam buys from China.
• China sells 45.9% of what the world exports of microphones and speakers; next come Mexico (4.5%), Germany (3.8%) and United States (3.2%). The rest of the world exported 13.6 times what Vietnam buys from China.

Exports from the rest of the world already have buyers; the figure shows scale, not availability.

Vietnam is China’s 5th-largest customer, with 4.4% of its exports.

• Trade between Vietnam and China
• Who does Vietnam rely on?
• Who does China rely on?
• Dependence of Vietnam on Argentina
• Dependence of Vietnam on Cambodia
• Dependence of Vietnam on Indonesia
• Dependence of Vietnam on Hong Kong
• Dependence of Vietnam on Australia
• Dependence of Vietnam on India
• Dependence of Vietnam on the United States
• Dependence of Vietnam on Japan
• Dependence of Vietnam on South Korea
• Dependence of Vietnam on Thailand
• Dependence of Vietnam on Singapore
• Dependence of Vietnam on Germany
• Trade profile of Vietnam
• Trade profile of China
• All countries

Sources and licenses

• CEPII BACI · Licence Ouverte Etalab 2.0
• Natural Earth · Public domain

Methodology

The data come from CEPII BACI (Etalab 2.0 licence), which reconciles what the exporting and the importing country report, in current USD, FOB. Data up to 2024.

Dependence is the share of a country’s imports (or exports) that each partner accounts for. It does not measure whether a product has a substitute or how much it would cost to change supplier.

The concentration index (HHI) adds up the square of each partner’s share, in percent: it runs from 0 to 10,000. Its equivalent is 10,000 ÷ HHI, the number of partners of the same size that would give that value.

Products are HS4 headings of the 1992 nomenclature (some combine different goods), with a floor of $1 million per product and country.

The EU is the 27 current members in every year; the United Kingdom is outside the EU throughout the series.

Re-exports: countries that act as redistribution hubs carry their notice and the figures are not corrected.