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How dependent is Vietnam on Singapore?

In 2024, Singapore sold $17 billion to Vietnam, 4.5% of its imports, ranking 4th among its suppliers. Its share was 2.2% in 2019 and 22% in 1995. In 5 products it sells more than 50% of what Vietnam buys of them (in 1, more than 75%); what Vietnam buys from Singapore in those products (dominated value) adds up to $817 million, 0.22% of its imports.

Summary

Some of these goods may have been produced in another country: countries record origin in different ways.

Share of its imports
4.5%
Value imported
$17billion
Rank among its suppliers
4th
Products where it sells over 50%
5
Products where it sells over 75%
1
Dominated value
$817million
Share of total imports
0.2%

Trend

Trend in shares

Singapore went from 22% to 4.5% of what Vietnam buys

Share (%)

  • Singapore 4.5%

Source: CEPII BACI

Show the numbers
YearValue (USD millions)ShareRank
19951,77522%1
19961,70416.8%1
19971,65915.1%1
19981,50414.6%1
19991,48814%1
20002,94416%1
20012,62014.6%1
20022,76012.4%2
20032,95110.6%4
20043,69510.6%4
20054,43211.2%3
20066,34012.9%2
20077,63911.3%2
20089,43311.1%2
20094,7496.3%6
20104,7705.1%6
20117,0626.1%5
20128,1076.6%5
20136,4964.6%6
20147,8685%5
20157,4574.3%7
20165,8983.2%7
20176,6722.9%7
20185,8972.4%8
20195,6332.2%9
20204,8941.9%9
20215,8511.8%11
20226,3271.8%12
20236,1231.9%10
202417,0494.5%4

Products where Singapore sells more than half

ProductSupplierShareSecondValue
Fragrance mixturesSingapore59.1%Indonesia · 12.5%$403 million
SpiritsSingapore59.4%Hong Kong · 11.2%$255 million
Fuel and lubricant additivesSingapore64.4%China · 10.8%$81 million
Precious metal watchesSingapore86.9%over 75%Switzerland · 7%$67 million
Cigarette paperSingapore57.7%China · 21.4%$11 million

A product has a dominant supplier when a single country sells more than 50% of what is bought of it; we flag it separately above 75%.

Are there other suppliers in the world?

  • Singapore sells 6.7% of what the world exports of fragrance mixtures; next come Ireland (35.9%), France (8.2%) and United States (8.2%). The rest of the world exported 79.6 times what Vietnam buys from Singapore.
  • Singapore sells 3.1% of what the world exports of spirits; next come United Kingdom (23.5%), Mexico (14.6%) and France (14.3%). The rest of the world exported 157.4 times what Vietnam buys from Singapore.
  • Singapore sells 14% of what the world exports of fuel and lubricant additives; next come United States (21.7%), France (17.7%) and Italy (8.5%). The rest of the world exported 151.4 times what Vietnam buys from Singapore.
  • Singapore sells 3.2% of what the world exports of precious metal watches; next come Switzerland (71.1%), France (4.5%) and Germany (2.9%). The rest of the world exported 259.8 times what Vietnam buys from Singapore.
  • Singapore sells 0.6% of what the world exports of cigarette paper; next come Austria (17.8%), France (13.8%) and Germany (9.6%). The rest of the world exported 224.2 times what Vietnam buys from Singapore.

Exports from the rest of the world already have buyers; the figure shows scale, not availability.

Seen from Singapore

Vietnam is Singapore’s 6th-largest customer, with 5.1% of its exports.

Sources and method

Sources and licenses

Methodology

The data come from CEPII BACI (Etalab 2.0 licence), which reconciles what the exporting and the importing country report, in current USD, FOB. Data up to 2024.

Dependence is the share of a country’s imports (or exports) that each partner accounts for. It does not measure whether a product has a substitute or how much it would cost to change supplier.

The concentration index (HHI) adds up the square of each partner’s share, in percent: it runs from 0 to 10,000. Its equivalent is 10,000 ÷ HHI, the number of partners of the same size that would give that value.

Products are HS4 headings of the 1992 nomenclature (some combine different goods), with a floor of $1 million per product and country.

The EU is the 27 current members in every year; the United Kingdom is outside the EU throughout the series.

Re-exports: countries that act as redistribution hubs carry their notice and the figures are not corrected.