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Other iron or steel articles: top exporters and importers (2024)

In 2024, world trade in other iron or steel articles totaled $65.9 billion (15.9 million tonnes). The top exporters were China (28%), Germany (10%) and the United States (9%); the top importers were the United States (12%), Germany (8%) and Thailand (5%). Compared with 2019, the value rose 18%.

Summary

World trade
$65.9billion
Tonnes
15.9million tonnes
Price per tonne
$4,150
The largest flows between countries. Width: value; color: estimated transport mode.SeaAirLand

Top exporters

  1. China$18.6 billion · 28.2%
  2. Germany$6.4 billion · 9.7%
  3. United States$5.8 billion · 8.9%
  4. Italy$3.3 billion · 5.1%
  5. Japan$2 billion · 3%
  6. Mexico$1.9 billion · 2.9%
  7. France$1.9 billion · 2.9%
  8. Poland$1.8 billion · 2.7%
  9. South Korea$1.7 billion · 2.6%
  10. Czechia$1.6 billion · 2.4%
  11. United Kingdom$1.5 billion · 2.2%
  12. Spain$1.4 billion · 2.1%
  13. Turkey$1.2 billion · 1.9%
  14. Canada$1.2 billion · 1.8%
  15. Netherlands$1.2 billion · 1.8%
    re-exports
  16. India$1.2 billion · 1.8%
  17. Austria$888 million · 1.4%
  18. Taiwan$860 million · 1.3%
  19. Thailand$811 million · 1.2%
  20. Singapore$725 million · 1.1%
    re-exports

Top importers

  1. United States$7.8 billion · 11.9%
  2. Germany$5.4 billion · 8.2%
  3. Thailand$3.3 billion · 5.1%
  4. Mexico$3.3 billion · 5%
  5. France$2.9 billion · 4.4%
  6. China$2.3 billion · 3.6%
  7. South Korea$2.1 billion · 3.1%
  8. United Kingdom$1.7 billion · 2.6%
  9. Japan$1.6 billion · 2.5%
  10. Poland$1.6 billion · 2.4%
  11. Malaysia$1.5 billion · 2.3%
  12. Spain$1.5 billion · 2.2%
  13. Netherlands$1.4 billion · 2.2%
    re-exports
  14. Canada$1.4 billion · 2.2%
  15. Italy$1.4 billion · 2.1%
  16. Austria$1.4 billion · 2.1%
  17. Vietnam$1.3 billion · 1.9%
  18. Czechia$1.2 billion · 1.8%
  19. Australia$1.1 billion · 1.7%
  20. Romania$958 million · 1.5%

Trend

Who sells it

China has been the top exporter since 2005

Value in USD billions. The five largest exporters in 2024.

  • China 18.6
  • Germany 6.4
  • United States 5.8
  • Italy 3.3
  • Japan 2

Source: CEPII BACI

Show the numbers
Country19952024
China0.5118.6
Germany1.46.4
United States2.25.8
Italy0.873.3
Japan0.92

Price

Implied price

The price per tonne rose 35% since 1995

Current US dollars per tonne: value over the weight reported by BACI.

  • 2024: $4,150

Source: CEPII BACI

Show the numbers
YearUSD per tonne
1995$3,073
1996$2,973
1997$2,644
1998$2,865
1999$2,294
2000$2,379
2001$2,411
2002$1,865
2003$2,769
2004$2,546
2005$2,905
2006$2,875
2007$3,412
2008$4,030
2009$3,882
2010$3,762
2011$3,949
2012$3,949
2013$4,077
2014$4,056
2015$3,885
2016$3,680
2017$3,691
2018$4,043
2019$3,752
2020$3,655
2021$4,065
2022$3,692
2023$4,323
2024$4,150

What it includes

  • 7326 · Other iron or steel articles

Sources and methodology

Sources and licenses

Methodology

Goods trade from CEPII BACI (BACI_HS92_V202601), which reconciles what exporters and importers report: countries that stopped reporting (Russia since 2022) appear with their partners’ data. FOB values in current US dollars; tonnes when BACI reports them. The price per tonne is the value of the rows with a weight divided by that weight. The transport mode is our own estimate based on value per kilo and geography. Data up to 2024.

Hong Kong, Singapore, the Netherlands and Belgium re-export goods from other countries: their figures include transit.

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