Summary
- Largest supplier: Russia
- 29.1%
- Concentration (HHI)
- 1,580
- Products with a supplier above 50%
- 487
- Products with a supplier above 75%
- 185
Concentration index (HHI): 1,580 out of 10,000; equivalent to splitting purchases among 6 suppliers of the same size
Trend
Trend in shares
Russia went from 0% to 29.1% of what Kazakhstan buys
Share (%)
- Russia 29.1%
- China 25.4%
- Germany 4.7%
- Turkey 3.4%
- United States 3.4%
Source: CEPII BACI
Show the numbers
| Year | Largest supplier | Share |
|---|---|---|
| 1995 | Germany | 21.4% |
| 1996 | Russia | 60.6% |
| 1997 | Russia | 52.3% |
| 1998 | Russia | 34.4% |
| 1999 | Russia | 35.8% |
| 2000 | Russia | 45.4% |
| 2001 | Russia | 41.2% |
| 2002 | Russia | 34.6% |
| 2003 | Russia | 36.7% |
| 2004 | Russia | 34.8% |
| 2005 | Russia | 36.1% |
| 2006 | Russia | 36.6% |
| 2007 | Russia | 34.1% |
| 2008 | Russia | 35.4% |
| 2009 | Russia | 30.8% |
| 2010 | Russia | 21.7% |
| 2011 | Russia | 40.9% |
| 2012 | Russia | 36.1% |
| 2013 | Russia | 34.9% |
| 2014 | Russia | 32.5% |
| 2015 | Russia | 33.1% |
| 2016 | Russia | 35.9% |
| 2017 | Russia | 38.8% |
| 2018 | Russia | 37.2% |
| 2019 | Russia | 34.4% |
| 2020 | Russia | 37.2% |
| 2021 | Russia | 40.8% |
| 2022 | Russia | 31.9% |
| 2023 | China | 28.6% |
| 2024 | Russia | 29.1% |
Its suppliers
Products with a dominant supplier
Of the 904 products Kazakhstan buys for more than $1 million in 2024, these are the highest-value ones with a dominant supplier.
| Product | Supplier | Share | Second | Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cameras and broadcast equipment | China | 53.1% | Vietnam · 22.3% | $1.6 billion |
| Natural gas and LPG | Russia | 80.7%over 75% | Turkmenistan · 19.3% | $772 million |
| Computers | China | 80.6%over 75% | Czechia · 5.8% | $765 million |
| Refined petroleum | Russia | 56.2% | Turkey · 7.5% | $603 million |
| Bulldozers and excavators | China | 57.4% | Japan · 16.5% | $583 million |
| Radioactive elements | Russia | 86.5%over 75% | China · 11.6% | $553 million |
| Gold | Russia | 100%over 75% | United Kingdom · 0% | $541 million |
| Centrifuges and filters | China | 50.2% | Russia · 10.1% | $496 million |
| Steel structures | Russia | 53.3% | China · 22.6% | $417 million |
| Semi-finished steel | Russia | 99.8%over 75% | China · 0.15% | $412 million |
| Unrefined copper | Russia | 100%over 75% | United Kingdom · 0.01% | $385 million |
| Chocolate | Russia | 55.2% | Ukraine · 12.6% | $382 million |
| Wheat | Russia | 99.6%over 75% | China · 0.27% | $381 million |
| Bed, table and kitchen linen | Russia | 66.8% | China · 26.9% | $375 million |
| Computer and office machine parts | China | 54.6% | Czechia · 7.8% | $364 million |
| Cane and beet sugar | Russia | 80.1%over 75% | Brazil · 14.5% | $346 million |
| Bread, biscuits and pastries | Russia | 70.9% | Kyrgyzstan · 5.6% | $341 million |
| Steel bars | Russia | 89%over 75% | Kyrgyzstan · 9.9% | $338 million |
| Women's suits and dresses | China | 56.5% | Turkey · 17.3% | $308 million |
| Detergents and surfactants | Russia | 52.6% | Turkey · 8.9% | $306 million |
| Electricity | Russia | 97.5%over 75% | Uzbekistan · 2.4% | $302 million |
| Railway freight cars | Russia | 90.2%over 75% | Uzbekistan · 5.3% | $298 million |
| T-shirts | China | 56% | Turkey · 14.3% | $265 million |
| Polyethylene | Russia | 61.2% | Iran · 11.4% | $257 million |
| Welded steel pipes | Russia | 92.2%over 75% | China · 3.3% | $250 million |
and 462 more
A product has a dominant supplier when a single country sells more than 50% of what is bought of it; we flag it separately above 75%.
Selling: who it relies on
- Largest customer: China
- 16.8%
- Concentration (HHI)
- 667
Concentration index (HHI): 667 out of 10,000; equivalent to splitting sales among 15 customers of the same size
Trend in shares
Russia went from 0% to 10.6% of what Kazakhstan sells
Share (%)
- China 16.8%
- Russia 10.6%
- Italy 7.7%
- United Kingdom 6.6%
- Netherlands 5.5%
Source: CEPII BACI
Show the numbers
| Year | Largest customer | Share |
|---|---|---|
| 1995 | China | 21.7% |
| 1996 | Russia | 60.2% |
| 1997 | Russia | 48.6% |
| 1998 | Russia | 26.5% |
| 1999 | Russia | 26.3% |
| 2000 | Russia | 19.2% |
| 2001 | Russia | 16.7% |
| 2002 | Bermuda | 16.4% |
| 2003 | Bermuda | 15.7% |
| 2004 | Italy | 14.9% |
| 2005 | Russia | 11.3% |
| 2006 | Russia | 11.1% |
| 2007 | China | 13.2% |
| 2008 | China | 12.4% |
| 2009 | China | 13.9% |
| 2010 | China | 18.1% |
| 2011 | China | 21% |
| 2012 | China | 20.5% |
| 2013 | China | 20.3% |
| 2014 | China | 14.3% |
| 2015 | China | 12.8% |
| 2016 | China | 12.2% |
| 2017 | China | 12.3% |
| 2018 | China | 11.8% |
| 2019 | China | 14.2% |
| 2020 | China | 20.8% |
| 2021 | China | 15.8% |
| 2022 | China | 14.6% |
| 2023 | China | 15.9% |
| 2024 | China | 16.8% |
449 of the 582 products Kazakhstan sells for more than $1 million have a customer buying more than 50% of what Kazakhstan sells of that product; in 281, more than 75%. In those products, sales to each one’s dominant customer add up to 25.4% of what Kazakhstan sells.
| Product | Customer | Share | Second | Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gold | United Kingdom | 61.6% | Switzerland · 30.8% | $8.8 billion |
| Refined copper | China | 62.4% | Turkey · 34.6% | $4.3 billion |
| Copper ore | China | 90.8%over 75% | Russia · 6.8% | $3.2 billion |
| Natural gas and LPG | China | 69.6% | Turkey · 9.5% | $1.9 billion |
| Sulfur | Morocco | 87%over 75% | Israel · 2.7% | $1 billion |
| Airplanes and helicopters | Ireland | 67.1% | Turkey · 15.2% | $931 million |
| Iron ore | China | 51.7% | Russia · 47.8% | $794 million |
| Hot-rolled flat steel | Russia | 71% | Uzbekistan · 20% | $645 million |
| Wheat flour | Afghanistan | 62.6% | Uzbekistan · 26.2% | $507 million |
| Aluminum oxide and hydroxide | Russia | 81.7%over 75% | Tajikistan · 14.9% | $459 million |
| Coated flat steel | Russia | 79.1%over 75% | Uzbekistan · 5.7% | $397 million |
| Cold-rolled flat steel | Russia | 63.3% | Uzbekistan · 21.9% | $374 million |
| Nuclear reactors and fuel | China | 98.2%over 75% | Finland · 1.8% | $362 million |
| Precious metal ore | China | 93.7%over 75% | Uzbekistan · 5.9% | $343 million |
| Zinc ore | China | 65.1% | Russia · 23.5% | $341 million |
and 434 more
Concentration compared
The closest countries in the concentration ranking (HHI, highest first).
| Rank | Country | HHI |
|---|---|---|
| 80 | Micronesia | 1,608 |
| 81 | Namibia | 1,597 |
| 82 | Kazakhstan | 1,580 |
| 83 | Sudan | 1,537 |
| 84 | Mali | 1,536 |
| 85 | Grenada | 1,526 |
Links
- Trade profile of Kazakhstan
- Trade between Kazakhstan and Austria
- Trade between Kazakhstan and Bulgaria
- Trade between Kazakhstan and China
- Trade between Kazakhstan and Czechia
- Trade between Kazakhstan and France
- Trade between Kazakhstan and Germany
- Trade between Kazakhstan and Greece
- Trade between Kazakhstan and Italy
- Trade between Kazakhstan and Japan
- Trade between Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan
- Trade between Kazakhstan and Morocco
- Trade between Kazakhstan and the Netherlands
- Trade between Kazakhstan and Poland
- Trade between Kazakhstan and Romania
- Trade between Kazakhstan and Russia
- Trade between Kazakhstan and South Korea
- Trade between Kazakhstan and Spain
- Trade between Kazakhstan and Switzerland
- Trade between Kazakhstan and Turkey
- Trade between Kazakhstan and the United Kingdom
- Trade between Kazakhstan and the United States
- Trade between Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan
- Dependence of Kazakhstan on Russia
- Dependence of Kazakhstan on China
- All countries
Sources and method
Sources and licenses
- CEPII BACI · Licence Ouverte Etalab 2.0
- Natural Earth · Public domain
Methodology
The data come from CEPII BACI (Etalab 2.0 licence), which reconciles what the exporting and the importing country report, in current USD, FOB. Data up to 2024.
Dependence is the share of a country’s imports (or exports) that each partner accounts for. It does not measure whether a product has a substitute or how much it would cost to change supplier.
The concentration index (HHI) adds up the square of each partner’s share, in percent: it runs from 0 to 10,000. Its equivalent is 10,000 ÷ HHI, the number of partners of the same size that would give that value.
Products are HS4 headings of the 1992 nomenclature (some combine different goods), with a floor of $1 million per product and country.
The EU is the 27 current members in every year; the United Kingdom is outside the EU throughout the series.
Re-exports: countries that act as redistribution hubs carry their notice and the figures are not corrected.