Summary
- Largest supplier: China
- 28.1%
- Concentration (HHI)
- 1,297
- Products with a supplier above 50%
- 359
- Products with a supplier above 75%
- 226
Concentration index (HHI): 1,297 out of 10,000; equivalent to splitting purchases among 8 suppliers of the same size
Trend
Trend in shares
China went from 6.1% to 28.1% of what Yemen buys
Share (%)
- China 28.1%
- Saudi Arabia 15.6%
- India 9.6%
- Turkey 8.3%
- Brazil 5.2%
Source: CEPII BACI
Show the numbers
| Year | Largest supplier | Share |
|---|---|---|
| 1995 | United States | 10.6% |
| 1996 | United States | 12.9% |
| 1997 | France | 19.7% |
| 1998 | United States | 8.9% |
| 1999 | United States | 8.8% |
| 2000 | United States | 9.3% |
| 2001 | China | 9.3% |
| 2002 | United States | 13.7% |
| 2003 | China | 13.2% |
| 2004 | France | 8.6% |
| 2005 | United Arab Emirates | 9.9% |
| 2006 | China | 8.6% |
| 2007 | United Arab Emirates | 11.3% |
| 2008 | United Arab Emirates | 16.1% |
| 2009 | China | 9.8% |
| 2010 | China | 10.2% |
| 2011 | United Arab Emirates | 9.4% |
| 2012 | China | 12.3% |
| 2013 | China | 14.2% |
| 2014 | China | 14% |
| 2015 | China | 14.8% |
| 2016 | China | 25.8% |
| 2017 | China | 22.4% |
| 2018 | China | 16.9% |
| 2019 | China | 20% |
| 2020 | China | 25.6% |
| 2021 | China | 21.4% |
| 2022 | China | 22.5% |
| 2023 | China | 22.4% |
| 2024 | China | 28.1% |
Its suppliers
Products with a dominant supplier
Of the 437 products Yemen buys for more than $1 million in 2024, these are the highest-value ones with a dominant supplier.
| Product | Supplier | Share | Second | Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rice | India | 67.7% | Thailand · 18.3% | $588 million |
| Wheat | Australia | 77.6%over 75% | Ukraine · 14.3% | $578 million |
| Cane and beet sugar | Brazil | 67.2% | India · 17.9% | $404 million |
| Steel bars | Turkey | 97.8%over 75% | Egypt · 1.9% | $392 million |
| Cars | Japan | 55.2% | Thailand · 26.9% | $242 million |
| Synthetic filament fabric | China | 90%over 75% | Saudi Arabia · 3.8% | $169 million |
| Poultry meat | Brazil | 96.3%over 75% | France · 3.4% | $156 million |
| Polyethylene | Saudi Arabia | 98.2%over 75% | China · 1.3% | $130 million |
| Palm oil | Indonesia | 57.4% | Malaysia · 39.8% | $123 million |
| Rubber and plastic footwear | China | 93.9%over 75% | Turkey · 3.4% | $116 million |
| Corn | Argentina | 82.2%over 75% | Brazil · 14.8% | $112 million |
| Fruit and vegetable juices | Saudi Arabia | 84.4%over 75% | Egypt · 15.2% | $110 million |
| Toilet paper and tissues | Saudi Arabia | 84.1%over 75% | Turkey · 6.6% | $103 million |
| Malt extract and food mixes | Denmark | 52.6% | Belgium · 15.7% | $102 million |
| Plastic packaging | Saudi Arabia | 85.7%over 75% | China · 9.5% | $101 million |
| Cheese | Saudi Arabia | 74.4% | Egypt · 20.3% | $73 million |
| Women's knitted suits and dresses | China | 94.6%over 75% | India · 5% | $71 million |
| Diodes, transistors and solar cells | China | 99.6%over 75% | India · 0.15% | $70 million |
| Pasta | Saudi Arabia | 72.3% | Egypt · 12.2% | $67 million |
| Coated flat steel | China | 94.8%over 75% | Japan · 1.8% | $66 million |
| Uninsulated copper cable | Saudi Arabia | 99.9%over 75% | China · 0.09% | $64 million |
| New tires | China | 73.5% | Thailand · 7.5% | $60 million |
| Wheat flour | Egypt | 83.9%over 75% | Turkey · 16% | $55 million |
| Motorcycles | China | 97.5%over 75% | India · 2.5% | $53 million |
| Plastic pipes and hoses | Saudi Arabia | 61% | China · 16.5% | $51 million |
and 334 more
A product has a dominant supplier when a single country sells more than 50% of what is bought of it; we flag it separately above 75%.
Selling: who it relies on
- Largest customer: India
- 29.9%
- Concentration (HHI)
- 1,782
Concentration index (HHI): 1,782 out of 10,000; equivalent to splitting sales among 6 customers of the same size
Trend in shares
India went from 0.15% to 29.9% of what Yemen sells
Share (%)
- India 29.9%
- Saudi Arabia 26.4%
- Egypt 8.4%
- Malaysia 7.3%
- South Korea 5.6%
Source: CEPII BACI
Show the numbers
| Year | Largest customer | Share |
|---|---|---|
| 1995 | South Korea | 24.8% |
| 1996 | China | 27.8% |
| 1997 | China | 27.3% |
| 1998 | China | 31.2% |
| 1999 | Thailand | 27% |
| 2000 | Thailand | 22.8% |
| 2001 | Thailand | 22.5% |
| 2002 | Thailand | 23.7% |
| 2003 | China | 40.6% |
| 2004 | Thailand | 30.3% |
| 2005 | China | 36.6% |
| 2006 | China | 25% |
| 2007 | China | 21.1% |
| 2008 | China | 28.9% |
| 2009 | China | 21.8% |
| 2010 | China | 30.5% |
| 2011 | China | 29.6% |
| 2012 | China | 37.6% |
| 2013 | China | 24.6% |
| 2014 | South Korea | 27.4% |
| 2015 | China | 39.8% |
| 2016 | Oman | 29.7% |
| 2017 | China | 28.6% |
| 2018 | China | 43% |
| 2019 | China | 52.5% |
| 2020 | China | 41.3% |
| 2021 | China | 22.8% |
| 2022 | China | 31.3% |
| 2023 | United Arab Emirates | 26.9% |
| 2024 | India | 29.9% |
36 of the 41 products Yemen sells for more than $1 million have a customer buying more than 50% of what Yemen sells of that product; in 27, more than 75%. In those products, sales to each one’s dominant customer add up to 65% of what Yemen sells.
| Product | Customer | Share | Second | Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ferrous scrap | India | 92.9%over 75% | Saudi Arabia · 6.5% | $113 million |
| Industrial fatty acids and oils | India | 100%over 75% | — | $60 million |
| Fresh fish | Saudi Arabia | 99%over 75% | Bahrain · 0.6% | $48 million |
| Copper scrap | South Korea | 54.7% | China · 34.8% | $44 million |
| Aluminum scrap | India | 65.9% | South Korea · 29.8% | $37 million |
| Onions and garlic | Saudi Arabia | 73.5% | Kuwait · 16.7% | $34 million |
| Avocados, mangoes, pineapples and dates | Saudi Arabia | 76.5%over 75% | Kuwait · 10.2% | $28 million |
| Other fresh fruit (berries, kiwi) | Saudi Arabia | 81.8%over 75% | Bahrain · 7.3% | $19 million |
| Plastic waste and scrap | Turkey | 57.6% | Egypt · 42.4% | $15 million |
| Tea | Saudi Arabia | 87.7%over 75% | United States · 5.8% | $14 million |
| Dried, salted and smoked fish | Hong Kong | 60.2% | Macao · 32.8% | $11 million |
| Prepared shellfish | Hong Kong | 76.6%over 75% | Singapore · 6% | $11 million |
| Bran and milling residues | Egypt | 76.5%over 75% | Saudi Arabia · 23.5% | $11 million |
| Melons, watermelons and papayas | Saudi Arabia | 60.5% | Bahrain · 13.5% | $9 million |
| Polyethers, polyesters and epoxy resins | Indonesia | 78%over 75% | Malaysia · 12.8% | $8 million |
and 21 more
Concentration compared
The closest countries in the concentration ranking (HHI, highest first).
| Rank | Country | HHI |
|---|---|---|
| 104 | Gabon | 1,317 |
| 105 | Indonesia | 1,307 |
| 106 | Yemen | 1,297 |
| 107 | Palau | 1,291 |
| 108 | Seychelles | 1,280 |
| 109 | Fiji | 1,259 |
Links
Sources and method
Sources and licenses
- CEPII BACI · Licence Ouverte Etalab 2.0
- Natural Earth · Public domain
Methodology
The data come from CEPII BACI (Etalab 2.0 licence), which reconciles what the exporting and the importing country report, in current USD, FOB. Data up to 2024.
Dependence is the share of a country’s imports (or exports) that each partner accounts for. It does not measure whether a product has a substitute or how much it would cost to change supplier.
The concentration index (HHI) adds up the square of each partner’s share, in percent: it runs from 0 to 10,000. Its equivalent is 10,000 ÷ HHI, the number of partners of the same size that would give that value.
Products are HS4 headings of the 1992 nomenclature (some combine different goods), with a floor of $1 million per product and country.
The EU is the 27 current members in every year; the United Kingdom is outside the EU throughout the series.
Re-exports: countries that act as redistribution hubs carry their notice and the figures are not corrected.