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Onions and garlic: top exporters and importers (2024)

In 2024, world trade in onions and garlic totaled $9.7 billion (12.9 million tonnes). The top exporters were China (39%), the Netherlands (11%) and Spain (8%); the top importers were the United States (9%), Indonesia (8%) and Malaysia (6%). Compared with 2019, the value rose 40%.

Summary

World trade
$9.7billion
Tonnes
12.9million tonnes
Price per tonne
$752
The largest flows between countries. Width: value; color: estimated transport mode.SeaAirLand

Top exporters

  1. China$3.8 billion · 39.5%
  2. Netherlands$1 billion · 10.7%
    re-exports
  3. Spain$770 million · 7.9%
  4. Mexico$495 million · 5.1%
  5. India$471 million · 4.8%
  6. United States$316 million · 3.3%
  7. Egypt$265 million · 2.7%
  8. Argentina$261 million · 2.7%
  9. Pakistan$227 million · 2.3%
  10. Peru$182 million · 1.9%
  11. France$155 million · 1.6%
  12. Germany$125 million · 1.3%
  13. Poland$122 million · 1.3%
  14. New Zealand$116 million · 1.2%
  15. Belgium$115 million · 1.2%
    re-exports
  16. Afghanistan$110 million · 1.1%
  17. Chile$84 million · 0.86%
  18. Malaysia$80 million · 0.83%
  19. Canada$77 million · 0.79%
  20. Uzbekistan$75 million · 0.78%

Top importers

  1. United States$852 million · 8.8%
  2. Indonesia$802 million · 8.3%
  3. Malaysia$611 million · 6.3%
  4. Vietnam$479 million · 4.9%
  5. United Kingdom$431 million · 4.4%
  6. Germany$418 million · 4.3%
  7. Bangladesh$382 million · 3.9%
  8. Canada$359 million · 3.7%
  9. Netherlands$300 million · 3.1%
    re-exports
  10. United Arab Emirates$291 million · 3%
  11. Brazil$278 million · 2.9%
  12. Japan$255 million · 2.6%
  13. France$230 million · 2.4%
  14. Sri Lanka$181 million · 1.9%
  15. Pakistan$170 million · 1.8%
  16. Italy$165 million · 1.7%
  17. Thailand$151 million · 1.6%
  18. Spain$149 million · 1.5%
  19. Philippines$146 million · 1.5%
  20. Mexico$129 million · 1.3%

Trend

Who sells it

China has been the top exporter since 1999

Value in USD billions. The five largest exporters in 2024.

  • China 3.8
  • Netherlands 1
  • Spain 0.77
  • Mexico 0.5
  • India 0.47

Source: CEPII BACI

Show the numbers
Country19952024
China0.233.8
Netherlands0.231
Spain0.140.77
Mexico0.160.5
India0.10.47

Price

Implied price

The price per tonne rose 60% since 1995

Current US dollars per tonne: value over the weight reported by BACI.

  • 2024: $752

Source: CEPII BACI

Show the numbers
YearUSD per tonne
1995$470
1996$408
1997$417
1998$408
1999$351
2000$306
2001$345
2002$334
2003$338
2004$358
2005$373
2006$426
2007$512
2008$459
2009$471
2010$684
2011$631
2012$534
2013$622
2014$562
2015$557
2016$633
2017$610
2018$547
2019$590
2020$595
2021$655
2022$596
2023$672
2024$752

What it includes

  • 0703 · Onions and garlic

Products in the same chapter

Sources and methodology

Sources and licenses

Methodology

Goods trade from CEPII BACI (BACI_HS92_V202601), which reconciles what exporters and importers report: countries that stopped reporting (Russia since 2022) appear with their partners’ data. FOB values in current US dollars; tonnes when BACI reports them. The price per tonne is the value of the rows with a weight divided by that weight. The transport mode is our own estimate based on value per kilo and geography. Data up to 2024.

Hong Kong, Singapore, the Netherlands and Belgium re-export goods from other countries: their figures include transit.

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