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Garlic: top exporters and importers (2024)

In 2024, world trade in garlic totaled $4.4 billion (2.9 million tonnes). China accounted for 72% of exports, followed by Spain (11%) and Argentina (5%); the top importers were Indonesia (17%), Vietnam (7%) and the United States (7%). Compared with 2019, the value rose 69%.

Summary

World trade
$4.4billion
Tonnes
2.9million tonnes
Price per tonne
$1,505
The largest flows between countries. Width: value; color: estimated transport mode.SeaAirLand

Top exporters

  1. China$3.1 billion · 72.2%
    see destinations
  2. Spain$499 million · 11.5%
  3. Argentina$205 million · 4.7%
  4. Netherlands$93 million · 2.1%
    re-exports
  5. Malaysia$50 million · 1.2%
  6. Mexico$44 million · 1%
  7. Egypt$39 million · 0.89%
  8. Peru$38 million · 0.88%
  9. Chile$30 million · 0.68%
  10. France$29 million · 0.66%
  11. Germany$25 million · 0.58%
  12. Myanmar$19 million · 0.43%
  13. United States$16 million · 0.37%
  14. Afghanistan$14 million · 0.31%
  15. Italy$12 million · 0.28%
  16. India$9 million · 0.21%
  17. Albania$7 million · 0.16%
  18. Uzbekistan$7 million · 0.16%
  19. Turkey$6 million · 0.14%
  20. Vietnam$6 million · 0.14%

Top importers

  1. Indonesia$745 million · 17.1%
  2. Vietnam$301 million · 6.9%
  3. United States$299 million · 6.9%
  4. Malaysia$290 million · 6.7%
  5. Bangladesh$190 million · 4.4%
  6. Brazil$188 million · 4.3%
  7. Philippines$140 million · 3.2%
  8. United Arab Emirates$137 million · 3.2%
  9. Germany$133 million · 3.1%
  10. United Kingdom$100 million · 2.3%
  11. Netherlands$94 million · 2.2%
    re-exports
  12. Italy$86 million · 2%
  13. Thailand$84 million · 1.9%
  14. France$84 million · 1.9%
  15. Nepal$69 million · 1.6%
  16. Canada$68 million · 1.6%
  17. Russia$68 million · 1.6%
  18. Colombia$66 million · 1.5%
  19. Japan$59 million · 1.4%
  20. Mexico$59 million · 1.4%

Trend

Who sells it

China was the top exporter throughout the period

Value in USD billions. The five largest exporters in 2024.

  • China 3.1
  • Spain 0.5
  • Argentina 0.2
  • Netherlands 0.09
  • Malaysia 0.05

Source: CEPII BACI

Show the numbers
Country19952024
China0.213.1
Spain0.060.5
Argentina0.060.2
Netherlands0.020.09
Malaysia0.010.05

Price

Implied price

The price per tonne rose 65% since 1995

Current US dollars per tonne: value over the weight reported by BACI.

  • 2024: $1,505

Source: CEPII BACI

Show the numbers
YearUSD per tonne
1995$915
1996$943
1997$928
1998$750
1999$595
2000$565
2001$636
2002$558
2003$503
2004$513
2005$612
2006$735
2007$780
2008$602
2009$719
2010$1,557
2011$1,271
2012$974
2013$1,148
2014$1,002
2015$1,104
2016$1,712
2017$1,413
2018$1,015
2019$1,269
2020$1,248
2021$1,409
2022$1,256
2023$1,377
2024$1,505

What it includes

  • 070320 · subheading of heading 0703: Onions and garlic

Products in the same chapter

Sources and methodology

Sources and licenses

Methodology

Goods trade from CEPII BACI (BACI_HS92_V202601), which reconciles what exporters and importers report: countries that stopped reporting (Russia since 2022) appear with their partners’ data. FOB values in current US dollars; tonnes when BACI reports them. The price per tonne is the value of the rows with a weight divided by that weight. The transport mode is our own estimate based on value per kilo and geography. Data up to 2024.

Hong Kong, Singapore, the Netherlands and Belgium re-export goods from other countries: their figures include transit.

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