Who does Latvia rely on?

1. Lithuania$4.3 billion · 19.3%
2. Germany$2.4 billion · 10.9%
3. Poland$2.3 billion · 10.5%
4. Estonia$1.7 billion · 7.7%
5. Finland$1.2 billion · 5.5%
6. Netherlands$1 billion · 4.5%
7. China$872 million · 3.9%
8. Italy$771 million · 3.5%
9. Sweden$708 million · 3.2%
10. Belgium$454 million · 2%

Some of these goods may have been produced in another country: countries record origin in different ways.

Of the 776 products Latvia buys for more than $1 million in 2024, these are the highest-value ones with a dominant supplier.

and 137 more

A product has a dominant supplier when a single country sells more than 50% of what is bought of it; we flag it separately above 75%.

Some of these goods may have been produced in another country: countries record origin in different ways.

Largest customer: Lithuania

18.7%

Concentration (HHI)

635

Concentration index (HHI): 635 out of 10,000; equivalent to splitting sales among 16 customers of the same size

230 of the 635 products Latvia sells for more than $1 million have a customer buying more than 50% of what Latvia sells of that product; in 64, more than 75%. In those products, sales to each one’s dominant customer add up to 18.2% of what Latvia sells.

and 215 more

Largest supplier outside the EU: China

19.4%

Concentration (HHI) · Supplier

730

Largest customer outside the EU: United Kingdom

16.5%

Concentration (HHI) · Customer

773

260 of the 410 products Latvia buys from outside the EU for more than $1 million have a supplier selling more than 50% of what Latvia buys of that product; in 119, more than 75%. In those products, purchases from each one’s dominant supplier add up to 47.7% of what Latvia buys from outside the EU.

Who does the European Union rely on?

The closest countries in the concentration ranking (HHI, highest first).

• Trade profile of Latvia
• Trade between Latvia and Denmark
• Trade between Latvia and Estonia
• Trade between Latvia and Finland
• Trade between Latvia and Germany
• Trade between Latvia and Lithuania
• Trade between Latvia and the Netherlands
• Trade between Latvia and Poland
• Trade between Latvia and Russia
• Trade between Latvia and Sweden
• Trade between Latvia and the United Kingdom
• Dependence of Latvia on Lithuania
• All countries

Sources and licenses

• CEPII BACI · Licence Ouverte Etalab 2.0
• Natural Earth · Public domain

Methodology

The data come from CEPII BACI (Etalab 2.0 licence), which reconciles what the exporting and the importing country report, in current USD, FOB. Data up to 2024.

Dependence is the share of a country’s imports (or exports) that each partner accounts for. It does not measure whether a product has a substitute or how much it would cost to change supplier.

The concentration index (HHI) adds up the square of each partner’s share, in percent: it runs from 0 to 10,000. Its equivalent is 10,000 ÷ HHI, the number of partners of the same size that would give that value.

Products are HS4 headings of the 1992 nomenclature (some combine different goods), with a floor of $1 million per product and country.

The EU is the 27 current members in every year; the United Kingdom is outside the EU throughout the series.

Re-exports: countries that act as redistribution hubs carry their notice and the figures are not corrected.