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Nutmeg, mace and cardamom: top exporters and importers (2024)

In 2024, world trade in nutmeg, mace and cardamom totaled $1.3 billion (106 thousand tonnes). The top exporters were Guatemala (42%), India (19%) and Indonesia (19%); the top importers were Saudi Arabia (19%), the United Arab Emirates (19%) and India (9%). Compared with 2019, the value rose 8%.

Summary

World trade
$1.3billion
Tonnes
106thousand tonnes
Price per tonne
$11,903
The largest flows between countries. Width: value; color: estimated transport mode.SeaAirLand

Top exporters

  1. Guatemala$527 million · 41.9%
  2. India$245 million · 19.5%
  3. Indonesia$235 million · 18.7%
  4. Nepal$62 million · 4.9%
  5. Vietnam$23 million · 1.8%
  6. Sri Lanka$20 million · 1.6%
  7. Singapore$19 million · 1.5%
    re-exports
  8. Netherlands$18 million · 1.4%
    re-exports
  9. Germany$12 million · 0.99%
  10. Saudi Arabia$10 million · 0.8%
  11. Turkey$9 million · 0.7%
  12. Honduras$8 million · 0.64%
  13. Bahrain$7 million · 0.56%
  14. United Kingdom$5 million · 0.42%
  15. Grenada$5 million · 0.4%
  16. Bhutan$5 million · 0.39%
  17. China$5 million · 0.38%
  18. Spain$4 million · 0.32%
  19. Italy$4 million · 0.31%
  20. Belgium$4 million · 0.31%
    re-exports

Top importers

  1. Saudi Arabia$240 million · 19.1%
  2. United Arab Emirates$233 million · 18.6%
  3. India$111 million · 8.9%
  4. China$97 million · 7.7%
  5. United States$50 million · 4%
  6. Bangladesh$44 million · 3.5%
  7. Germany$39 million · 3.1%
  8. Jordan$39 million · 3.1%
  9. Netherlands$32 million · 2.6%
    re-exports
  10. Kuwait$30 million · 2.4%
  11. Pakistan$28 million · 2.2%
  12. United Kingdom$25 million · 2%
  13. Vietnam$18 million · 1.5%
  14. Canada$14 million · 1.1%
  15. Japan$14 million · 1.1%
  16. Iraq$13 million · 1%
  17. France$12 million · 0.98%
  18. Singapore$12 million · 0.95%
    re-exports
  19. Qatar$11 million · 0.89%
  20. Egypt$11 million · 0.85%

Trend

Who sells it

Guatemala has been the top exporter since 1999

Value in USD billions. The five largest exporters in 2024.

  • Guatemala 0.53
  • India 0.24
  • Indonesia 0.23
  • Nepal 0.06
  • Vietnam 0.02

Source: CEPII BACI

Show the numbers
Country19952024
Guatemala0.050.53
India0.010.24
Indonesia0.030.23
Nepal< 0.010.06
Vietnam< 0.010.02

Price

Implied price

The price per tonne rose 328% since 1995

Current US dollars per tonne: value over the weight reported by BACI.

  • 2024: $11,903

Source: CEPII BACI

Show the numbers
YearUSD per tonne
1995$2,783
1996$2,430
1997$2,585
1998$3,239
1999$4,972
2000$5,536
2001$5,565
2002$4,732
2003$4,130
2004$3,897
2005$3,458
2006$3,568
2007$4,723
2008$6,522
2009$7,198
2010$4,372
2011$11,174
2012$9,201
2013$8,506
2014$7,570
2015$7,956
2016$7,296
2017$8,336
2018$9,072
2019$12,005
2020$13,464
2021$11,515
2022$8,725
2023$7,471
2024$11,903

What it includes

  • 0908 · Nutmeg, mace and cardamom

Products in the same chapter

Sources and methodology

Sources and licenses

Methodology

Goods trade from CEPII BACI (BACI_HS92_V202601), which reconciles what exporters and importers report: countries that stopped reporting (Russia since 2022) appear with their partners’ data. FOB values in current US dollars; tonnes when BACI reports them. The price per tonne is the value of the rows with a weight divided by that weight. The transport mode is our own estimate based on value per kilo and geography. Data up to 2024.

Hong Kong, Singapore, the Netherlands and Belgium re-export goods from other countries: their figures include transit.

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