Summary
- Exports
- $18.3billion
- Imports
- $17billion
- Trade balance
- +$1.3billion
Products
What it exports
Refined petroleum (30.9%) and unwrought aluminum (19.1%) together make up 50% of its exports.
What it imports
Iron ore (9.1%) and aluminum oxide and hydroxide (7.5%) together make up 16.6% of its imports.
Its products
Destinations and sources of its products that have their own page.
By Harmonized System chapter (96)
| Chapter | Exports | Imports |
|---|---|---|
| 27 · Oil, gas and coal | $5.9 billion | $537 million |
| 76 · Aluminum | $4.9 billion | $218 million |
| 26 · Ores and slag | $1.5 billion | $1.6 billion |
| 84 · Mechanical machinery | $841 million | $1.4 billion |
| 72 · Iron and steel | $629 million | $205 million |
| 04 · Dairy, eggs and honey | $506 million | $403 million |
| 73 · Iron and steel products | $465 million | $330 million |
| 87 · Vehicles | $460 million | $1.5 billion |
| 71 · Gems and precious metals | $399 million | $630 million |
| 31 · Fertilizers | $294 million | $3 million |
| 85 · Electrical and electronic equipment | $260 million | $1.2 billion |
| 39 · Plastics | $233 million | $419 million |
| 74 · Copper | $188 million | $143 million |
| 19 · Baked goods and cereal products | $171 million | $148 million |
| 70 · Glass | $146 million | $84 million |
| 29 · Organic chemicals | $128 million | $79 million |
| 21 · Food preparations | $109 million | $156 million |
| 28 · Inorganic chemicals | $86 million | $1.4 billion |
| 34 · Soap and cleaning products | $82 million | $92 million |
| 48 · Paper and paperboard | $69 million | $161 million |
| 63 · Home textiles and used clothing | $69 million | $29 million |
| 33 · Perfumes and cosmetics | $55 million | $185 million |
| 38 · Miscellaneous chemicals | $54 million | $106 million |
| 94 · Furniture and lighting | $50 million | $215 million |
| 90 · Precision and medical instruments | $50 million | $240 million |
| 40 · Rubber | $48 million | $125 million |
| 03 · Fish and seafood | $48 million | $49 million |
| 91 · Watches and clocks | $43 million | $187 million |
| 88 · Aircraft and spacecraft | $34 million | $246 million |
| 62 · Woven clothing | $28 million | $156 million |
| 17 · Sugar and sweets | $28 million | $101 million |
| 83 · Miscellaneous metal goods | $27 million | $61 million |
| 22 · Beverages and spirits | $26 million | $140 million |
| 68 · Stone, plaster and cement articles | $25 million | $77 million |
| 61 · Knitted clothing | $25 million | $167 million |
| 49 · Books and printed matter | $22 million | $55 million |
| 44 · Wood | $21 million | $98 million |
| 07 · Vegetables | $19 million | $148 million |
| 65 · Hats | $18 million | $6 million |
| 89 · Ships and boats | $17 million | $1.4 billion |
| 47 · Wood pulp | $16 million | $13 million |
| 25 · Salt, stone and cement | $15 million | $133 million |
| 09 · Coffee, tea and spices | $14 million | $58 million |
| 16 · Prepared meat and fish | $14 million | $70 million |
| 20 · Preserved fruit and vegetables | $12 million | $98 million |
| 86 · Railway equipment | $11 million | $3 million |
| 52 · Cotton | $9 million | $21 million |
| 64 · Footwear | $9 million | $99 million |
| 01 · Live animals | $9 million | $29 million |
| 95 · Toys and sports gear | $8 million | $43 million |
| 15 · Fats and oils | $8 million | $94 million |
| 75 · Nickel | $8 million | $3 million |
| 36 · Explosives and matches | $7 million | $3 million |
| 32 · Dyes, paints and tanning agents | $7 million | $77 million |
| 42 · Leather goods and bags | $6 million | $80 million |
| 82 · Tools and cutlery | $5 million | $30 million |
| 30 · Pharmaceuticals | $5 million | $461 million |
| 81 · Other base metals | $4 million | $29 million |
| 97 · Art and antiques | $3 million | $6 million |
| 12 · Oilseeds and grains | $2 million | $15 million |
| 69 · Ceramics | $2 million | $82 million |
| 08 · Fruit and nuts | $2 million | $215 million |
| 02 · Meat and offal | $2 million | $298 million |
| 54 · Synthetic filaments | $1 million | $10 million |
| 23 · Animal feed and food waste | $1 million | $26 million |
| 24 · Tobacco | $1 million | $87 million |
| 35 · Glues, starches and enzymes | $1 million | $20 million |
| 96 · Other manufactured goods | $1 million | $25 million |
| 80 · Tin | $939 thousand | $535 thousand |
| 18 · Cocoa and chocolate | $909 thousand | $54 million |
| 59 · Coated and technical textiles | $859 thousand | $9 million |
| 78 · Lead | $833 thousand | $176 thousand |
| 11 · Milling products and malt | $664 thousand | $21 million |
| 56 · Felt, nonwovens and rope | $590 thousand | $13 million |
| 79 · Zinc | $580 thousand | $6 million |
| 57 · Carpets and rugs | $469 thousand | $23 million |
| 10 · Cereals | $450 thousand | $132 million |
| 58 · Special fabrics and lace | $344 thousand | $3 million |
| 55 · Synthetic staple fibers | $173 thousand | $11 million |
| 46 · Wicker and basketware | $159 thousand | $2 million |
| 13 · Gums and plant extracts | $158 thousand | $6 million |
| 45 · Cork | $150 thousand | $703 thousand |
| 60 · Knitted fabric | $123 thousand | $3 million |
| 41 · Hides and leather | $108 thousand | $374 thousand |
| 92 · Musical instruments | $105 thousand | $2 million |
| 51 · Wool | $101 thousand | $645 thousand |
| 53 · Other plant fibers | $97 thousand | $1 million |
| 93 · Weapons and ammunition | $89 thousand | $122 million |
| 43 · Fur and fur goods | $83 thousand | $329 thousand |
| 67 · Feathers and artificial flowers | $43 thousand | $2 million |
| 66 · Umbrellas and canes | $21 thousand | $863 thousand |
| 37 · Photographic goods | $13 thousand | $2 million |
| 06 · Live plants and flowers | $8 thousand | $11 million |
| 50 · Silk | $883 | $903 thousand |
| 05 · Other animal products | $115 | $188 thousand |
| 14 · Other plant products | $8 | $222 thousand |
Trading partners
Saudi Arabia is its main destination (17.1% of exports) and source (14.5% of imports).
Who it sells to
| Partner | Value (USD billions) | Share | Mode |
|---|---|---|---|
| Saudi ArabiaTrade with Saudi Arabia | 3.1 | 17.1% | Sea |
| United Arab EmiratesTrade with the United Arab Emirates | 1.7 | 9.4% | Sea |
| United StatesTrade with the United States | 1.3 | 7.1% | Sea |
| South Africa | 1 | 5.5% | Sea |
| IndiaTrade with India | 0.81 | 4.5% | Sea |
| Singapore | 0.62 | 3.4% | Sea |
| Egypt | 0.61 | 3.4% | Sea |
| Morocco | 0.51 | 2.8% | Sea |
| France | 0.45 | 2.5% | Sea |
| South Korea | 0.38 | 2.1% | Sea |
Who it buys from
| Partner | Value (USD billions) | Share | Mode |
|---|---|---|---|
| Saudi ArabiaTrade with Saudi Arabia | 2.5 | 14.5% | Sea |
| ChinaTrade with China | 2.3 | 13.5% | Sea |
| AustraliaTrade with Australia | 1.3 | 7.9% | Sea |
| BrazilTrade with Brazil | 1.3 | 7.5% | Sea |
| United Arab EmiratesTrade with the United Arab Emirates | 1.2 | 7% | Sea |
| United StatesTrade with the United States | 0.93 | 5.5% | Air |
| IndiaTrade with India | 0.88 | 5.2% | Sea |
| Japan | 0.69 | 4.1% | Sea |
| Germany | 0.67 | 4% | Air |
| Italy | 0.43 | 2.5% | Air |
Overview 1995–2024
In 2024, Bahrain accounted for 0.08% of world exports, compared with 0.03% in 1995.
Exports and imports
Exports grew 11-fold since 1995
USD billions (current). Bars: trade balance (green surplus, red deficit).
- Exports 18.3
- Imports 17
- Balance +1.3
Source: CEPII BACI
Show the numbers
| Year | Exports | Imports | Trade balance |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1995 | $1.7 billion | $1.7 billion | $19 million |
| 1996 | $1.9 billion | $1.7 billion | $184 million |
| 1997 | $2 billion | $1.9 billion | $131 million |
| 1998 | $2.2 billion | $2.3 billion | -$110 million |
| 1999 | $2.3 billion | $2.1 billion | $203 million |
| 2000 | $3.6 billion | $3.3 billion | $334 million |
| 2001 | $3.8 billion | $3.2 billion | $596 million |
| 2002 | $3.6 billion | $3.8 billion | -$249 million |
| 2003 | $3.8 billion | $4.2 billion | -$452 million |
| 2004 | $4.5 billion | $4.4 billion | $36 million |
| 2005 | $6.5 billion | $6.5 billion | $46 million |
| 2006 | $7.5 billion | $5.3 billion | $2.2 billion |
| 2007 | $8.2 billion | $7.1 billion | $1.1 billion |
| 2008 | $11.7 billion | $12.1 billion | -$438 million |
| 2009 | $7.1 billion | $8.8 billion | -$1.7 billion |
| 2010 | $10.2 billion | $11.1 billion | -$854 million |
| 2011 | $12.5 billion | $19 billion | -$6.5 billion |
| 2012 | $14.4 billion | $13 billion | $1.4 billion |
| 2013 | $14.9 billion | $20.1 billion | -$5.2 billion |
| 2014 | $22.4 billion | $21.5 billion | $839 million |
| 2015 | $18 billion | $17.1 billion | $917 million |
| 2016 | $10.3 billion | $15 billion | -$4.7 billion |
| 2017 | $12 billion | $18.5 billion | -$6.4 billion |
| 2018 | $15.4 billion | $21.8 billion | -$6.4 billion |
| 2019 | $16.8 billion | $20.4 billion | -$3.5 billion |
| 2020 | $12.9 billion | $17 billion | -$4.1 billion |
| 2021 | $18.6 billion | $15.7 billion | $3 billion |
| 2022 | $23.6 billion | $17.1 billion | $6.5 billion |
| 2023 | $21.5 billion | $18.3 billion | $3.2 billion |
| 2024 | $18.3 billion | $17 billion | $1.3 billion |
World rank
Bahrain rose from 94th to 81st among the world's exporters
Rank among 222 countries by export value (1st at the top).
- 94th in 1995
- 81st in 2024
Source: CEPII BACI
Show the numbers
| Year | Rank |
|---|---|
| 1995 | 94th |
| 1996 | 98th |
| 1997 | 98th |
| 1998 | 92nd |
| 1999 | 91st |
| 2000 | 85th |
| 2001 | 83rd |
| 2002 | 85th |
| 2003 | 88th |
| 2004 | 90th |
| 2005 | 85th |
| 2006 | 88th |
| 2007 | 88th |
| 2008 | 83rd |
| 2009 | 89th |
| 2010 | 84th |
| 2011 | 86th |
| 2012 | 80th |
| 2013 | 80th |
| 2014 | 72nd |
| 2015 | 70th |
| 2016 | 87th |
| 2017 | 87th |
| 2018 | 82nd |
| 2019 | 78th |
| 2020 | 84th |
| 2021 | 82nd |
| 2022 | 77th |
| 2023 | 79th |
| 2024 | 81st |
What it sells
Oil, gas and coal became its top export group: from 28% to 32%
% of exports by Harmonized System chapter.
- Other 17%
- Vehicles 3%
- Iron and steel products 3%
- Dairy, eggs and honey 3%
- Iron and steel 3%
- Mechanical machinery 5%
- Ores and slag 8%
- Aluminum 27%
- Oil, gas and coal 32%
Source: CEPII BACI
Show the numbers
| Chapter | 1995 | 2024 |
|---|---|---|
| Oil, gas and coal | 27.7% | 32.4% |
| Aluminum | 39.7% | 26.8% |
| Ores and slag | 4.1% | 8.2% |
| Mechanical machinery | 1.1% | 4.6% |
| Iron and steel | 0.11% | 3.5% |
| Dairy, eggs and honey | 0.01% | 2.8% |
| Iron and steel products | 0.31% | 2.6% |
| Vehicles | 3.7% | 2.5% |
| Other | 23.3% | 16.8% |
Who it trades with
The United Arab Emirates went from 0% to 8% of Bahrain's trade
% of total trade (exports + imports) with each partner.
- Saudi Arabia 16%
- United Arab Emirates 8%
- China 7%
- United States 6%
- India 5%
Source: CEPII BACI
Show the numbers
| Partner | 1995 | 2024 |
|---|---|---|
| Saudi Arabia | 11.6% | 15.8% |
| United Arab Emirates | 0% | 8.2% |
| China | 0.98% | 6.9% |
| United States | 9.8% | 6.3% |
| India | 3.6% | 4.8% |
Production hubs
Largest industrial emission sources (Climate TRACE, 2025)
- Alba Aluminum Smelting & Refining
- Widyan - North Arabian Gulf basin
- Aluminium Bahrain (ALBA) power station
Largest economic production hubs (gridded GDP, 2024)
No hubs above the globe threshold.
View on the globeSources and methodology
Sources and licenses
- CEPII BACI · Licence Ouverte Etalab 2.0
- Climate TRACE · CC BY 4.0 (emissions by asset; the 3 largest per country are shown)
- Kummu et al., gridded GDP · CC BY 4.0 (hubs aggregated by this site)
- Natural Earth · Public domain
Methodology
Goods trade from CEPII BACI (BACI_HS92_V202601), in current US dollars, with exports and imports reconciled between countries. The transport mode is our own estimate based on value per kilo and geography. Ranks are computed among the countries with data each year. Services are not included. Data up to 2024.