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Iraq trade in 2024

In 2024, Iraq exported $109.2 billion and imported $51.8 billion, a trade surplus of $57.4 billion. It was the world's 38th-largest exporter, with 0.48% of world exports. Its top export was crude petroleum (89.6% of the total) and its main trading partner was China (33.7% of its trade).

Summary

Exports
$109.2billion
Imports
$51.8billion
Trade balance
+$57.4billion
Routes to the main partners. Width: trade value; color: estimated transport mode.SeaAirLand
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Products

What it exports

Crude petroleum (89.6%) and refined petroleum (8.1%) together make up 97.8% of its exports.

  1. Crude petroleum$97.9 billion · 89.6%
    Main partner: China
  2. Refined petroleum$8.9 billion · 8.1%
    Main partner: United States
  3. Petroleum coke and bitumen$1.1 billion · 1%
    Main partner: India
  4. Natural gas and LPG$487 million · 0.45%
    Main partner: Pakistan
  5. Coal tar oils$219 million · 0.2%
    Main partner: Spain
  6. Avocados, mangoes, pineapples and dates$104 million · 0.09%
    Main partner: India
  7. Cargo and cruise ships$92 million · 0.08%
    Main partner: South Korea
  8. Waste paper$67 million · 0.06%
    Main partner: Turkey
  9. Soybean oil$61 million · 0.06%
    Main partner: India
  10. Aluminum scrap$42 million · 0.04%
    Main partner: South Korea

What it imports

Cars (6.6%) and rice (3.2%) together make up 9.7% of its imports.

  1. Cars$3.4 billion · 6.6%
    Main partner: Japan
  2. Rice$1.6 billion · 3.2%
    Main partner: India
  3. Air conditioners$1.1 billion · 2.2%
    Main partner: China
  4. Jewelry$1 billion · 1.9%
    Main partner: Turkey
  5. Medicines in measured doses or retail packs$977 million · 1.9%
    Main partner: India
  6. Poultry meat$961 million · 1.9%
    Main partner: Turkey
  7. Refined petroleum$755 million · 1.5%
    Main partner: India
  8. Cane and beet sugar$738 million · 1.4%
    Main partner: Brazil
  9. Furniture$735 million · 1.4%
    Main partner: Turkey
  10. New tires$644 million · 1.2%
    Main partner: China
By Harmonized System chapter (96)
ChapterExportsImports
27 · Oil, gas and coal$108.5 billion$835 million
08 · Fruit and nuts$105 million$964 million
89 · Ships and boats$92 million$79 million
15 · Fats and oils$79 million$852 million
47 · Wood pulp$67 million$9 million
76 · Aluminum$51 million$833 million
74 · Copper$33 million$197 million
84 · Mechanical machinery$29 million$6.4 billion
39 · Plastics$15 million$1.9 billion
41 · Hides and leather$14 million$519 thousand
12 · Oilseeds and grains$14 million$622 million
49 · Books and printed matter$14 million$73 million
22 · Beverages and spirits$11 million$190 million
07 · Vegetables$9 million$608 million
20 · Preserved fruit and vegetables$9 million$465 million
10 · Cereals$8 million$2.2 billion
88 · Aircraft and spacecraft$7 million$55 million
71 · Gems and precious metals$7 million$1.1 billion
85 · Electrical and electronic equipment$6 million$4.3 billion
25 · Salt, stone and cement$6 million$43 million
91 · Watches and clocks$5 million$45 million
38 · Miscellaneous chemicals$5 million$340 million
17 · Sugar and sweets$4 million$878 million
78 · Lead$4 million$438 thousand
90 · Precision and medical instruments$4 million$851 million
97 · Art and antiques$4 million$2 million
02 · Meat and offal$3 million$1.4 billion
29 · Organic chemicals$2 million$198 million
26 · Ores and slag$1 million$5 million
63 · Home textiles and used clothing$1 million$354 million
59 · Coated and technical textiles$1 million$35 million
13 · Gums and plant extracts$1 million$6 million
83 · Miscellaneous metal goods$1 million$293 million
73 · Iron and steel products$1 million$2.1 billion
09 · Coffee, tea and spices$1 million$295 million
57 · Carpets and rugs$1 million$475 million
34 · Soap and cleaning products$987 thousand$363 million
48 · Paper and paperboard$839 thousand$894 million
19 · Baked goods and cereal products$797 thousand$1.1 billion
40 · Rubber$774 thousand$777 million
87 · Vehicles$738 thousand$5.1 billion
21 · Food preparations$719 thousand$466 million
51 · Wool$698 thousand$1 million
79 · Zinc$667 thousand$2 million
62 · Woven clothing$643 thousand$800 million
14 · Other plant products$630 thousand$392 thousand
94 · Furniture and lighting$628 thousand$1.5 billion
32 · Dyes, paints and tanning agents$622 thousand$258 million
04 · Dairy, eggs and honey$619 thousand$693 million
33 · Perfumes and cosmetics$547 thousand$727 million
64 · Footwear$546 thousand$484 million
72 · Iron and steel$532 thousand$1.1 billion
31 · Fertilizers$503 thousand$155 million
61 · Knitted clothing$449 thousand$891 million
70 · Glass$398 thousand$275 million
30 · Pharmaceuticals$336 thousand$1.6 billion
05 · Other animal products$304 thousand$3 million
28 · Inorganic chemicals$279 thousand$51 million
23 · Animal feed and food waste$274 thousand$476 million
52 · Cotton$217 thousand$16 million
11 · Milling products and malt$216 thousand$508 million
18 · Cocoa and chocolate$168 thousand$262 million
68 · Stone, plaster and cement articles$156 thousand$261 million
44 · Wood$137 thousand$486 million
82 · Tools and cutlery$103 thousand$275 million
93 · Weapons and ammunition$72 thousand$40 million
24 · Tobacco$71 thousand$458 million
01 · Live animals$46 thousand$542 million
69 · Ceramics$35 thousand$488 million
67 · Feathers and artificial flowers$27 thousand$21 million
95 · Toys and sports gear$27 thousand$313 million
42 · Leather goods and bags$24 thousand$134 million
86 · Railway equipment$18 thousand$4 million
92 · Musical instruments$14 thousand$2 million
06 · Live plants and flowers$12 thousand$31 million
96 · Other manufactured goods$11 thousand$199 million
16 · Prepared meat and fish$11 thousand$115 million
81 · Other base metals$8 thousand$2 million
46 · Wicker and basketware$7 thousand$2 million
65 · Hats$5 thousand$14 million
54 · Synthetic filaments$3 thousand$279 million
75 · Nickel$978$7 million
56 · Felt, nonwovens and rope$660$66 million
55 · Synthetic staple fibers$231$205 million
53 · Other plant fibers$230$4 million
60 · Knitted fabric$218$181 million
66 · Umbrellas and canes$193$8 million
35 · Glues, starches and enzymes$6$71 million
58 · Special fabrics and lace$0$95 million
03 · Fish and seafood$0$30 million
37 · Photographic goods$0$13 million
36 · Explosives and matches$0$8 million
50 · Silk$0$2 million
80 · Tin$0$1 million
45 · Cork$0$109 thousand
43 · Fur and fur goods$0$48 thousand

Trading partners

China is its main destination (35.1% of exports) and source (30.9% of imports).

Who it sells to

PartnerValue (USD billions)ShareMode
China38.335.1%Sea
India29.927.4%Sea
South Korea98.3%Sea
United States7.77%Sea
Greece5.45%Sea
Netherlands4.23.9%Sea
Italy2.72.5%Sea
France2.11.9%Sea
Germany1.81.7%Sea
Turkey1.81.7%Sea

Who it buys from

PartnerValue (USD billions)ShareMode
China1630.9%Sea
Turkey1325.1%Land
India3.36.3%Sea
Brazil1.93.7%Sea
Saudi Arabia1.73.3%Land
United States1.63.1%Sea
Germany1.42.7%Sea
South Korea1.22.4%Sea
Thailand1.22.3%Sea
Italy12%Sea

Overview 1995–2024

In 2024, Iraq accounted for 0.48% of world exports, compared with 0.01% in 1995.

Exports and imports

Exports grew 236-fold since 1995

USD billions (current). Bars: trade balance (green surplus, red deficit).

  • Exports 109
  • Imports 51.8
  • Balance +57.4

Source: CEPII BACI

Show the numbers
YearExportsImportsTrade balance
1995$463 million$517 million-$54 million
1996$38 million$286 million-$248 million
1997$3.3 billion$773 million$2.5 billion
1998$5.3 billion$1.3 billion$3.9 billion
1999$11.2 billion$1.6 billion$9.6 billion
2000$16.7 billion$2.8 billion$13.9 billion
2001$11.5 billion$4.9 billion$6.7 billion
2002$9.7 billion$5.4 billion$4.4 billion
2003$9.2 billion$4.4 billion$4.8 billion
2004$18.3 billion$10.5 billion$7.8 billion
2005$18.1 billion$11.9 billion$6.2 billion
2006$28.7 billion$11.2 billion$17.5 billion
2007$36.2 billion$13.5 billion$22.8 billion
2008$60.2 billion$20.9 billion$39.3 billion
2009$38.1 billion$22 billion$16.1 billion
2010$50.1 billion$29 billion$21.1 billion
2011$77.4 billion$32.6 billion$44.9 billion
2012$95.4 billion$43.8 billion$51.6 billion
2013$90.3 billion$50.2 billion$40.1 billion
2014$86.7 billion$64.2 billion$22.5 billion
2015$54.7 billion$46.1 billion$8.6 billion
2016$49.6 billion$41.8 billion$7.8 billion
2017$69.4 billion$49.4 billion$20.1 billion
2018$97.7 billion$53.8 billion$43.9 billion
2019$91.5 billion$56.1 billion$35.4 billion
2020$64.9 billion$51.9 billion$13 billion
2021$87.6 billion$60.7 billion$26.9 billion
2022$133.7 billion$75 billion$58.7 billion
2023$114.8 billion$71.7 billion$43.2 billion
2024$109.2 billion$51.8 billion$57.4 billion

World rank

Iraq rose from 132nd to 38th among the world's exporters

Rank among 222 countries by export value (1st at the top).

  • 132nd in 1995
  • 38th in 2024

Source: CEPII BACI

Show the numbers
YearRank
1995132nd
1996184th
199780th
199869th
199951st
200048th
200156th
200262nd
200370th
200457th
200560th
200656th
200756th
200853rd
200955th
201054th
201146th
201241st
201342nd
201441st
201549th
201648th
201744th
201839th
201939th
202043rd
202143rd
202237th
202338th
202438th

What it sells

Its top export group is still oil, gas and coal: 99% in 2024

% of exports by Harmonized System chapter.

  • Other 0%
  • Mechanical machinery 0%
  • Copper 0%
  • Aluminum 0%
  • Wood pulp 0%
  • Fats and oils 0%
  • Ships and boats 0%
  • Fruit and nuts 0%
  • Oil, gas and coal 99%

Source: CEPII BACI

Show the numbers
Chapter19952024
Oil, gas and coal98.8%99.4%
Fruit and nuts0.03%0.1%
Ships and boats0%0.08%
Fats and oils0%0.07%
Wood pulp0.03%0.06%
Aluminum0%0.05%
Copper0%0.03%
Mechanical machinery0.15%0.03%
Other1%0.16%

Who it trades with

China went from 0.1% to 34% of Iraq's trade

% of total trade (exports + imports) with each partner.

  • China 34%
  • India 21%
  • Turkey 9%
  • South Korea 6%
  • United States 6%

Source: CEPII BACI

Show the numbers
Partner19952024
China0.09%33.7%
India0.07%20.6%
Turkey12.2%9.2%
South Korea0.01%6.4%
United States0%5.8%

Production hubs

Largest industrial emission sources (Climate TRACE, 2025)

  • Widyan - North Arabian Gulf basin (conventional onshore)Oil and gas · 106.9 Mt CO₂e
  • Zagros Foldbelt basinOil and gas · 37.1 Mt CO₂e
  • Widyan - North Arabian Gulf basin (sour gas)Oil and gas · 6.9 Mt CO₂e
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Largest economic production hubs (gridded GDP, 2024)

  • Baghdad$184 billion (PPP, 2021 dollars)
  • Mosul$72.3 billion (PPP, 2021 dollars)
  • Basra$59.2 billion (PPP, 2021 dollars)
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Sources and methodology

Sources and licenses

Methodology

Goods trade from CEPII BACI (BACI_HS92_V202601), in current US dollars, with exports and imports reconciled between countries. The transport mode is our own estimate based on value per kilo and geography. Ranks are computed among the countries with data each year. Services are not included. Data up to 2024.

Neighboring countries

Main partners

See all countries