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Forage (alfalfa and hay): top exporters and importers (2024)

In 2024, world trade in forage (alfalfa and hay) totaled $2.9 billion (8.5 million tonnes). The top exporters were the United States (50%), Australia (13%) and Canada (8%); the top importers were Japan (24%), China (16%) and South Korea (13%). Compared with 2019, the value fell 7%.

Summary

World trade
$2.9billion
Tonnes
8.5million tonnes
Price per tonne
$343
The largest flows between countries. Width: value; color: estimated transport mode.SeaAirLand

Top exporters

  1. United States$1.5 billion · 49.7%
  2. Australia$391 million · 13.4%
  3. Canada$219 million · 7.5%
  4. Spain$205 million · 7%
  5. France$109 million · 3.7%
  6. Italy$79 million · 2.7%
  7. South Africa$72 million · 2.5%
  8. Netherlands$54 million · 1.8%
    re-exports
  9. Germany$49 million · 1.7%
  10. Romania$47 million · 1.6%
  11. Egypt$38 million · 1.3%
  12. Russia$17 million · 0.58%
  13. Belgium$15 million · 0.51%
    re-exports
  14. Poland$13 million · 0.45%
  15. Lithuania$13 million · 0.44%
  16. Argentina$13 million · 0.44%
  17. Iraq$12 million · 0.42%
  18. Mexico$12 million · 0.39%
  19. Turkey$11 million · 0.38%
  20. Pakistan$7 million · 0.24%

Top importers

  1. Japan$687 million · 23.5%
  2. China$477 million · 16.4%
  3. South Korea$375 million · 12.9%
  4. Saudi Arabia$321 million · 11%
  5. United Arab Emirates$159 million · 5.5%
  6. United States$141 million · 4.8%
  7. Taiwan$93 million · 3.2%
  8. Netherlands$60 million · 2.1%
    re-exports
  9. Switzerland$53 million · 1.8%
  10. Germany$46 million · 1.6%
  11. Canada$34 million · 1.2%
  12. Belgium$31 million · 1.1%
    re-exports
  13. Kuwait$28 million · 0.97%
  14. France$26 million · 0.9%
  15. Egypt$24 million · 0.83%
  16. Qatar$22 million · 0.77%
  17. Vietnam$22 million · 0.74%
  18. United Kingdom$20 million · 0.68%
  19. Denmark$20 million · 0.68%
  20. Jordan$19 million · 0.64%

Trend

Who sells it

The United States was the top exporter throughout the period

Value in USD billions. The five largest exporters in 2024.

  • United States 1.5
  • Australia 0.39
  • Canada 0.22
  • Spain 0.2
  • France 0.11

Source: CEPII BACI

Show the numbers
Country19952024
United States0.461.5
Australia0.060.39
Canada0.150.22
Spain0.010.2
France0.060.11

Price

Implied price

The price per tonne rose 76% since 1995

Current US dollars per tonne: value over the weight reported by BACI.

  • 2024: $343

Source: CEPII BACI

Show the numbers
YearUSD per tonne
1995$195
1996$205
1997$206
1998$177
1999$164
2000$195
2001$216
2002$212
2003$332
2004$223
2005$218
2006$219
2007$261
2008$303
2009$268
2010$283
2011$306
2012$337
2013$352
2014$346
2015$327
2016$304
2017$297
2018$305
2019$313
2020$315
2021$334
2022$389
2023$381
2024$343

What it includes

  • 1214 · Forage (alfalfa and hay)

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Sources and methodology

Sources and licenses

Methodology

Goods trade from CEPII BACI (BACI_HS92_V202601), which reconciles what exporters and importers report: countries that stopped reporting (Russia since 2022) appear with their partners’ data. FOB values in current US dollars; tonnes when BACI reports them. The price per tonne is the value of the rows with a weight divided by that weight. The transport mode is our own estimate based on value per kilo and geography. Data up to 2024.

Hong Kong, Singapore, the Netherlands and Belgium re-export goods from other countries: their figures include transit.

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