Who does Croatia rely on?

1. Germany$6.5 billion · 14.1%
2. Italy$6 billion · 13%
3. Slovenia$5.3 billion · 11.6%
4. Hungary$3 billion · 6.6%
5. Austria$2.4 billion · 5.2%
6. France$1.8 billion · 4%
7. Poland$1.8 billion · 4%
8. Netherlands$1.8 billion · 3.9%
9. China$1.7 billion · 3.7%
10. Bosnia and Herzegovina$1.3 billion · 2.9%

Some of these goods may have been produced in another country: countries record origin in different ways.

Of the 874 products Croatia buys for more than $1 million in 2024, these are the highest-value ones with a dominant supplier.

and 147 more

A product has a dominant supplier when a single country sells more than 50% of what is bought of it; we flag it separately above 75%.

Largest customer: Germany

12.1%

Concentration (HHI)

579

Concentration index (HHI): 579 out of 10,000; equivalent to splitting sales among 17 customers of the same size

179 of the 657 products Croatia sells for more than $1 million have a customer buying more than 50% of what Croatia sells of that product; in 60, more than 75%. In those products, sales to each one’s dominant customer add up to 15.3% of what Croatia sells.

and 164 more

Largest supplier outside the EU: China

16.3%

Concentration (HHI) · Supplier

816

Largest customer outside the EU: Bosnia and Herzegovina

17.6%

Concentration (HHI) · Customer

828

326 of the 555 products Croatia buys from outside the EU for more than $1 million have a supplier selling more than 50% of what Croatia buys of that product; in 154, more than 75%. In those products, purchases from each one’s dominant supplier add up to 47.9% of what Croatia buys from outside the EU.

Who does the European Union rely on?

The closest countries in the concentration ranking (HHI, highest first).

• Trade profile of Croatia
• Trade between Croatia and Austria
• Trade between Croatia and Bosnia and Herzegovina
• Trade between Croatia and China
• Trade between Croatia and Czechia
• Trade between Croatia and France
• Trade between Croatia and Germany
• Trade between Croatia and Hungary
• Trade between Croatia and Italy
• Trade between Croatia and the Netherlands
• Trade between Croatia and Poland
• Trade between Croatia and Serbia
• Trade between Croatia and Slovakia
• Trade between Croatia and Slovenia
• Trade between Croatia and Spain
• Trade between Croatia and the United States
• Dependence of Croatia on Azerbaijan
• Dependence of Croatia on the United States
• All countries

Sources and licenses

• CEPII BACI · Licence Ouverte Etalab 2.0
• Natural Earth · Public domain

Methodology

The data come from CEPII BACI (Etalab 2.0 licence), which reconciles what the exporting and the importing country report, in current USD, FOB. Data up to 2024.

Dependence is the share of a country’s imports (or exports) that each partner accounts for. It does not measure whether a product has a substitute or how much it would cost to change supplier.

The concentration index (HHI) adds up the square of each partner’s share, in percent: it runs from 0 to 10,000. Its equivalent is 10,000 ÷ HHI, the number of partners of the same size that would give that value.

Products are HS4 headings of the 1992 nomenclature (some combine different goods), with a floor of $1 million per product and country.

The EU is the 27 current members in every year; the United Kingdom is outside the EU throughout the series.

Re-exports: countries that act as redistribution hubs carry their notice and the figures are not corrected.