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Who does Chile rely on?

The largest supplier of Chile in 2024 is China, with 24.5% of what Chile buys. Its share was 23.4% in 2019 and 2.9% in 1995. 462 of the 919 products Chile buys for more than $1 million have a supplier selling more than 50% of what Chile buys of that product; in 187, more than 75%. In those products, purchases from each one’s dominant supplier add up to 30.6% of what Chile buys.

Summary

Largest supplier: China
24.5%
Concentration (HHI)
1,181
Products with a supplier above 50%
462
Products with a supplier above 75%
187

Concentration index (HHI): 1,181 out of 10,000; equivalent to splitting purchases among 8 suppliers of the same size

Trend

Trend in shares

China went from 2.9% to 24.5% of what Chile buys

Share (%)

  • China 24.5%
  • United States 19.2%
  • Brazil 8.7%
  • Argentina 8.4%
  • Germany 4%

Source: CEPII BACI

Show the numbers
YearLargest supplierShare
1995United States25.4%
1996United States25.5%
1997United States24.4%
1998United States24.8%
1999United States21.2%
2000United States18.8%
2001United States18.4%
2002Argentina18.5%
2003Argentina19.6%
2004Argentina17.4%
2005United States15.8%
2006United States15.7%
2007United States16.9%
2008United States19%
2009United States18.9%
2010China17.7%
2011United States21%
2012United States23.7%
2013United States21%
2014United States20.6%
2015China22.7%
2016China22.7%
2017China23.9%
2018China22.5%
2019China23.4%
2020China27%
2021China29.9%
2022China25.7%
2023China23.4%
2024China24.5%

Its suppliers

  1. China$20.3 billion · 24.5%
  2. United States$15.9 billion · 19.2%
  3. Brazil$7.2 billion · 8.7%
  4. Argentina$6.9 billion · 8.4%
  5. Germany$3.3 billion · 4%
  6. Peru$2.1 billion · 2.5%
  7. Japan$2.1 billion · 2.5%
  8. France$2 billion · 2.4%
  9. Mexico$1.9 billion · 2.3%
  10. Spain$1.9 billion · 2.3%

Products with a dominant supplier

Of the 919 products Chile buys for more than $1 million in 2024, these are the highest-value ones with a dominant supplier.

ProductSupplierShareSecondValue
Refined petroleumUnited States81.7%over 75%South Korea · 7.1%$7 billion
Cameras and broadcast equipmentChina66.4%Vietnam · 18.9%$2.2 billion
Airplanes and helicoptersFrance50.3%Germany · 47%$1.6 billion
ComputersChina50.3%Mexico · 21%$1.4 billion
Molybdenum orePeru80.4%over 75%Mexico · 9.1%$843 million
CoalColombia66.7%United States · 16.8%$725 million
BatteriesChina78.8%over 75%South Korea · 7.7%$702 million
CornArgentina87.2%over 75%Paraguay · 7.2%$588 million
Generating setsChina58.9%Spain · 17.5%$488 million
Monitors and projectorsChina59.8%Mexico · 26.4%$479 million
Transformers and power suppliesChina59.2%United States · 5.1%$461 million
ToysChina86.4%over 75%Mexico · 3.1%$445 million
Coated flat steelChina89.9%over 75%Japan · 3.9%$370 million
Women's suits and dressesChina72.4%Bangladesh · 10.9%$348 million
Textile footwearChina52.1%Vietnam · 25.2%$347 million
Sweaters and pulloversChina73.5%Bangladesh · 9.5%$335 million
Ethers and organic peroxidesUnited States72%China · 26.8%$332 million
Rubber and plastic footwearChina64.8%Vietnam · 14.8%$327 million
Other iron or steel articlesChina71.3%United States · 7.6%$324 million
PorkBrazil83.6%over 75%United States · 11.5%$322 million
T-shirtsChina57.8%Bangladesh · 15.9%$309 million
Refrigerators, freezers and heat pumpsChina58.5%Italy · 8.3%$291 million
Poultry meatBrazil84.8%over 75%United States · 12.8%$290 million
CarbonatesUnited States92.3%over 75%Turkey · 1.3%$285 million
FurnitureChina52%Brazil · 18.8%$276 million

and 437 more

A product has a dominant supplier when a single country sells more than 50% of what is bought of it; we flag it separately above 75%.

Countries that sell more than 50% of some product; the darker, the higher the value of those products.

Selling: who it relies on

Largest customer: China
37.3%
Concentration (HHI)
1,785

Concentration index (HHI): 1,785 out of 10,000; equivalent to splitting sales among 6 customers of the same size

Trend in shares

China went from 1.8% to 37.3% of what Chile sells

Share (%)

  • China 37.3%
  • United States 16%
  • Japan 7.9%
  • Brazil 5%
  • South Korea 4.6%

Source: CEPII BACI

Show the numbers
YearLargest customerShare
1995Japan17.5%
1996Japan15%
1997Japan15.7%
1998United States16.4%
1999United States18.8%
2000United States16.2%
2001United States18.4%
2002United States21%
2003United States17.7%
2004United States15%
2005United States16.8%
2006United States16%
2007China14.7%
2008China12.8%
2009China22.7%
2010China23.7%
2011China22.5%
2012China22.9%
2013China24.2%
2014China24.1%
2015China25.4%
2016China28.1%
2017China27.3%
2018China32.2%
2019China31.7%
2020China37.9%
2021China38.1%
2022China38.1%
2023China38.3%
2024China37.3%

230 of the 534 products Chile sells for more than $1 million have a customer buying more than 50% of what Chile sells of that product; in 92, more than 75%. In those products, sales to each one’s dominant customer add up to 39.1% of what Chile sells.

ProductCustomerShareSecondValue
Copper oreChina68.3%Japan · 16.6%$30.3 billion
Stone fruit (cherries, peaches, plums)China76%over 75%Hong Kong · 11.2%$4.4 billion
Fish filletsUnited States64.9%Japan · 12.5%$4.1 billion
Chemical wood pulpChina62.4%South Korea · 6.2%$3 billion
CarbonatesChina71.8%South Korea · 12.2%$2.8 billion
Iron oreChina72.4%Bahrain · 16.1%$1.6 billion
GrapesUnited States58.3%China · 4.7%$1.5 billion
GoldSwitzerland63.3%Canada · 18.3%$1.4 billion
Fresh fishBrazil67.8%China · 11.7%$1.3 billion
Refined petroleumBolivia58.8%United States · 19.3%$752 million
Citrus fruitUnited States82.6%over 75%Japan · 5.5%$502 million
Meat and fish mealChina55.6%United States · 14.5%$495 million
New tiresUnited States89.9%over 75%Canada · 5.5%$456 million
PlywoodUnited States56.7%Mexico · 11.1%$445 million
Dissolving wood pulpChina66.1%Thailand · 21.3%$404 million

and 215 more

Concentration compared

The closest countries in the concentration ranking (HHI, highest first).

RankCountryHHI
114Uruguay1,206
115San Marino1,203
116Chile1,181
117Sri Lanka1,175
118Nigeria1,164
119Cuba1,155

Sources and method

Sources and licenses

Methodology

The data come from CEPII BACI (Etalab 2.0 licence), which reconciles what the exporting and the importing country report, in current USD, FOB. Data up to 2024.

Dependence is the share of a country’s imports (or exports) that each partner accounts for. It does not measure whether a product has a substitute or how much it would cost to change supplier.

The concentration index (HHI) adds up the square of each partner’s share, in percent: it runs from 0 to 10,000. Its equivalent is 10,000 ÷ HHI, the number of partners of the same size that would give that value.

Products are HS4 headings of the 1992 nomenclature (some combine different goods), with a floor of $1 million per product and country.

The EU is the 27 current members in every year; the United Kingdom is outside the EU throughout the series.

Re-exports: countries that act as redistribution hubs carry their notice and the figures are not corrected.