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Who does Argentina rely on?

The largest supplier of Argentina in 2024 is Brazil, with 23.5% of what Argentina buys. Its share was 20.4% in 2019 and 20.9% in 1995. 418 of the 851 products Argentina buys for more than $1 million have a supplier selling more than 50% of what Argentina buys of that product; in 151, more than 75%. In those products, purchases from each one’s dominant supplier add up to 27.9% of what Argentina buys.

Summary

Largest supplier: Brazil
23.5%
Concentration (HHI)
1,125
Products with a supplier above 50%
418
Products with a supplier above 75%
151

Concentration index (HHI): 1,125 out of 10,000; equivalent to splitting purchases among 9 suppliers of the same size

Trend

Trend in shares

China went from 3.1% to 18.9% of what Argentina buys

Share (%)

  • Brazil 23.5%
  • China 18.9%
  • United States 10.9%
  • Paraguay 5.6%
  • Germany 4.3%

Source: CEPII BACI

Show the numbers
YearLargest supplierShare
1995United States21%
1996Brazil23.1%
1997Brazil23%
1998Brazil22.2%
1999Brazil21.6%
2000Brazil25.3%
2001Brazil25.7%
2002Brazil27.5%
2003Brazil33.6%
2004Brazil34.2%
2005Brazil36.7%
2006Brazil35.6%
2007Brazil33.7%
2008Brazil32.7%
2009Brazil31.3%
2010Brazil32.6%
2011Brazil31.3%
2012Brazil26%
2013Brazil26.1%
2014Brazil21.9%
2015Brazil21.5%
2016Brazil24.2%
2017Brazil26.2%
2018Brazil23.6%
2019Brazil20.4%
2020China20.3%
2021China21.1%
2022China21.8%
2023Brazil23.4%
2024Brazil23.5%

Its suppliers

  1. Brazil$14.2 billion · 23.5%
  2. China$11.4 billion · 18.9%
  3. United States$6.6 billion · 10.9%
  4. Paraguay$3.4 billion · 5.6%
  5. Germany$2.6 billion · 4.3%
  6. Thailand$1.7 billion · 2.9%
  7. Mexico$1.4 billion · 2.3%
  8. Italy$1.3 billion · 2.2%
  9. India$1.3 billion · 2.2%
  10. Japan$1.2 billion · 2%

Products with a dominant supplier

Of the 851 products Argentina buys for more than $1 million in 2024, these are the highest-value ones with a dominant supplier.

ProductSupplierShareSecondValue
SoybeansParaguay89.5%over 75%Uruguay · 6.5%$3.2 billion
CarsBrazil80%over 75%Mexico · 5.2%$2.9 billion
TrucksBrazil71.7%Mexico · 10.5%$913 million
Iron oreBrazil87.4%over 75%Canada · 8%$637 million
ComputersChina63.3%Mexico · 15.7%$544 million
TractorsBrazil88.6%over 75%China · 4.7%$523 million
Other organo-inorganic compoundsChina50.8%United States · 45.9%$468 million
New tiresBrazil52.4%China · 28.6%$465 million
MotorcyclesChina57.3%India · 19.9%$442 million
Phones and telecom equipmentVietnam59.6%China · 37.8%$402 million
Aluminum oxide and hydroxideAustralia65.9%Brazil · 31.7%$394 million
Spark-ignition enginesBrazil83.2%over 75%United States · 6.3%$339 million
Transformers and power suppliesChina55.6%Brazil · 6.5%$303 million
Harvesters and farm machineryBrazil51.8%United States · 15%$268 million
BananasEcuador67.4%Bolivia · 14.8%$267 million
Generating setsChina71.2%United States · 14.7%$229 million
Air conditionersChina64.5%Brazil · 17.3%$228 million
CoalUnited States68.3%Australia · 17.3%$220 million
Forklifts and works trucksChina59.7%Germany · 7.9%$199 million
Other electrical devicesChina50.1%South Korea · 13.3%$187 million
Coated flat steelBrazil89.6%over 75%South Korea · 5.5%$185 million
Parts for broadcast equipmentChina83.7%over 75%Vietnam · 5.4%$177 million
Citric, lactic and other carboxylic acidsChina60.8%Brazil · 9.8%$169 million
Coated paperBrazil63%China · 10.2%$165 million
CoffeeBrazil69%Switzerland · 12.6%$158 million

and 393 more

A product has a dominant supplier when a single country sells more than 50% of what is bought of it; we flag it separately above 75%.

Countries that sell more than 50% of some product; the darker, the higher the value of those products.

Selling: who it relies on

Largest customer: Brazil
17.3%
Concentration (HHI)
629

Concentration index (HHI): 629 out of 10,000; equivalent to splitting sales among 16 customers of the same size

Trend in shares

Brazil went from 26.8% to 17.3% of what Argentina sells

Share (%)

  • Brazil 17.3%
  • Chile 9.1%
  • United States 8.9%
  • China 7.8%
  • India 5.1%

Source: CEPII BACI

Show the numbers
YearLargest customerShare
1995Brazil26.8%
1996Brazil26.2%
1997Brazil29.2%
1998Brazil29%
1999Brazil24%
2000Brazil25.6%
2001Brazil22.4%
2002Brazil17.5%
2003Brazil14.9%
2004Brazil14.9%
2005Brazil14.8%
2006Brazil16.6%
2007Brazil17.7%
2008Brazil17.9%
2009Brazil19.7%
2010Brazil20.6%
2011Brazil20.6%
2012Brazil20.2%
2013Brazil20.9%
2014Brazil20.1%
2015Brazil17.4%
2016Brazil15.2%
2017Brazil15.5%
2018Brazil17.7%
2019Brazil16%
2020Brazil13.6%
2021Brazil15.8%
2022Brazil14.2%
2023Brazil17.3%
2024Brazil17.3%

244 of the 520 products Argentina sells for more than $1 million have a customer buying more than 50% of what Argentina sells of that product; in 92, more than 75%. In those products, sales to each one’s dominant customer add up to 24.2% of what Argentina sells.

ProductCustomerShareSecondValue
TrucksBrazil64.6%Chile · 7.2%$4.8 billion
CarsBrazil83.3%over 75%Colombia · 4.9%$2.7 billion
Frozen beefChina77.2%over 75%Israel · 6.8%$2.1 billion
WheatBrazil54.2%Indonesia · 22.4%$2 billion
SoybeansChina87.5%over 75%United States · 3.6%$2 billion
Natural gas and LPGChile66.2%Brazil · 20.9%$1.5 billion
Unwrought aluminumUnited States51.1%Brazil · 24.6%$936 million
HormonesUnited States80.1%over 75%Germany · 18.8%$812 million
CarbonatesChina61.8%South Korea · 14.2%$676 million
Auto partsBrazil72.1%Poland · 7.9%$556 million
Powdered and condensed milkBrazil65.5%Algeria · 24.5%$507 million
CheeseBrazil59.2%Chile · 18.5%$421 million
Industrial fatty acids and oilsNetherlands60.2%Brazil · 10.8%$372 million
MaltBrazil85.4%over 75%Chile · 11.5%$363 million
Frozen vegetablesBrazil71.9%Chile · 10.4%$328 million

and 229 more

Concentration compared

The closest countries in the concentration ranking (HHI, highest first).

RankCountryHHI
120Comoros1,151
121Rwanda1,137
122Argentina1,125
123Pakistan1,110
124Samoa1,102
125Zambia1,070

Sources and method

Sources and licenses

Methodology

The data come from CEPII BACI (Etalab 2.0 licence), which reconciles what the exporting and the importing country report, in current USD, FOB. Data up to 2024.

Dependence is the share of a country’s imports (or exports) that each partner accounts for. It does not measure whether a product has a substitute or how much it would cost to change supplier.

The concentration index (HHI) adds up the square of each partner’s share, in percent: it runs from 0 to 10,000. Its equivalent is 10,000 ÷ HHI, the number of partners of the same size that would give that value.

Products are HS4 headings of the 1992 nomenclature (some combine different goods), with a floor of $1 million per product and country.

The EU is the 27 current members in every year; the United Kingdom is outside the EU throughout the series.

Re-exports: countries that act as redistribution hubs carry their notice and the figures are not corrected.