How dependent is Spain on the United States?

A product has a dominant supplier when a single country sells more than 50% of what is bought of it; we flag it separately above 75%.

• The United States sells 46.2% of what the world exports of other nuts (almonds, walnuts); next come Turkey (10%), China (5.7%) and Australia (4.4%). The rest of the world exported 19.5 times what Spain buys from the United States.
• The United States sells 21.8% of what the world exports of petroleum coke and bitumen; next come Canada (9.4%), Singapore (5.3%) and United Arab Emirates (4.4%). The rest of the world exported 126.7 times what Spain buys from the United States.
• The United States sells 21.9% of what the world exports of sculptures; next come United Kingdom (15.7%), France (10%) and Switzerland (8.6%). The rest of the world exported 124 times what Spain buys from the United States.
• The United States sells 9.6% of what the world exports of isotopes and their compounds; next come Ireland (45%), China (10.1%) and Hong Kong (9.5%). The rest of the world exported 195.1 times what Spain buys from the United States.
• The United States sells 33.6% of what the world exports of zirconium; next come France (34.2%), China (13.8%) and Germany (6.1%). The rest of the world exported 30.4 times what Spain buys from the United States.
• The United States sells 17% of what the world exports of military weapons; next come South Korea (27.3%), Poland (17%) and Azerbaijan (9%). The rest of the world exported 254.8 times what Spain buys from the United States.
• The United States sells 4.9% of what the world exports of other slag and ash; next come India (16.1%), China (13.8%) and Turkey (9.4%). The rest of the world exported 90.3 times what Spain buys from the United States.
• The United States sells 27.6% of what the world exports of original engravings, prints and lithographs; next come United Kingdom (21.5%), France (10.2%) and Germany (7.5%). The rest of the world exported 117.2 times what Spain buys from the United States.
• The United States sells 5.7% of what the world exports of raw furskins; next come Finland (31.9%), Denmark (30.8%) and Poland (9.8%). The rest of the world exported 345.7 times what Spain buys from the United States.
• The United States sells 10.8% of what the world exports of instrument panel clocks for vehicles and vessels; next come China (34.8%), Denmark (11.8%) and France (6.8%). The rest of the world exported 32 times what Spain buys from the United States.

Exports from the rest of the world already have buyers; the figure shows scale, not availability.

Spain is the United States’ 16th-largest customer, with 1.5% of its exports.

• Trade between Spain and the United States
• Who does Spain rely on?
• Who does the United States rely on?
• Dependence of Spain on China
• Dependence of Spain on France
• Dependence of Spain on Morocco
• Dependence of Spain on Brazil
• Dependence of Spain on the United Kingdom
• Dependence of Spain on Ukraine
• Dependence of Spain on Italy
• Dependence of Spain on Switzerland
• Trade profile of Spain
• Trade profile of the United States
• All countries

Sources and licenses

• CEPII BACI · Licence Ouverte Etalab 2.0
• Natural Earth · Public domain

Methodology

The data come from CEPII BACI (Etalab 2.0 licence), which reconciles what the exporting and the importing country report, in current USD, FOB. Data up to 2024.

Dependence is the share of a country’s imports (or exports) that each partner accounts for. It does not measure whether a product has a substitute or how much it would cost to change supplier.

The concentration index (HHI) adds up the square of each partner’s share, in percent: it runs from 0 to 10,000. Its equivalent is 10,000 ÷ HHI, the number of partners of the same size that would give that value.

Products are HS4 headings of the 1992 nomenclature (some combine different goods), with a floor of $1 million per product and country.

The EU is the 27 current members in every year; the United Kingdom is outside the EU throughout the series.

Re-exports: countries that act as redistribution hubs carry their notice and the figures are not corrected.