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How dependent is Spain on the United Kingdom?

In 2024, the United Kingdom sold $10.6 billion to Spain, 2.4% of its imports, ranking 9th among its suppliers. Its share was 3.7% in 2019 and 7.8% in 1995. In 3 products it sells more than 50% of what Spain buys of them (in 0, more than 75%); what Spain buys from the United Kingdom in those products (dominated value) adds up to $1.7 billion, 0.38% of its imports.

Summary

Share of its imports
2.4%
Share of its imports from outside the EU
4.7%
Value imported
$10.6billion
Rank among its suppliers
9th
Products where it sells over 50%
3
Products where it sells over 75%
0
Dominated value
$1.7billion
Share of total imports
0.4%

Trend

Trend in shares

The United Kingdom went from 7.8% to 2.4% of what Spain buys

Share (%)

  • United Kingdom 2.4%

Source: CEPII BACI

Show the numbers
YearValue (USD millions)ShareRank
19959,0397.8%4
199610,5658.4%4
199710,2498.1%4
199810,6677.6%4
199911,2387.4%4
200011,3097.1%4
200111,1346.9%4
200211,2776.6%4
200313,7056.3%4
200416,1546.2%4
200516,7675.7%4
200617,4985.2%5
200719,6255.1%5
200818,6684.5%5
200913,7864.7%5
201014,4954.5%5
201115,0164.2%5
201213,5114%6
201313,2704%8
201414,9294.2%5
201514,2814.6%5
201612,6034%8
201713,0373.7%8
201813,6853.6%8
201913,3753.7%8
202010,8233.4%8
202110,2472.5%10
202211,6812.4%8
202311,3562.5%8
202410,5652.4%9

Products where the United Kingdom sells more than half

ProductSupplierShareSecondValue
Precious metal scrapUnited Kingdom57.7%France · 26.7%$948 million
Radioactive elementsUnited Kingdom64.3%China · 18.3%$668 million
Stainless steel ingots and semi-finished productsUnited Kingdom58.9%United States · 12.1%$49 million

A product has a dominant supplier when a single country sells more than 50% of what is bought of it; we flag it separately above 75%.

Are there other suppliers in the world?

  • The United Kingdom sells 4.8% of what the world exports of precious metal scrap; next come United States (22.2%), Indonesia (15.7%) and Belgium (5.5%). The rest of the world exported 26.9 times what Spain buys from the United Kingdom.
  • The United Kingdom sells 9.1% of what the world exports of radioactive elements; next come Kazakhstan (18.8%), Canada (17.6%) and Russia (11.8%). The rest of the world exported 34 times what Spain buys from the United Kingdom.
  • The United Kingdom sells 10.7% of what the world exports of stainless steel ingots and semi-finished products; next come Indonesia (57.6%), Sweden (5.1%) and Italy (4.9%). The rest of the world exported 79.6 times what Spain buys from the United Kingdom.

Exports from the rest of the world already have buyers; the figure shows scale, not availability.

Seen from the United Kingdom

Spain is the United Kingdom’s 10th-largest customer, with 2.6% of its exports.

Sources and method

Sources and licenses

Methodology

The data come from CEPII BACI (Etalab 2.0 licence), which reconciles what the exporting and the importing country report, in current USD, FOB. Data up to 2024.

Dependence is the share of a country’s imports (or exports) that each partner accounts for. It does not measure whether a product has a substitute or how much it would cost to change supplier.

The concentration index (HHI) adds up the square of each partner’s share, in percent: it runs from 0 to 10,000. Its equivalent is 10,000 ÷ HHI, the number of partners of the same size that would give that value.

Products are HS4 headings of the 1992 nomenclature (some combine different goods), with a floor of $1 million per product and country.

The EU is the 27 current members in every year; the United Kingdom is outside the EU throughout the series.

Re-exports: countries that act as redistribution hubs carry their notice and the figures are not corrected.