How dependent is Spain on Morocco?

A product has a dominant supplier when a single country sells more than 50% of what is bought of it; we flag it separately above 75%.

• Morocco sells 3.9% of what the world exports of cables and wire; next come China (20.3%), Mexico (11.1%) and United States (6%). The rest of the world exported 66 times what Spain buys from Morocco.
• Morocco sells 17.6% of what the world exports of fresh legumes (peas and beans); next come China (15.3%), Mexico (14.1%) and Guatemala (9.7%). The rest of the world exported 9 times what Spain buys from Morocco.
• Morocco sells 30% of what the world exports of phosphoric acid; next come China (12.9%), Jordan (11.7%) and Senegal (8%). The rest of the world exported 25.9 times what Spain buys from Morocco.
• Morocco sells 25.4% of what the world exports of natural phosphates; next come Jordan (20.2%), Peru (11.5%) and Egypt (9.5%). The rest of the world exported 116.6 times what Spain buys from Morocco.
• Morocco sells 1.1% of what the world exports of cucumbers and gherkins; next come Mexico (24.1%), Netherlands (16.6%) and Canada (14.5%). The rest of the world exported 156.8 times what Spain buys from Morocco.
• Morocco sells 0.45% of what the world exports of used clothing; next come United States (17.9%), China (13.3%) and United Kingdom (9.3%). The rest of the world exported 272.6 times what Spain buys from Morocco.
• Morocco sells 41.1% of what the world exports of phosphate fertilizers; next come China (17.5%), Israel (11.5%) and Egypt (10.9%). The rest of the world exported 138.5 times what Spain buys from Morocco.

Exports from the rest of the world already have buyers; the figure shows scale, not availability.

Spain is Morocco’s 1st-largest customer, with 19.2% of its exports.

• Trade between Spain and Morocco
• Who does Spain rely on?
• Who does Morocco rely on?
• Dependence of Spain on China
• Dependence of Spain on France
• Dependence of Spain on Brazil
• Dependence of Spain on the United Kingdom
• Dependence of Spain on Ukraine
• Dependence of Spain on the United States
• Dependence of Spain on Italy
• Dependence of Spain on Switzerland
• Trade profile of Spain
• Trade profile of Morocco
• All countries

Sources and licenses

• CEPII BACI · Licence Ouverte Etalab 2.0
• Natural Earth · Public domain

Methodology

The data come from CEPII BACI (Etalab 2.0 licence), which reconciles what the exporting and the importing country report, in current USD, FOB. Data up to 2024.

Dependence is the share of a country’s imports (or exports) that each partner accounts for. It does not measure whether a product has a substitute or how much it would cost to change supplier.

The concentration index (HHI) adds up the square of each partner’s share, in percent: it runs from 0 to 10,000. Its equivalent is 10,000 ÷ HHI, the number of partners of the same size that would give that value.

Products are HS4 headings of the 1992 nomenclature (some combine different goods), with a floor of $1 million per product and country.

The EU is the 27 current members in every year; the United Kingdom is outside the EU throughout the series.

Re-exports: countries that act as redistribution hubs carry their notice and the figures are not corrected.