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Who does the Philippines rely on?

The largest supplier of the Philippines in 2024 is China, with 26.9% of what the Philippines buys. Its share was 23% in 2019 and 4.1% in 1995. 509 of the 975 products the Philippines buys for more than $1 million have a supplier selling more than 50% of what the Philippines buys of that product; in 188, more than 75%. In those products, purchases from each one’s dominant supplier add up to 25.5% of what the Philippines buys.

Summary

Largest supplier: China
26.9%
Concentration (HHI)
1,066
Products with a supplier above 50%
509
Products with a supplier above 75%
188

Concentration index (HHI): 1,066 out of 10,000; equivalent to splitting purchases among 9 suppliers of the same size

Trend

Trend in shares

China went from 4.1% to 26.9% of what the Philippines buys

Share (%)

  • China 26.9%
  • Indonesia 8.3%
  • Japan 7.6%
  • South Korea 7.3%
  • United States 6.4%

Source: CEPII BACI

Show the numbers
YearLargest supplierShare
1995Japan27.3%
1996Japan22.5%
1997Japan20.7%
1998Japan19.2%
1999Japan22.1%
2000Japan19.4%
2001Japan21.4%
2002Japan17.3%
2003Japan19.1%
2004Japan16.3%
2005Japan13.7%
2006Japan13.2%
2007Japan12.5%
2008Japan11.8%
2009Japan11.5%
2010Japan11.7%
2011China13.1%
2012China13.1%
2013China15%
2014China16.7%
2015China20%
2016China20%
2017China20.2%
2018China20.5%
2019China23%
2020China24.6%
2021China24.2%
2022China22.1%
2023China23.7%
2024China26.9%

Its suppliers

  1. China$37.3 billion · 26.9%
  2. Indonesia$11.6 billion · 8.3%
  3. Japan$10.5 billion · 7.6%
  4. South Korea$10.1 billion · 7.3%
  5. United States$8.8 billion · 6.4%
  6. Thailand$7.9 billion · 5.7%
  7. Malaysia$6.1 billion · 4.4%
  8. Singapore$6.1 billion · 4.4%
  9. Vietnam$5.7 billion · 4.1%
  10. Taiwan$4.3 billion · 3.1%

Some of these goods may have been produced in another country: countries record origin in different ways.

Products with a dominant supplier

Of the 975 products the Philippines buys for more than $1 million in 2024, these are the highest-value ones with a dominant supplier.

ProductSupplierShareSecondValue
CoalIndonesia98.4%over 75%Vietnam · 1.2%$3.3 billion
RiceVietnam73%Thailand · 12.2%$2.5 billion
TrucksThailand59.5%Japan · 15.1%$2.2 billion
MotorcyclesIndonesia60.6%China · 16.2%$1.5 billion
Soybean meal and pelletsUnited States91.4%over 75%Argentina · 6%$1.5 billion
Printed circuit boardsChina50.6%Japan · 19.3%$1.2 billion
Coated flat steelChina63.7%Japan · 26.4%$1 billion
ComputersChina63.7%Singapore · 11.6%$1 billion
Palm oilMalaysia60.9%Indonesia · 38.4%$943 million
Transformers and power suppliesChina55.3%Japan · 8.2%$843 million
Turbojets and gas turbinesSingapore51.3%United States · 8.9%$744 million
Precious metal oreAustralia73.4%Canada · 24.8%$630 million
Bags, suitcases and casesChina80.5%over 75%Italy · 5%$625 million
Steel structuresChina76.1%over 75%Vietnam · 6%$617 million
Phones and telecom equipmentChina78.8%over 75%South Korea · 11.9%$606 million
Iron oreBrazil93.6%over 75%Canada · 2.9%$603 million
FurnitureChina78.8%over 75%Malaysia · 8.2%$581 million
Plastic sheets and filmChina52.8%South Korea · 10.1%$578 million
Instant coffee and tea extractsIndonesia64.6%Vietnam · 21.8%$574 million
Monitors and projectorsChina58.7%Vietnam · 17.1%$545 million
Discs and storage mediaSingapore74.4%China · 8.5%$519 million
Ceramic tilesChina81.6%over 75%Vietnam · 7.6%$518 million
CementVietnam79.2%over 75%Japan · 8%$514 million
Motorcycle and bicycle partsIndonesia70.1%China · 13.9%$503 million
Refrigerators, freezers and heat pumpsChina57.1%Thailand · 13%$503 million

and 484 more

A product has a dominant supplier when a single country sells more than 50% of what is bought of it; we flag it separately above 75%.

Some of these goods may have been produced in another country: countries record origin in different ways.

Countries that sell more than 50% of some product; the darker, the higher the value of those products.

Selling: who it relies on

Largest customer: China
18.9%
Concentration (HHI)
921

Concentration index (HHI): 921 out of 10,000; equivalent to splitting sales among 11 customers of the same size

Trend in shares

The United States went from 39.3% to 14.3% of what the Philippines sells

Share (%)

  • China 18.9%
  • United States 14.3%
  • Hong Kong 11.5%
  • Japan 10.6%
  • Germany 4.7%

Source: CEPII BACI

Show the numbers
YearLargest customerShare
1995United States39.3%
1996United States37.1%
1997United States33.2%
1998United States35%
1999United States33.2%
2000United States30.3%
2001United States26.7%
2002United States24.8%
2003United States19.8%
2004United States16.6%
2005China19.9%
2006China24.2%
2007China27.7%
2008China25.4%
2009China19.5%
2010China20.8%
2011China17.3%
2012China22.8%
2013China22%
2014China17.8%
2015China21.3%
2016China19.6%
2017China18.7%
2018China18%
2019China17.8%
2020China21.2%
2021China19.2%
2022China16.7%
2023China18.2%
2024China18.9%

262 of the 567 products the Philippines sells for more than $1 million have a customer buying more than 50% of what the Philippines sells of that product; in 132, more than 75%. In those products, sales to each one’s dominant customer add up to 13.9% of what the Philippines sells.

ProductCustomerShareSecondValue
Nickel oreChina76.8%over 75%Indonesia · 22.4%$2 billion
BananasJapan52%China · 18.1%$1.4 billion
Cameras and broadcast equipmentUnited States59.1%China · 6.8%$1.4 billion
Electric motors and generatorsSouth Korea52.7%Hong Kong · 12.3%$1.3 billion
Copper oreChina71.4%Japan · 12.8%$956 million
Wood joineryJapan99.8%over 75%United States · 0.13%$876 million
Bags, suitcases and casesUnited States55.3%Japan · 9.9%$859 million
Cargo and cruise shipsJapan71.5%South Korea · 10.9%$732 million
Nickel matteJapan100%over 75%China · 0.01%$591 million
CoalChina79.2%over 75%South Korea · 16.5%$577 million
Valves and tapsVietnam67.6%United States · 8.2%$515 million
LigniteChina100%over 75%—$514 million
New tiresUnited States59.7%Canada · 8.4%$486 million
Radar, GPS receivers and remote controlsJapan75.2%over 75%United States · 10.9%$433 million
Iron oreJapan92.9%over 75%China · 7.1%$385 million

and 247 more

Concentration compared

The closest countries in the concentration ranking (HHI, highest first).

RankCountryHHI
126Maldives1,069
127Thailand1,067
128Philippines1,066
129Algeria1,058
130Nicaragua1,053
131Bolivia1,051

Sources and method

Sources and licenses

Methodology

The data come from CEPII BACI (Etalab 2.0 licence), which reconciles what the exporting and the importing country report, in current USD, FOB. Data up to 2024.

Dependence is the share of a country’s imports (or exports) that each partner accounts for. It does not measure whether a product has a substitute or how much it would cost to change supplier.

The concentration index (HHI) adds up the square of each partner’s share, in percent: it runs from 0 to 10,000. Its equivalent is 10,000 ÷ HHI, the number of partners of the same size that would give that value.

Products are HS4 headings of the 1992 nomenclature (some combine different goods), with a floor of $1 million per product and country.

The EU is the 27 current members in every year; the United Kingdom is outside the EU throughout the series.

Re-exports: countries that act as redistribution hubs carry their notice and the figures are not corrected.