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How much of Poland’s trade passes through the Turkish Straits?

In 2024, an estimated $30.5 billion of Poland’s trade passed through the Turkish Straits, 7.7% of its seaborne trade. That is $16.8 billion of exports and $13.7 billion of imports. The partners with the most trade through it are Romania, Turkey and Ukraine.

Summary

Estimated value
$30.5billion
Of its seaborne trade
7.7%
Exports
$16.8billion
Imports
$13.7billion

Trend

Estimated value per year

Poland’s estimated trade through the Turkish Straits rose 55% between 2019 and 2024

Value in USD billions

  • Poland 30.5

Source: CEPII BACI

Show the numbers
YearEstimated valueOf its seaborne trade
1995$1.2 billion4.3%
1996$1.2 billion3.7%
1997$1.5 billion4%
1998$1.5 billion3.7%
1999$1.3 billion3.3%
2000$1.6 billion3.7%
2001$1.9 billion4.2%
2002$2.4 billion4.6%
2003$3.2 billion4.9%
2004$5 billion5.9%
2005$6.4 billion6.5%
2006$7.3 billion6.3%
2007$9.8 billion6.4%
2008$11.3 billion6.1%
2009$8.6 billion6.1%
2010$11.3 billion7%
2011$13.8 billion7.2%
2012$14.1 billion7.9%
2013$14.4 billion7.3%
2014$15.1 billion7.2%
2015$14.5 billion7.3%
2016$15.1 billion7.4%
2017$17.6 billion7.6%
2018$20.7 billion7.8%
2019$19.7 billion7.4%
2020$19 billion7.2%
2021$24.7 billion7.3%
2022$27.9 billion7.4%
2023$30.3 billion7.7%
2024$30.5 billion7.7%

Partners whose trade crosses it

Estimated value of its trade with each partner that crosses the chokepoint; the percentage is the share of all its trade through the chokepoint, not of the pair’s trade.

  1. Poland–Romania$10.7 billion · 35%
  2. Poland–Turkey$9.3 billion · 30.4%
  3. Poland–Ukraine$4.8 billion · 15.8%
  4. Poland–Bulgaria$2.5 billion · 8.1%
  5. Poland–Kazakhstan$1.3 billion · 4.3%
  6. Poland–Moldova$511 million · 1.7%
  7. Poland–Georgia$370 million · 1.2%
  8. Poland–Uzbekistan$345 million · 1.1%
  9. Poland–Russia$287 million · 0.94%
  10. Poland–Azerbaijan$191 million · 0.63%

What crosses it

The products with the highest estimated value in 2024, with their share of the total through the chokepoint.

  1. Auto parts$1.5 billion · 5%
  2. Cars$1.4 billion · 4.5%
  3. Refined petroleum$895 million · 2.9%
  4. Trucks$579 million · 1.9%
  5. Iron ore$479 million · 1.6%
  6. Sunflower, safflower and cottonseed oil$390 million · 1.3%
  7. New tires$389 million · 1.3%
  8. Hot-rolled flat steel$366 million · 1.2%
  9. Cables and wire$359 million · 1.2%
  10. Coal$314 million · 1%

Reference ports

Gdańsk (100%)

Each port with the weight it receives from the country’s trade, based on where its GDP is generated and which coast is closest.

Other chokepoints it uses

Sources and method

Sources and licenses

Methodology

We estimate the value crossing each chokepoint from BACI trade that travels by sea according to our mode heuristic, split between each country’s ports by where its GDP is generated and which coast is closest, and routed over our own sea network. It is an estimate, not a count of ships. It covers 99.9% of seaborne trade. The approach follows Verschuur, Lumma and Hall (Nature Communications, 2025). Data up to 2024.

The Bosporus and the Dardanelles are counted together: they are the two gates between the Black Sea and the Mediterranean.

All maritime chokepoints