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How much of Poland’s trade passes through the Strait of Gibraltar?

In 2024, an estimated $122.4 billion of Poland’s trade passed through the Strait of Gibraltar, 30.9% of its seaborne trade. That is $57.8 billion of exports and $64.6 billion of imports. The partners with the most trade through it are Italy, Hungary and Turkey.

Summary

Estimated value
$122.4billion
Of its seaborne trade
30.9%
Exports
$57.8billion
Imports
$64.6billion

Trend

Estimated value per year

Poland’s estimated trade through the Strait of Gibraltar in 2024 was about the same as in 2019

Value in USD billions

  • Poland 122

Source: CEPII BACI

Show the numbers
YearEstimated valueOf its seaborne trade
1995$10.9 billion38.4%
1996$12.8 billion38.6%
1997$14.8 billion39.8%
1998$15.3 billion38.6%
1999$15.4 billion38.8%
2000$16.2 billion37.9%
2001$17.1 billion36.6%
2002$19.5 billion37.3%
2003$24.4 billion37.4%
2004$33 billion39%
2005$38.9 billion39.7%
2006$47.4 billion40.6%
2007$64 billion41.9%
2008$78.1 billion42.5%
2009$60.6 billion43.1%
2010$70.3 billion43.2%
2011$82.4 billion42.8%
2012$77.4 billion43%
2013$82.9 billion41.9%
2014$91.5 billion43.6%
2015$88.1 billion44%
2016$90.9 billion44.6%
2017$103.6 billion44.9%
2018$118.3 billion44.6%
2019$121.5 billion45.7%
2020$124.3 billion47.3%
2021$162.2 billion48.2%
2022$182.6 billion48.2%
2023$185.1 billion47.2%
2024$122.4 billion30.9%

Partners whose trade crosses it

Estimated value of its trade with each partner that crosses the chokepoint; the percentage is the share of all its trade through the chokepoint, not of the pair’s trade.

  1. Poland–Italy$30.2 billion · 24.7%
  2. Poland–Hungary$12.7 billion · 10.4%
  3. Poland–Turkey$12.2 billion · 9.9%
  4. Poland–Romania$10.7 billion · 8.7%
  5. Poland–Austria$10.6 billion · 8.7%
  6. Poland–Saudi Arabia$9.3 billion · 7.6%
  7. Poland–China$7 billion · 5.7%
  8. Poland–Ukraine$4.8 billion · 3.9%
  9. Poland–Greece$2.6 billion · 2.1%
  10. Poland–Bulgaria$2.5 billion · 2%

What crosses it

The products with the highest estimated value in 2024, with their share of the total through the chokepoint.

  1. Crude petroleum$8.2 billion · 6.7%
  2. Auto parts$5.5 billion · 4.5%
  3. Cars$5.2 billion · 4.2%
  4. Trucks$2 billion · 1.7%
  5. Cables and wire$1.4 billion · 1.2%
  6. Refined petroleum$1.3 billion · 1.1%
  7. Furniture$1.3 billion · 1.1%
  8. New tires$1.2 billion · 0.98%
  9. Engine parts$1.2 billion · 0.95%
  10. Seats and chairs$1.1 billion · 0.89%

If it closes

  • Italy–Poland: +11,018 nautical miles, ≈ 33 days more at 14 knots, via the Suez Canal, the Bab-el-Mandeb Strait, the Cape of Good Hope, the Strait of Dover and the Øresund

Estimated sailing detour, without costs, waiting or port capacity.

Reference ports

Gdańsk (100%)

Each port with the weight it receives from the country’s trade, based on where its GDP is generated and which coast is closest.

Other chokepoints it uses

Sources and method

Sources and licenses

Methodology

We estimate the value crossing each chokepoint from BACI trade that travels by sea according to our mode heuristic, split between each country’s ports by where its GDP is generated and which coast is closest, and routed over our own sea network. It is an estimate, not a count of ships. It covers 99.9% of seaborne trade. The approach follows Verschuur, Lumma and Hall (Nature Communications, 2025). Data up to 2024.

All maritime chokepoints