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How much of Belarus’ trade passes through the Turkish Straits?

In 2024, an estimated $3.8 billion of Belarus’ trade passed through the Turkish Straits, 23.2% of its seaborne trade. That is $2.1 billion of exports and $1.7 billion of imports. The partners with the most trade through it are Turkey, Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan.

Summary

Estimated value
$3.8billion
Of its seaborne trade
23.2%
Exports
$2.1billion
Imports
$1.7billion

Trend

Estimated value per year

Belarus’ estimated trade through the Turkish Straits rose 47% between 2019 and 2024

Value in USD billions

  • Belarus 3.8

Source: CEPII BACI

Show the numbers
YearEstimated valueOf its seaborne trade
1995$133 million6.5%
1996$205 million10.3%
1997$114 million5.5%
1998$412 million11.7%
1999$285 million8.6%
2000$280 million7.6%
2001$278 million7.6%
2002$295 million6.6%
2003$349 million6.7%
2004$579 million7.2%
2005$716 million6.6%
2006$959 million6.7%
2007$1.4 billion8.1%
2008$1.9 billion8%
2009$1.3 billion7.8%
2010$1.9 billion9.7%
2011$3 billion10.2%
2012$2.3 billion8.1%
2013$2.4 billion10.2%
2014$2.5 billion12%
2015$1.8 billion9.8%
2016$1.8 billion11.9%
2017$2.4 billion13%
2018$3 billion13.4%
2019$2.6 billion12.5%
2020$2.7 billion14.6%
2021$3.3 billion17.2%
2022$3.5 billion24.3%
2023$3.8 billion21.9%
2024$3.8 billion23.2%

Partners whose trade crosses it

Estimated value of its trade with each partner that crosses the chokepoint; the percentage is the share of all its trade through the chokepoint, not of the pair’s trade.

  1. Belarus–Turkey$1.3 billion · 33.4%
  2. Belarus–Kazakhstan$837 million · 22%
  3. Belarus–Uzbekistan$658 million · 17.3%
  4. Belarus–Azerbaijan$418 million · 11%
  5. Belarus–Georgia$168 million · 4.4%
  6. Belarus–Moldova$156 million · 4.1%
  7. Belarus–Armenia$112 million · 3%
  8. Belarus–Kyrgyzstan$81 million · 2.1%
  9. Belarus–Bulgaria$66 million · 1.7%
  10. Belarus–Romania$34 million · 0.9%

What crosses it

The products with the highest estimated value in 2024, with their share of the total through the chokepoint.

  1. Sawn wood$231 million · 6.1%
  2. Other knitted fabric$218 million · 5.7%
  3. Tractors$161 million · 4.2%
  4. Refined petroleum$158 million · 4.2%
  5. Fresh beef$146 million · 3.9%
  6. Auto parts$121 million · 3.2%
  7. Cheese$83 million · 2.2%
  8. Powdered and condensed milk$78 million · 2.1%
  9. Particle board and OSB$75 million · 2%
  10. Medicines in measured doses or retail packs$59 million · 1.6%

Reference ports

Klaipeda (100%)

Each port with the weight it receives from the country’s trade, based on where its GDP is generated and which coast is closest.

Other chokepoints it uses

Sources and method

Sources and licenses

Methodology

We estimate the value crossing each chokepoint from BACI trade that travels by sea according to our mode heuristic, split between each country’s ports by where its GDP is generated and which coast is closest, and routed over our own sea network. It is an estimate, not a count of ships. It covers 99.9% of seaborne trade. The approach follows Verschuur, Lumma and Hall (Nature Communications, 2025). Data up to 2024.

The Bosporus and the Dardanelles are counted together: they are the two gates between the Black Sea and the Mediterranean.

All maritime chokepoints