How dependent is Singapore on Indonesia?

A product has a dominant supplier when a single country sells more than 50% of what is bought of it; we flag it separately above 75%.

• Indonesia sells 2.4% of what the world exports of petroleum coke and bitumen; next come United States (21.8%), Canada (9.4%) and United Arab Emirates (4.4%). The rest of the world exported 44.6 times what Singapore buys from Indonesia.
• Indonesia sells 26.7% of what the world exports of unwrought tin; next come Peru (15%), Bolivia (10.3%) and Malaysia (8.6%). The rest of the world exported 22.3 times what Singapore buys from Indonesia.
• Indonesia sells 26.7% of what the world exports of artificial staple fiber (viscose); next come Austria (27.5%), China (14.7%) and Thailand (11.5%). The rest of the world exported 17.8 times what Singapore buys from Indonesia.
• Indonesia sells 11.8% of what the world exports of audio and video equipment parts; next come China (40.2%), Japan (5.3%) and Germany (4.9%). The rest of the world exported 7.5 times what Singapore buys from Indonesia.
• Indonesia sells 20.7% of what the world exports of dissolving wood pulp; next come South Africa (13.7%), Brazil (12.6%) and United States (10%). The rest of the world exported 60.7 times what Singapore buys from Indonesia.
• Indonesia sells 1.9% of what the world exports of raw tobacco; next come Brazil (19.9%), Zimbabwe (10.3%) and India (9.7%). The rest of the world exported 268.9 times what Singapore buys from Indonesia.
• Indonesia sells 19.9% of what the world exports of coal; next come Australia (33.5%), Russia (12.6%) and United States (10.6%). The rest of the world exported 3,491.9 times what Singapore buys from Indonesia.
• Indonesia sells 63.1% of what the world exports of edible insects and other animal products; next come Malaysia (22.2%), Hong Kong (3.9%) and China (3.5%). The rest of the world exported 9.5 times what Singapore buys from Indonesia.
• Indonesia sells 33.9% of what the world exports of coconut and palm kernel oil; next come Philippines (26.6%), Malaysia (15.4%) and Netherlands (5.9%). The rest of the world exported 212.8 times what Singapore buys from Indonesia.
• Indonesia sells 10.2% of what the world exports of electric shavers and hair clippers; next come China (38.6%), Netherlands (15.4%) and Germany (11.2%). The rest of the world exported 189.5 times what Singapore buys from Indonesia.

Exports from the rest of the world already have buyers; the figure shows scale, not availability.

Singapore is Indonesia’s 5th-largest customer, with 5% of its exports.

• Trade between Singapore and Indonesia
• Who does Singapore rely on?
• Who does Indonesia rely on?
• Dependence of Singapore on China
• Dependence of Singapore on the United States
• Dependence of Singapore on Malaysia
• Dependence of Singapore on South Korea
• Dependence of Singapore on Switzerland
• Dependence of Singapore on Saudi Arabia
• Dependence of Singapore on France
• Dependence of Singapore on Thailand
• Dependence of Singapore on India
• Dependence of Singapore on Brazil
• Dependence of Singapore on Vietnam
• Trade profile of Singapore
• Trade profile of Indonesia
• All countries

Sources and licenses

• CEPII BACI · Licence Ouverte Etalab 2.0
• Natural Earth · Public domain

Methodology

The data come from CEPII BACI (Etalab 2.0 licence), which reconciles what the exporting and the importing country report, in current USD, FOB. Data up to 2024.

Dependence is the share of a country’s imports (or exports) that each partner accounts for. It does not measure whether a product has a substitute or how much it would cost to change supplier.

The concentration index (HHI) adds up the square of each partner’s share, in percent: it runs from 0 to 10,000. Its equivalent is 10,000 ÷ HHI, the number of partners of the same size that would give that value.

Products are HS4 headings of the 1992 nomenclature (some combine different goods), with a floor of $1 million per product and country.

The EU is the 27 current members in every year; the United Kingdom is outside the EU throughout the series.

Re-exports: countries that act as redistribution hubs carry their notice and the figures are not corrected.