How dependent is Singapore on Malaysia?

and 36 more

A product has a dominant supplier when a single country sells more than 50% of what is bought of it; we flag it separately above 75%.

• Malaysia sells 10.3% of what the world exports of steel bars; next come Turkey (11.5%), China (10.8%) and Italy (6.2%). The rest of the world exported 23 times what Singapore buys from Malaysia.
• Malaysia sells 7.8% of what the world exports of cement and concrete articles; next come China (20.3%), Germany (8.9%) and Spain (6.4%). The rest of the world exported 14.8 times what Singapore buys from Malaysia.
• Malaysia sells 3.2% of what the world exports of massage and respiratory therapy devices; next come China (34.8%), Mexico (6.8%) and United States (6.3%). The rest of the world exported 48.6 times what Singapore buys from Malaysia.
• Malaysia sells 2.4% of what the world exports of motorcycle and bicycle parts; next come China (37%), Taiwan (12%) and Japan (6.7%). The rest of the world exported 80.1 times what Singapore buys from Malaysia.
• Malaysia sells 1.2% of what the world exports of soft drinks; next come Austria (9.8%), Germany (8.4%) and Netherlands (7.9%). The rest of the world exported 144.1 times what Singapore buys from Malaysia.
• Malaysia sells 4.8% of what the world exports of live poultry; next come Germany (18.8%), France (10.4%) and United States (8.8%). The rest of the world exported 20.8 times what Singapore buys from Malaysia.
• Malaysia sells 34.1% of what the world exports of palm oil; next come Indonesia (48.7%), Netherlands (2%) and Thailand (1.9%). The rest of the world exported 205.2 times what Singapore buys from Malaysia.
• Malaysia sells 2.8% of what the world exports of copper wire; next come Germany (12.4%), United Arab Emirates (8.3%) and Belgium (7.2%). The rest of the world exported 226.7 times what Singapore buys from Malaysia.
• Malaysia sells 0.76% of what the world exports of toilet paper and tissues; next come China (17.5%), Germany (9.1%) and Poland (6.3%). The rest of the world exported 250 times what Singapore buys from Malaysia.
• Malaysia sells 6.5% of what the world exports of home appliances; next come China (56.2%), Germany (7.7%) and Vietnam (4.9%). The rest of the world exported 280.7 times what Singapore buys from Malaysia.

Exports from the rest of the world already have buyers; the figure shows scale, not availability.

Singapore is Malaysia’s 2nd-largest customer, with 12.6% of its exports.

• Trade between Singapore and Malaysia
• Who does Singapore rely on?
• Who does Malaysia rely on?
• Dependence of Singapore on China
• Dependence of Singapore on the United States
• Dependence of Singapore on South Korea
• Dependence of Singapore on Switzerland
• Dependence of Singapore on Saudi Arabia
• Dependence of Singapore on France
• Dependence of Singapore on Indonesia
• Dependence of Singapore on Thailand
• Dependence of Singapore on India
• Dependence of Singapore on Brazil
• Dependence of Singapore on Vietnam
• Trade profile of Singapore
• Trade profile of Malaysia
• All countries

Sources and licenses

• CEPII BACI · Licence Ouverte Etalab 2.0
• Natural Earth · Public domain

Methodology

The data come from CEPII BACI (Etalab 2.0 licence), which reconciles what the exporting and the importing country report, in current USD, FOB. Data up to 2024.

Dependence is the share of a country’s imports (or exports) that each partner accounts for. It does not measure whether a product has a substitute or how much it would cost to change supplier.

The concentration index (HHI) adds up the square of each partner’s share, in percent: it runs from 0 to 10,000. Its equivalent is 10,000 ÷ HHI, the number of partners of the same size that would give that value.

Products are HS4 headings of the 1992 nomenclature (some combine different goods), with a floor of $1 million per product and country.

The EU is the 27 current members in every year; the United Kingdom is outside the EU throughout the series.

Re-exports: countries that act as redistribution hubs carry their notice and the figures are not corrected.