How dependent is Panama on the United States?

and 37 more

A product has a dominant supplier when a single country sells more than 50% of what is bought of it; we flag it separately above 75%.

• The United States sells 23.9% of what the world exports of corn; next come Brazil (19.5%), Argentina (16.3%) and Ukraine (13.1%). The rest of the world exported 271.9 times what Panama buys from the United States.
• The United States sells 18.3% of what the world exports of soybean meal and pellets; next come Brazil (28.7%), Argentina (26.7%) and Netherlands (3%). The rest of the world exported 279.8 times what Panama buys from the United States.
• The United States sells 5.6% of what the world exports of cheese; next come Germany (14.9%), Italy (12.8%) and Netherlands (12.4%). The rest of the world exported 636.5 times what Panama buys from the United States.
• The United States sells 6.5% of what the world exports of rice; next come India (29.3%), Thailand (17.2%) and Vietnam (10.5%). The rest of the world exported 684.2 times what Panama buys from the United States.
• The United States sells 18% of what the world exports of natural gas and LPG; next come Norway (11%), Australia (10%) and Qatar (9.1%). The rest of the world exported 7,606.9 times what Panama buys from the United States.
• The United States sells 11.5% of what the world exports of wheat; next come Russia (16.1%), Canada (13.7%) and Australia (9.6%). The rest of the world exported 1,113.7 times what Panama buys from the United States.
• The United States sells 1.8% of what the world exports of beer; next come Mexico (37.5%), Netherlands (10.4%) and Belgium (9.8%). The rest of the world exported 525 times what Panama buys from the United States.
• The United States sells 12% of what the world exports of sauces and condiments; next come Italy (10%), Netherlands (7.1%) and China (6.9%). The rest of the world exported 535.7 times what Panama buys from the United States.
• The United States sells 7.6% of what the world exports of prepared meat; next come Thailand (14.7%), China (8.7%) and Germany (8.6%). The rest of the world exported 598.8 times what Panama buys from the United States.
• The United States sells 5.1% of what the world exports of antibiotics; next come China (45.7%), India (9%) and Italy (8.1%). The rest of the world exported 349.6 times what Panama buys from the United States.

Exports from the rest of the world already have buyers; the figure shows scale, not availability.

Panama is the United States’ 50th-largest customer, with 0.25% of its exports.

• Trade between Panama and the United States
• Who does Panama rely on?
• Who does the United States rely on?
• Dependence of Panama on Japan
• Dependence of Panama on China
• Dependence of Panama on Spain
• Trade profile of Panama
• Trade profile of the United States
• All countries

Sources and licenses

• CEPII BACI · Licence Ouverte Etalab 2.0
• Natural Earth · Public domain

Methodology

The data come from CEPII BACI (Etalab 2.0 licence), which reconciles what the exporting and the importing country report, in current USD, FOB. Data up to 2024.

Dependence is the share of a country’s imports (or exports) that each partner accounts for. It does not measure whether a product has a substitute or how much it would cost to change supplier.

The concentration index (HHI) adds up the square of each partner’s share, in percent: it runs from 0 to 10,000. Its equivalent is 10,000 ÷ HHI, the number of partners of the same size that would give that value.

Products are HS4 headings of the 1992 nomenclature (some combine different goods), with a floor of $1 million per product and country.

The EU is the 27 current members in every year; the United Kingdom is outside the EU throughout the series.

Re-exports: countries that act as redistribution hubs carry their notice and the figures are not corrected.