How dependent is Finland on the Netherlands?

A product has a dominant supplier when a single country sells more than 50% of what is bought of it; we flag it separately above 75%.

• The Netherlands sells 10.1% of what the world exports of chemically modified fats and oils; next come China (25.6%), Malaysia (11.6%) and Belgium (5.3%). The rest of the world exported 38.7 times what Finland buys from the Netherlands.
• The Netherlands sells 10.6% of what the world exports of molybdenum ore; next come Chile (23.7%), Peru (20%) and United States (15.4%). The rest of the world exported 74.3 times what Finland buys from the Netherlands.
• The Netherlands sells 40.9% of what the world exports of live plants and cuttings; next come Germany (8.1%), Italy (7.8%) and Canada (5.5%). The rest of the world exported 99 times what Finland buys from the Netherlands.
• The Netherlands sells 28.6% of what the world exports of cocoa butter; next come Indonesia (10.6%), Germany (10.2%) and Malaysia (9.1%). The rest of the world exported 172.2 times what Finland buys from the Netherlands.
• The Netherlands sells 2.9% of what the world exports of asphalt mixtures; next come Brazil (33.3%), United States (9%) and Indonesia (8.6%). The rest of the world exported 53.2 times what Finland buys from the Netherlands.
• The Netherlands sells 40.4% of what the world exports of cut flowers; next come Colombia (22.8%), Kenya (8.7%) and Ecuador (8.6%). The rest of the world exported 129.9 times what Finland buys from the Netherlands.
• The Netherlands sells 76.9% of what the world exports of bulbs, tubers and rhizomes; next come Germany (3.9%), Poland (2.1%) and Chile (2%). The rest of the world exported 21 times what Finland buys from the Netherlands.
• The Netherlands sells 19.1% of what the world exports of cocoa paste; next come Côte d'Ivoire (26.5%), Germany (8.9%) and Ghana (8.7%). The rest of the world exported 311.9 times what Finland buys from the Netherlands.
• The Netherlands sells 22.6% of what the world exports of wood tar, wood creosote and vegetable pitch; next come United States (31.6%), Sweden (8.5%) and France (6.1%). The rest of the world exported 8 times what Finland buys from the Netherlands.
• The Netherlands sells 10.7% of what the world exports of onions and garlic; next come China (39.5%), Spain (7.9%) and Mexico (5.1%). The rest of the world exported 717.8 times what Finland buys from the Netherlands.

Exports from the rest of the world already have buyers; the figure shows scale, not availability.

Finland is the Netherlands’ 25th-largest customer, with 0.77% of its exports.

• Trade between Finland and the Netherlands
• Who does Finland rely on?
• Who does the Netherlands rely on?
• Dependence of Finland on Norway
• Dependence of Finland on China
• Dependence of Finland on Sweden
• Dependence of Finland on Germany
• Dependence of Finland on Russia
• Trade profile of Finland
• Trade profile of the Netherlands
• All countries

Sources and licenses

• CEPII BACI · Licence Ouverte Etalab 2.0
• Natural Earth · Public domain

Methodology

The data come from CEPII BACI (Etalab 2.0 licence), which reconciles what the exporting and the importing country report, in current USD, FOB. Data up to 2024.

Dependence is the share of a country’s imports (or exports) that each partner accounts for. It does not measure whether a product has a substitute or how much it would cost to change supplier.

The concentration index (HHI) adds up the square of each partner’s share, in percent: it runs from 0 to 10,000. Its equivalent is 10,000 ÷ HHI, the number of partners of the same size that would give that value.

Products are HS4 headings of the 1992 nomenclature (some combine different goods), with a floor of $1 million per product and country.

The EU is the 27 current members in every year; the United Kingdom is outside the EU throughout the series.

Re-exports: countries that act as redistribution hubs carry their notice and the figures are not corrected.