How dependent is Denmark on the Netherlands?

A product has a dominant supplier when a single country sells more than 50% of what is bought of it; we flag it separately above 75%.

• The Netherlands sells 5.7% of what the world exports of chassis with engines; next come Sweden (14.9%), China (11.2%) and India (9.5%). The rest of the world exported 27.2 times what Denmark buys from the Netherlands.
• The Netherlands sells 40.9% of what the world exports of live plants and cuttings; next come Germany (8.1%), Italy (7.8%) and Canada (5.5%). The rest of the world exported 46.6 times what Denmark buys from the Netherlands.
• The Netherlands sells 40.4% of what the world exports of cut flowers; next come Colombia (22.8%), Kenya (8.7%) and Ecuador (8.6%). The rest of the world exported 52.6 times what Denmark buys from the Netherlands.
• The Netherlands sells 4.1% of what the world exports of avocados, mangoes, pineapples and dates; next come Mexico (23.9%), Peru (10%) and Costa Rica (9.3%). The rest of the world exported 260.5 times what Denmark buys from the Netherlands.
• The Netherlands sells 3.4% of what the world exports of other fresh fruit (berries, kiwi); next come Thailand (15.4%), Vietnam (12%) and New Zealand (8.9%). The rest of the world exported 558.9 times what Denmark buys from the Netherlands.
• The Netherlands sells 6.1% of what the world exports of printing and writing inks; next come Japan (11.8%), Germany (11.5%) and India (9.6%). The rest of the world exported 299 times what Denmark buys from the Netherlands.
• The Netherlands sells 9% of what the world exports of quaternary ammonium salts and lecithins; next come China (24.8%), United States (11.5%) and Germany (9.3%). The rest of the world exported 79.2 times what Denmark buys from the Netherlands.
• The Netherlands sells 3.9% of what the world exports of lithium hydroxide and other metal oxides; next come China (42.5%), United States (8%) and Chile (7.7%). The rest of the world exported 275.7 times what Denmark buys from the Netherlands.
• The Netherlands sells 3.7% of what the world exports of sound players and recorders; next come China (58.3%), Vietnam (12.8%) and Malaysia (4.1%). The rest of the world exported 159 times what Denmark buys from the Netherlands.
• The Netherlands sells 76.9% of what the world exports of bulbs, tubers and rhizomes; next come Germany (3.9%), Poland (2.1%) and Chile (2%). The rest of the world exported 18.4 times what Denmark buys from the Netherlands.

Exports from the rest of the world already have buyers; the figure shows scale, not availability.

Denmark is the Netherlands’ 11th-largest customer, with 2% of its exports.

• Trade between Denmark and the Netherlands
• Who does Denmark rely on?
• Who does the Netherlands rely on?
• Dependence of Denmark on the United States
• Dependence of Denmark on Norway
• Dependence of Denmark on South Korea
• Dependence of Denmark on Germany
• Trade profile of Denmark
• Trade profile of the Netherlands
• All countries

Sources and licenses

• CEPII BACI · Licence Ouverte Etalab 2.0
• Natural Earth · Public domain

Methodology

The data come from CEPII BACI (Etalab 2.0 licence), which reconciles what the exporting and the importing country report, in current USD, FOB. Data up to 2024.

Dependence is the share of a country’s imports (or exports) that each partner accounts for. It does not measure whether a product has a substitute or how much it would cost to change supplier.

The concentration index (HHI) adds up the square of each partner’s share, in percent: it runs from 0 to 10,000. Its equivalent is 10,000 ÷ HHI, the number of partners of the same size that would give that value.

Products are HS4 headings of the 1992 nomenclature (some combine different goods), with a floor of $1 million per product and country.

The EU is the 27 current members in every year; the United Kingdom is outside the EU throughout the series.

Re-exports: countries that act as redistribution hubs carry their notice and the figures are not corrected.