How dependent is China on Indonesia?

A product has a dominant supplier when a single country sells more than 50% of what is bought of it; we flag it separately above 75%.

• Indonesia sells 30.3% of what the world exports of ferroalloys; next come South Africa (11.5%), Brazil (9.1%) and India (6.4%). The rest of the world exported 2.3 times what China buys from Indonesia.
• Indonesia sells 86.5% of what the world exports of lignite; next come Philippines (4.5%), Russia (3.9%) and Mongolia (1.1%). The rest of the world exported 0.2 times what China buys from Indonesia.
• Indonesia sells 54.8% of what the world exports of nickel matte; next come Canada (10.1%), Zimbabwe (7%) and Russia (6%). The rest of the world exported 1 times what China buys from Indonesia.
• Indonesia sells 44.2% of what the world exports of industrial fatty acids; next come Malaysia (18.8%), Netherlands (7.5%) and Germany (4.9%). The rest of the world exported 3.7 times what China buys from Indonesia.
• Indonesia sells 48.7% of what the world exports of palm oil; next come Malaysia (34.1%), Netherlands (2%) and Thailand (1.9%). The rest of the world exported 10.6 times what China buys from Indonesia.
• Indonesia sells 18.5% of what the world exports of stainless steel sheet; next come Belgium (9.5%), Finland (8.1%) and Italy (6.1%). The rest of the world exported 12.1 times what China buys from Indonesia.
• Indonesia sells 21.4% of what the world exports of margarine; next come Belgium (9%), Netherlands (7.9%) and Malaysia (6.8%). The rest of the world exported 6.1 times what China buys from Indonesia.
• Indonesia sells 32% of what the world exports of hydrogenated fats and oils; next come Malaysia (17.6%), Netherlands (6.9%) and Germany (4.9%). The rest of the world exported 3.7 times what China buys from Indonesia.
• Indonesia sells 57.6% of what the world exports of stainless steel ingots and semi-finished products; next come United Kingdom (10.7%), Sweden (5.1%) and Italy (4.9%). The rest of the world exported 2.2 times what China buys from Indonesia.
• Indonesia sells 33.9% of what the world exports of coconut and palm kernel oil; next come Philippines (26.6%), Malaysia (15.4%) and Netherlands (5.9%). The rest of the world exported 8.7 times what China buys from Indonesia.

Exports from the rest of the world already have buyers; the figure shows scale, not availability.

China is Indonesia’s 1st-largest customer, with 22.5% of its exports.

• Trade between China and Indonesia
• Who does China rely on?
• Who does Indonesia rely on?
• Dependence of China on Australia
• Dependence of China on Brazil
• Dependence of China on Vietnam
• Dependence of China on the United States
• Dependence of China on Guinea
• Dependence of China on Japan
• Dependence of China on South Africa
• Dependence of China on Chile
• Dependence of China on New Zealand
• Dependence of China on Thailand
• Dependence of China on South Korea
• Dependence of China on Canada
• Dependence of China on the Democratic Republic of the Congo
• Dependence of China on Russia
• Dependence of China on Switzerland
• Dependence of China on India
• Dependence of China on Germany
• Dependence of China on Kazakhstan
• Dependence of China on the Philippines
• Dependence of China on France
• Dependence of China on Denmark
• Dependence of China on Namibia
• Dependence of China on Myanmar
• Dependence of China on Malaysia
• Trade profile of China
• Trade profile of Indonesia
• All countries

Sources and licenses

• CEPII BACI · Licence Ouverte Etalab 2.0
• Natural Earth · Public domain

Methodology

The data come from CEPII BACI (Etalab 2.0 licence), which reconciles what the exporting and the importing country report, in current USD, FOB. Data up to 2024.

Dependence is the share of a country’s imports (or exports) that each partner accounts for. It does not measure whether a product has a substitute or how much it would cost to change supplier.

The concentration index (HHI) adds up the square of each partner’s share, in percent: it runs from 0 to 10,000. Its equivalent is 10,000 ÷ HHI, the number of partners of the same size that would give that value.

Products are HS4 headings of the 1992 nomenclature (some combine different goods), with a floor of $1 million per product and country.

The EU is the 27 current members in every year; the United Kingdom is outside the EU throughout the series.

Re-exports: countries that act as redistribution hubs carry their notice and the figures are not corrected.