How dependent is China on France?

A product has a dominant supplier when a single country sells more than 50% of what is bought of it; we flag it separately above 75%.

• France sells 57.6% of what the world exports of raw flax; next come Belgium (20.5%), Egypt (7.7%) and Italy (3.1%). The rest of the world exported 1.3 times what China buys from France.
• France sells 39.6% of what the world exports of perfumes; next come Spain (14.9%), Italy (10%) and United States (5.1%). The rest of the world exported 43.7 times what China buys from France.
• France sells 12.4% of what the world exports of imides and imines (saccharin); next come India (8.2%), Germany (7.8%) and Japan (4.8%). The rest of the world exported 6 times what China buys from France.
• France sells 3.8% of what the world exports of fireworks and flares; next come Germany (5.4%), United States (5%) and Netherlands (3%). The rest of the world exported 40.3 times what China buys from France.
• France sells 5.3% of what the world exports of waterproof rubber or plastic footwear; next come Italy (6.4%), Netherlands (4.5%) and Portugal (3.6%). The rest of the world exported 80.6 times what China buys from France.
• France sells 29% of what the world exports of true hemp, raw or processed; tow and waste; next come Portugal (10.3%), Netherlands (9.5%) and Italy (9.1%). The rest of the world exported 9.2 times what China buys from France.
• France sells 13.5% of what the world exports of ties, bow ties and cravats (not knitted); next come Italy (28.5%), Germany (2.8%) and United Kingdom (2%). The rest of the world exported 29.5 times what China buys from France.
• France sells 8.1% of what the world exports of handkerchiefs (not knitted); next come Italy (8.7%), India (5.2%) and United States (3.1%). The rest of the world exported 38.3 times what China buys from France.
• France sells 11.5% of what the world exports of wheat gluten; next come Belgium (18%), Australia (13.3%) and Germany (10.5%). The rest of the world exported 1,160.2 times what China buys from France.

Exports from the rest of the world already have buyers; the figure shows scale, not availability.

China is France’s 7th-largest customer, with 4.7% of its exports.

• Trade between China and France
• Who does China rely on?
• Who does France rely on?
• Dependence of China on Australia
• Dependence of China on Brazil
• Dependence of China on Indonesia
• Dependence of China on Vietnam
• Dependence of China on the United States
• Dependence of China on Guinea
• Dependence of China on Japan
• Dependence of China on South Africa
• Dependence of China on Chile
• Dependence of China on New Zealand
• Dependence of China on Thailand
• Dependence of China on South Korea
• Dependence of China on Canada
• Dependence of China on the Democratic Republic of the Congo
• Dependence of China on Russia
• Dependence of China on Switzerland
• Dependence of China on India
• Dependence of China on Germany
• Dependence of China on Kazakhstan
• Dependence of China on the Philippines
• Dependence of China on Denmark
• Dependence of China on Namibia
• Dependence of China on Myanmar
• Dependence of China on Malaysia
• Trade profile of China
• Trade profile of France
• All countries

Sources and licenses

• CEPII BACI · Licence Ouverte Etalab 2.0
• Natural Earth · Public domain

Methodology

The data come from CEPII BACI (Etalab 2.0 licence), which reconciles what the exporting and the importing country report, in current USD, FOB. Data up to 2024.

Dependence is the share of a country’s imports (or exports) that each partner accounts for. It does not measure whether a product has a substitute or how much it would cost to change supplier.

The concentration index (HHI) adds up the square of each partner’s share, in percent: it runs from 0 to 10,000. Its equivalent is 10,000 ÷ HHI, the number of partners of the same size that would give that value.

Products are HS4 headings of the 1992 nomenclature (some combine different goods), with a floor of $1 million per product and country.

The EU is the 27 current members in every year; the United Kingdom is outside the EU throughout the series.

Re-exports: countries that act as redistribution hubs carry their notice and the figures are not corrected.