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Clays: top exporters and importers (2024)

In 2024, world trade in clays totaled $2.5 billion (14.5 million tonnes). The top exporters were the United States (17%), China (12%) and Turkey (8%); the top importers were Italy (9%), Germany (8%) and the Netherlands (6%). Compared with 2019, the value rose 10%.

Summary

World trade
$2.5billion
Tonnes
14.5million tonnes
Price per tonne
$175
The largest flows between countries. Width: value; color: estimated transport mode.SeaAirLand

Top exporters

  1. United States$441 million · 17.4%
  2. China$306 million · 12.1%
  3. Turkey$214 million · 8.5%
  4. India$179 million · 7.1%
  5. Spain$154 million · 6.1%
  6. Germany$141 million · 5.6%
  7. Ukraine$126 million · 5%
  8. Netherlands$120 million · 4.7%
    re-exports
  9. France$107 million · 4.2%
  10. Greece$58 million · 2.3%
  11. South Africa$57 million · 2.2%
  12. Czechia$51 million · 2%
  13. Japan$50 million · 2%
  14. United Kingdom$44 million · 1.7%
  15. Italy$40 million · 1.6%
  16. Slovakia$30 million · 1.2%
  17. Malaysia$26 million · 1%
  18. Belgium$24 million · 0.95%
    re-exports
  19. Canada$24 million · 0.95%
  20. Poland$24 million · 0.93%

Top importers

  1. Italy$236 million · 9.3%
  2. Germany$191 million · 7.6%
  3. Netherlands$163 million · 6.4%
    re-exports
  4. Poland$116 million · 4.6%
  5. Canada$112 million · 4.4%
  6. Spain$106 million · 4.2%
  7. France$98 million · 3.9%
  8. Japan$89 million · 3.5%
  9. China$84 million · 3.3%
  10. United Kingdom$75 million · 3%
  11. Mexico$60 million · 2.4%
  12. Belgium$60 million · 2.4%
    re-exports
  13. Indonesia$59 million · 2.3%
  14. South Korea$58 million · 2.3%
  15. India$56 million · 2.2%
  16. Saudi Arabia$41 million · 1.6%
  17. Colombia$40 million · 1.6%
  18. Malaysia$40 million · 1.6%
  19. United States$39 million · 1.6%
  20. Austria$37 million · 1.4%

Trend

Who sells it

The United States was the top exporter throughout the period

Value in USD millions. The five largest exporters in 2024.

  • United States 441
  • China 306
  • Turkey 214
  • India 179
  • Spain 154

Source: CEPII BACI

Show the numbers
Country19952024
United States240441
China83.2306
Turkey9214
India11.4179
Spain22.5154

Price

Implied price

The price per tonne rose 81% since 1995

Current US dollars per tonne: value over the weight reported by BACI.

  • 2024: $175

Source: CEPII BACI

Show the numbers
YearUSD per tonne
1995$97
1996$90
1997$85
1998$78
1999$71
2000$73
2001$74
2002$68
2003$88
2004$87
2005$92
2006$91
2007$107
2008$117
2009$132
2010$135
2011$129
2012$128
2013$135
2014$137
2015$120
2016$111
2017$118
2018$124
2019$124
2020$133
2021$137
2022$168
2023$177
2024$175

What it includes

  • 2508 · Clays

Products in the same chapter

Sources and methodology

Sources and licenses

Methodology

Goods trade from CEPII BACI (BACI_HS92_V202601), which reconciles what exporters and importers report: countries that stopped reporting (Russia since 2022) appear with their partners’ data. FOB values in current US dollars; tonnes when BACI reports them. The price per tonne is the value of the rows with a weight divided by that weight. The transport mode is our own estimate based on value per kilo and geography. Data up to 2024.

Hong Kong, Singapore, the Netherlands and Belgium re-export goods from other countries: their figures include transit.

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