How dependent is the United States on Canada?

and 71 more

A product has a dominant supplier when a single country sells more than 50% of what is bought of it; we flag it separately above 75%.

• Canada sells 8.3% of what the world exports of crude petroleum; next come Saudi Arabia (14.3%), Russia (9.5%) and United Arab Emirates (8.7%). The rest of the world exported 10.5 times what the United States buys from Canada.
• Canada sells 2.2% of what the world exports of natural gas and LPG; next come Norway (11%), Australia (10%) and Qatar (9.1%). The rest of the world exported 44.1 times what the United States buys from Canada.
• Canada sells 10.9% of what the world exports of unwrought aluminum; next come United Arab Emirates (9.5%), Russia (9.4%) and India (6%). The rest of the world exported 8.7 times what the United States buys from Canada.
• Canada sells 18% of what the world exports of sawn wood; next come Russia (9.7%), Sweden (9.4%) and Germany (7%). The rest of the world exported 4.9 times what the United States buys from Canada.
• Canada sells 36.8% of what the world exports of rapeseed and mustard oil; next come Germany (10.9%), Russia (9.8%) and France (5.7%). The rest of the world exported 1.8 times what the United States buys from Canada.
• Canada sells 5.4% of what the world exports of polyethylene; next come Saudi Arabia (12.9%), South Korea (6.7%) and Belgium (4.8%). The rest of the world exported 18.5 times what the United States buys from Canada.
• Canada sells 37.7% of what the world exports of potash fertilizers; next come Russia (22.7%), Germany (6.9%) and Belarus (5.1%). The rest of the world exported 4.1 times what the United States buys from Canada.
• Canada sells 6.5% of what the world exports of chocolate; next come Germany (16.2%), Belgium (11.9%) and Poland (7.5%). The rest of the world exported 14.2 times what the United States buys from Canada.
• Canada sells 22.2% of what the world exports of particle board and OSB; next come Germany (7.5%), Austria (6.8%) and Romania (4.4%). The rest of the world exported 3.5 times what the United States buys from Canada.
• Canada sells 3.6% of what the world exports of electricity; next come France (14%), Germany (6.8%) and Switzerland (6.1%). The rest of the world exported 26.5 times what the United States buys from Canada.

Exports from the rest of the world already have buyers; the figure shows scale, not availability.

The United States is Canada’s 1st-largest customer, with 73.2% of its exports.

• Trade between the United States and Canada
• Who does the United States rely on?
• Who does Canada rely on?
• Dependence of the United States on China
• Dependence of the United States on Mexico
• Dependence of the United States on Ireland
• Dependence of the United States on Chile
• Dependence of the United States on Switzerland
• Dependence of the United States on Brazil
• Dependence of the United States on South Africa
• Dependence of the United States on Indonesia
• Dependence of the United States on Australia
• Dependence of the United States on Vietnam
• Dependence of the United States on Colombia
• Dependence of the United States on India
• Dependence of the United States on Peru
• Dependence of the United States on the Dominican Republic
• Dependence of the United States on Thailand
• Dependence of the United States on Japan
• Trade profile of the United States
• Trade profile of Canada
• All countries

Sources and licenses

• CEPII BACI · Licence Ouverte Etalab 2.0
• Natural Earth · Public domain

Methodology

The data come from CEPII BACI (Etalab 2.0 licence), which reconciles what the exporting and the importing country report, in current USD, FOB. Data up to 2024.

Dependence is the share of a country’s imports (or exports) that each partner accounts for. It does not measure whether a product has a substitute or how much it would cost to change supplier.

The concentration index (HHI) adds up the square of each partner’s share, in percent: it runs from 0 to 10,000. Its equivalent is 10,000 ÷ HHI, the number of partners of the same size that would give that value.

Products are HS4 headings of the 1992 nomenclature (some combine different goods), with a floor of $1 million per product and country.

The EU is the 27 current members in every year; the United Kingdom is outside the EU throughout the series.

Re-exports: countries that act as redistribution hubs carry their notice and the figures are not corrected.