How dependent is the United States on Brazil?

A product has a dominant supplier when a single country sells more than 50% of what is bought of it; we flag it separately above 75%.

• Brazil sells 11.9% of what the world exports of semi-finished steel; next come Russia (19.8%), China (10.7%) and Indonesia (7.8%). The rest of the world exported 11 times what the United States buys from Brazil.
• Brazil sells 36.5% of what the world exports of pig iron; next come Russia (19.2%), Ukraine (10.5%) and Indonesia (8.8%). The rest of the world exported 2.1 times what the United States buys from Brazil.
• Brazil sells 20.8% of what the world exports of iron ore; next come Australia (54.2%), Canada (4.4%) and South Africa (4.1%). The rest of the world exported 308.1 times what the United States buys from Brazil.
• Brazil sells 12.5% of what the world exports of ethyl alcohol (ethanol); next come Netherlands (11.5%), Belgium (6.2%) and Hungary (4%). The rest of the world exported 36.9 times what the United States buys from Brazil.
• Brazil sells 12.6% of what the world exports of dissolving wood pulp; next come Indonesia (20.7%), South Africa (13.7%) and Sweden (6.4%). The rest of the world exported 34.3 times what the United States buys from Brazil.
• Brazil sells 8.2% of what the world exports of kaolin; next come United Kingdom (13.2%), China (11.2%) and India (5.7%). The rest of the world exported 57.8 times what the United States buys from Brazil.
• Brazil sells 5% of what the world exports of yarn of other vegetable fibers; paper yarn; next come China (31.6%), Italy (11.7%) and Spain (7.3%). The rest of the world exported 31.8 times what the United States buys from Brazil.
• Brazil sells 1.4% of what the world exports of sorghum; next come Australia (20.6%), Argentina (8.8%) and France (1.6%). The rest of the world exported 835.1 times what the United States buys from Brazil.

Exports from the rest of the world already have buyers; the figure shows scale, not availability.

The United States is Brazil’s 2nd-largest customer, with 11.6% of its exports.

• Trade between the United States and Brazil
• Who does the United States rely on?
• Who does Brazil rely on?
• Dependence of the United States on Canada
• Dependence of the United States on China
• Dependence of the United States on Mexico
• Dependence of the United States on Ireland
• Dependence of the United States on Chile
• Dependence of the United States on Switzerland
• Dependence of the United States on South Africa
• Dependence of the United States on Indonesia
• Dependence of the United States on Australia
• Dependence of the United States on Vietnam
• Dependence of the United States on Colombia
• Dependence of the United States on India
• Dependence of the United States on Peru
• Dependence of the United States on the Dominican Republic
• Dependence of the United States on Thailand
• Dependence of the United States on Japan
• Trade profile of the United States
• Trade profile of Brazil
• All countries

Sources and licenses

• CEPII BACI · Licence Ouverte Etalab 2.0
• Natural Earth · Public domain

Methodology

The data come from CEPII BACI (Etalab 2.0 licence), which reconciles what the exporting and the importing country report, in current USD, FOB. Data up to 2024.

Dependence is the share of a country’s imports (or exports) that each partner accounts for. It does not measure whether a product has a substitute or how much it would cost to change supplier.

The concentration index (HHI) adds up the square of each partner’s share, in percent: it runs from 0 to 10,000. Its equivalent is 10,000 ÷ HHI, the number of partners of the same size that would give that value.

Products are HS4 headings of the 1992 nomenclature (some combine different goods), with a floor of $1 million per product and country.

The EU is the 27 current members in every year; the United Kingdom is outside the EU throughout the series.

Re-exports: countries that act as redistribution hubs carry their notice and the figures are not corrected.