How dependent is Germany on Poland?

A product has a dominant supplier when a single country sells more than 50% of what is bought of it; we flag it separately above 75%.

• Poland sells 21.3% of what the world exports of cigarettes and cigars; next come Indonesia (6.8%), Czechia (5.7%) and Dominican Republic (4.6%). The rest of the world exported 8 times what Germany buys from Poland.
• Poland sells 17.3% of what the world exports of coke; next come China (21.9%), Indonesia (14.8%) and Colombia (12.5%). The rest of the world exported 17 times what Germany buys from Poland.
• Poland sells 13.8% of what the world exports of dried, salted and smoked fish; next come Norway (16%), Netherlands (6.7%) and Denmark (5.4%). The rest of the world exported 11.7 times what Germany buys from Poland.
• Poland sells 17.7% of what the world exports of candles; next come China (23.6%), Vietnam (17.3%) and United States (4.8%). The rest of the world exported 14.3 times what Germany buys from Poland.
• Poland sells 36.2% of what the world exports of rye; next come Canada (12.4%), Latvia (5.1%) and Russia (4.8%). The rest of the world exported 1.8 times what Germany buys from Poland.
• Poland sells 16.6% of what the world exports of coal tar; next come Indonesia (15.2%), United States (9.5%) and Turkey (9.3%). The rest of the world exported 18.4 times what Germany buys from Poland.
• Poland sells 2% of what the world exports of artificial filament yarn (viscose); next come China (39.4%), United States (17.2%) and Japan (9.9%). The rest of the world exported 80.8 times what Germany buys from Poland.
• Poland sells 4.8% of what the world exports of roofing tiles and other ceramic building parts; next come China (11.9%), France (10.5%) and Serbia (8.5%). The rest of the world exported 42.6 times what Germany buys from Poland.
• Poland sells 5.3% of what the world exports of textile wicks and incandescent gas mantles; next come United States (16.4%), China (16%) and India (6.1%). The rest of the world exported 16.4 times what Germany buys from Poland.
• Poland sells 6.1% of what the world exports of clock cases and similar cases, and parts thereof; next come China (31.6%), Thailand (16.4%) and Italy (7.5%). The rest of the world exported 14.9 times what Germany buys from Poland.

Exports from the rest of the world already have buyers; the figure shows scale, not availability.

Germany is Poland’s 1st-largest customer, with 24.5% of its exports.

• Trade between Germany and Poland
• Who does Germany rely on?
• Who does Poland rely on?
• Dependence of Germany on China
• Dependence of Germany on Norway
• Dependence of Germany on the Netherlands
• Dependence of Germany on the United States
• Dependence of Germany on Ireland
• Dependence of Germany on Switzerland
• Dependence of Germany on Spain
• Dependence of Germany on Italy
• Dependence of Germany on Bulgaria
• Dependence of Germany on Denmark
• Trade profile of Germany
• Trade profile of Poland
• All countries

Sources and licenses

• CEPII BACI · Licence Ouverte Etalab 2.0
• Natural Earth · Public domain

Methodology

The data come from CEPII BACI (Etalab 2.0 licence), which reconciles what the exporting and the importing country report, in current USD, FOB. Data up to 2024.

Dependence is the share of a country’s imports (or exports) that each partner accounts for. It does not measure whether a product has a substitute or how much it would cost to change supplier.

The concentration index (HHI) adds up the square of each partner’s share, in percent: it runs from 0 to 10,000. Its equivalent is 10,000 ÷ HHI, the number of partners of the same size that would give that value.

Products are HS4 headings of the 1992 nomenclature (some combine different goods), with a floor of $1 million per product and country.

The EU is the 27 current members in every year; the United Kingdom is outside the EU throughout the series.

Re-exports: countries that act as redistribution hubs carry their notice and the figures are not corrected.