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How dependent is France on the United Kingdom?

In 2024, the United Kingdom sold $28.6 billion to France, 3.8% of its imports, ranking 8th among its suppliers. Its share was 4% in 2019 and 8% in 1995. In 10 products it sells more than 50% of what France buys of them (in 2, more than 75%); what France buys from the United Kingdom in those products (dominated value) adds up to $903 million, 0.12% of its imports.

Summary

Share of its imports
3.8%
Share of its imports from outside the EU
8.3%
Value imported
$28.6billion
Rank among its suppliers
8th
Products where it sells over 50%
10
Products where it sells over 75%
2
Dominated value
$903million
Share of total imports
0.1%

Trend

Trend in shares

The United Kingdom went from 8% to 3.8% of what France buys

Share (%)

  • United Kingdom 3.8%

Source: CEPII BACI

Show the numbers
YearValue (USD millions)ShareRank
199522,3198%4
199623,5988.4%4
199722,9558.5%4
199824,5898.5%4
199924,4688.4%4
200024,7407.9%4
200123,1127.6%4
200223,3707.4%6
200325,3566.9%5
200429,3776.7%5
200528,5225.9%5
200633,4976.2%5
200733,9385.5%7
200833,8114.9%7
200925,4354.7%7
201026,7664.5%7
201130,9454.4%8
201229,9274.6%8
201328,1244.3%8
201426,9484.1%8
201522,8654.1%8
201622,5334%8
201724,7714.1%8
201825,3683.9%8
201925,2014%8
202021,7553.8%8
202123,5383.3%8
202228,5403.6%8
202328,3543.6%8
202428,6453.8%8

Products where the United Kingdom sells more than half

ProductSupplierShareSecondValue
Lamb and goat meatUnited Kingdom63.1%Ireland · 13.3%$654 million
Live poultryUnited Kingdom79.5%over 75%Belgium · 9.5%$101 million
Unwrought leadUnited Kingdom77.7%over 75%Belgium · 13.6%$68 million
Fuses, detonators and capsUnited Kingdom59.6%United States · 16.5%$26 million
Nickel powderUnited Kingdom59.4%Denmark · 11.4%$21 million
Nickel scrapUnited Kingdom51.5%Germany · 10.2%$12 million
Color lakes and preparations based on themUnited Kingdom60.8%United States · 18.4%$10 million
Cobalt oxidesUnited Kingdom55.1%China · 19.3%$5 million
Composition leather in slabs, sheets or stripUnited Kingdom61.7%Germany · 21.4%$3 million
Drawn and blown sheet glassUnited Kingdom54.2%Germany · 19.1%$2 million

A product has a dominant supplier when a single country sells more than 50% of what is bought of it; we flag it separately above 75%.

Are there other suppliers in the world?

  • The United Kingdom sells 8.7% of what the world exports of lamb and goat meat; next come Australia (42.2%), New Zealand (24.4%) and Ireland (4.6%). The rest of the world exported 12.3 times what France buys from the United Kingdom.
  • The United Kingdom sells 8.8% of what the world exports of live poultry; next come Germany (18.8%), United States (8.8%) and Netherlands (8.1%). The rest of the world exported 31.6 times what France buys from the United Kingdom.
  • The United Kingdom sells 5.7% of what the world exports of unwrought lead; next come India (10.5%), South Korea (9%) and Australia (8.9%). The rest of the world exported 117 times what France buys from the United Kingdom.
  • The United Kingdom sells 1.7% of what the world exports of fuses, detonators and caps; next come United States (12.9%), Czechia (10.7%) and Canada (7.7%). The rest of the world exported 77.3 times what France buys from the United Kingdom.
  • The United Kingdom sells 9.5% of what the world exports of nickel powder; next come Canada (21.9%), Australia (18.4%) and China (9.4%). The rest of the world exported 55.1 times what France buys from the United Kingdom.
  • The United Kingdom sells 14.2% of what the world exports of nickel scrap; next come United States (14.2%), Germany (9.5%) and Canada (6.3%). The rest of the world exported 84.4 times what France buys from the United Kingdom.
  • The United Kingdom sells 8.8% of what the world exports of color lakes and preparations based on them; next come Peru (25.5%), India (19.7%) and United States (12.7%). The rest of the world exported 29.4 times what France buys from the United Kingdom.
  • The United Kingdom sells 1.9% of what the world exports of cobalt oxides; next come Democratic Republic of the Congo (28.9%), Finland (18.2%) and Namibia (15.5%). The rest of the world exported 151.5 times what France buys from the United Kingdom.
  • The United Kingdom sells 14.9% of what the world exports of composition leather in slabs, sheets or strip; next come Vietnam (18.1%), South Korea (10.9%) and Italy (8.2%). The rest of the world exported 92.1 times what France buys from the United Kingdom.
  • The United Kingdom sells 0.76% of what the world exports of drawn and blown sheet glass; next come South Korea (28.5%), Hong Kong (28.2%) and China (14.6%). The rest of the world exported 1,477.7 times what France buys from the United Kingdom.

Exports from the rest of the world already have buyers; the figure shows scale, not availability.

Seen from the United Kingdom

France is the United Kingdom’s 4th-largest customer, with 7.1% of its exports.

Sources and method

Sources and licenses

Methodology

The data come from CEPII BACI (Etalab 2.0 licence), which reconciles what the exporting and the importing country report, in current USD, FOB. Data up to 2024.

Dependence is the share of a country’s imports (or exports) that each partner accounts for. It does not measure whether a product has a substitute or how much it would cost to change supplier.

The concentration index (HHI) adds up the square of each partner’s share, in percent: it runs from 0 to 10,000. Its equivalent is 10,000 ÷ HHI, the number of partners of the same size that would give that value.

Products are HS4 headings of the 1992 nomenclature (some combine different goods), with a floor of $1 million per product and country.

The EU is the 27 current members in every year; the United Kingdom is outside the EU throughout the series.

Re-exports: countries that act as redistribution hubs carry their notice and the figures are not corrected.