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How much of Bosnia and Herzegovina’s trade passes through the Strait of Gibraltar?

In 2024, an estimated $7.8 billion of Bosnia and Herzegovina’s trade passed through the Strait of Gibraltar, 43% of its seaborne trade. That is $2.4 billion of exports and $5.4 billion of imports. The partners with the most trade through it are Germany, China and Poland.

Summary

Estimated value
$7.8billion
Of its seaborne trade
43%
Exports
$2.4billion
Imports
$5.4billion

Trend

Estimated value per year

Bosnia and Herzegovina’s estimated trade through the Strait of Gibraltar rose 75% between 2019 and 2024

Value in USD billions

  • Bosnia and Herzegovina 7.8

Source: CEPII BACI

Show the numbers
YearEstimated valueOf its seaborne trade
1995$135 million26.6%
1996$391 million29.2%
1997$463 million27.5%
1998$555 million28.6%
1999$619 million28.4%
2000$632 million26.5%
2001$652 million25.3%
2002$749 million24.8%
2003$1.2 billion33.1%
2004$1.6 billion32.8%
2005$2.3 billion33.6%
2006$2.4 billion30.4%
2007$3.1 billion31.3%
2008$3.7 billion33.8%
2009$2.8 billion33%
2010$3.3 billion33.9%
2011$4.2 billion36.2%
2012$3.6 billion34.6%
2013$3.9 billion35.3%
2014$4 billion33.8%
2015$3.6 billion33.8%
2016$3.6 billion33.2%
2017$4.4 billion35%
2018$4.7 billion33.5%
2019$4.4 billion33.8%
2020$4.1 billion34.2%
2021$5.2 billion32.1%
2022$6.1 billion33.1%
2023$6.2 billion34%
2024$7.8 billion43%

Partners whose trade crosses it

Estimated value of its trade with each partner that crosses the chokepoint; the percentage is the share of all its trade through the chokepoint, not of the pair’s trade.

  1. Bosnia and Herzegovina–Germany$2.8 billion · 35.8%
  2. Bosnia and Herzegovina–China$1.2 billion · 14.9%
  3. Bosnia and Herzegovina–Poland$600 million · 7.7%
  4. Bosnia and Herzegovina–Czechia$443 million · 5.7%
  5. Bosnia and Herzegovina–Netherlands$411 million · 5.3%
  6. Bosnia and Herzegovina–United States$403 million · 5.2%
  7. Bosnia and Herzegovina–Switzerland$205 million · 2.6%
  8. Bosnia and Herzegovina–Brazil$172 million · 2.2%
  9. Bosnia and Herzegovina–Belgium$162 million · 2.1%
  10. Bosnia and Herzegovina–Sweden$139 million · 1.8%

What crosses it

The products with the highest estimated value in 2024, with their share of the total through the chokepoint.

  1. Cars$505 million · 6.5%
  2. Coal$201 million · 2.6%
  3. Auto parts$197 million · 2.5%
  4. Furniture$181 million · 2.3%
  5. Seats and chairs$161 million · 2.1%
  6. Fresh beef$117 million · 1.5%
  7. Unwrought aluminum$116 million · 1.5%
  8. Bombs, missiles and ammunition$113 million · 1.5%
  9. Centrifuges and filters$108 million · 1.4%
  10. Trucks$94 million · 1.2%

Reference ports

Neum (100%)

Each port with the weight it receives from the country’s trade, based on where its GDP is generated and which coast is closest.

Other chokepoints it uses

Sources and method

Sources and licenses

Methodology

We estimate the value crossing each chokepoint from BACI trade that travels by sea according to our mode heuristic, split between each country’s ports by where its GDP is generated and which coast is closest, and routed over our own sea network. It is an estimate, not a count of ships. It covers 99.9% of seaborne trade. The approach follows Verschuur, Lumma and Hall (Nature Communications, 2025). Data up to 2024.

All maritime chokepoints