Summary
- Exports
- $9.4billion
- Imports
- $16.4billion
- Trade balance
- -$7billion
Products
What it exports
Electricity (4%) and cables and wire (4%) together make up 8% of its exports.
What it imports
Refined petroleum (8.2%) and cars (4.7%) together make up 12.9% of its imports.
By Harmonized System chapter (96)
| Chapter | Exports | Imports |
|---|---|---|
| 85 · Electrical and electronic equipment | $896 million | $1.1 billion |
| 84 · Mechanical machinery | $792 million | $1.5 billion |
| 94 · Furniture and lighting | $635 million | $232 million |
| 73 · Iron and steel products | $609 million | $421 million |
| 27 · Oil, gas and coal | $593 million | $2 billion |
| 64 · Footwear | $522 million | $218 million |
| 44 · Wood | $497 million | $217 million |
| 76 · Aluminum | $463 million | $412 million |
| 28 · Inorganic chemicals | $441 million | $43 million |
| 39 · Plastics | $421 million | $871 million |
| 87 · Vehicles | $338 million | $1.4 billion |
| 72 · Iron and steel | $270 million | $597 million |
| 93 · Weapons and ammunition | $259 million | $21 million |
| 62 · Woven clothing | $258 million | $194 million |
| 48 · Paper and paperboard | $225 million | $292 million |
| 61 · Knitted clothing | $168 million | $305 million |
| 74 · Copper | $130 million | $397 million |
| 26 · Ores and slag | $112 million | $8 million |
| 30 · Pharmaceuticals | $109 million | $553 million |
| 25 · Salt, stone and cement | $95 million | $84 million |
| 04 · Dairy, eggs and honey | $86 million | $154 million |
| 19 · Baked goods and cereal products | $85 million | $213 million |
| 90 · Precision and medical instruments | $84 million | $245 million |
| 36 · Explosives and matches | $82 million | $60 million |
| 95 · Toys and sports gear | $81 million | $90 million |
| 15 · Fats and oils | $76 million | $112 million |
| 22 · Beverages and spirits | $72 million | $329 million |
| 68 · Stone, plaster and cement articles | $70 million | $79 million |
| 16 · Prepared meat and fish | $65 million | $96 million |
| 83 · Miscellaneous metal goods | $51 million | $129 million |
| 08 · Fruit and nuts | $48 million | $156 million |
| 70 · Glass | $47 million | $116 million |
| 79 · Zinc | $37 million | $33 million |
| 38 · Miscellaneous chemicals | $36 million | $116 million |
| 49 · Books and printed matter | $34 million | $30 million |
| 21 · Food preparations | $32 million | $276 million |
| 71 · Gems and precious metals | $30 million | $40 million |
| 42 · Leather goods and bags | $27 million | $51 million |
| 33 · Perfumes and cosmetics | $26 million | $225 million |
| 02 · Meat and offal | $26 million | $326 million |
| 32 · Dyes, paints and tanning agents | $24 million | $122 million |
| 63 · Home textiles and used clothing | $23 million | $60 million |
| 07 · Vegetables | $23 million | $86 million |
| 86 · Railway equipment | $22 million | $40 million |
| 82 · Tools and cutlery | $21 million | $82 million |
| 34 · Soap and cleaning products | $20 million | $129 million |
| 66 · Umbrellas and canes | $19 million | $6 million |
| 23 · Animal feed and food waste | $18 million | $157 million |
| 55 · Synthetic staple fibers | $17 million | $49 million |
| 40 · Rubber | $17 million | $204 million |
| 41 · Hides and leather | $16 million | $97 million |
| 11 · Milling products and malt | $15 million | $34 million |
| 03 · Fish and seafood | $13 million | $31 million |
| 09 · Coffee, tea and spices | $13 million | $110 million |
| 69 · Ceramics | $13 million | $121 million |
| 12 · Oilseeds and grains | $13 million | $71 million |
| 20 · Preserved fruit and vegetables | $12 million | $91 million |
| 47 · Wood pulp | $12 million | $33 million |
| 18 · Cocoa and chocolate | $11 million | $140 million |
| 52 · Cotton | $11 million | $24 million |
| 54 · Synthetic filaments | $10 million | $63 million |
| 29 · Organic chemicals | $10 million | $68 million |
| 59 · Coated and technical textiles | $9 million | $63 million |
| 10 · Cereals | $7 million | $131 million |
| 58 · Special fabrics and lace | $6 million | $21 million |
| 17 · Sugar and sweets | $6 million | $114 million |
| 06 · Live plants and flowers | $5 million | $18 million |
| 60 · Knitted fabric | $4 million | $79 million |
| 88 · Aircraft and spacecraft | $3 million | $2 million |
| 56 · Felt, nonwovens and rope | $3 million | $55 million |
| 65 · Hats | $3 million | $6 million |
| 96 · Other manufactured goods | $3 million | $48 million |
| 01 · Live animals | $3 million | $55 million |
| 43 · Fur and fur goods | $2 million | $852 thousand |
| 46 · Wicker and basketware | $2 million | $1 million |
| 57 · Carpets and rugs | $2 million | $27 million |
| 31 · Fertilizers | $2 million | $69 million |
| 78 · Lead | $1 million | $5 million |
| 24 · Tobacco | $1 million | $107 million |
| 05 · Other animal products | $1 million | $3 million |
| 91 · Watches and clocks | $1 million | $13 million |
| 35 · Glues, starches and enzymes | $1 million | $30 million |
| 81 · Other base metals | $1 million | $6 million |
| 97 · Art and antiques | $971 thousand | $751 thousand |
| 92 · Musical instruments | $353 thousand | $3 million |
| 80 · Tin | $304 thousand | $58 million |
| 53 · Other plant fibers | $298 thousand | $1 million |
| 89 · Ships and boats | $261 thousand | $1 million |
| 51 · Wool | $162 thousand | $21 million |
| 13 · Gums and plant extracts | $49 thousand | $2 million |
| 37 · Photographic goods | $35 thousand | $4 million |
| 50 · Silk | $31 thousand | $375 thousand |
| 67 · Feathers and artificial flowers | $28 thousand | $6 million |
| 45 · Cork | $22 thousand | $752 thousand |
| 75 · Nickel | $17 thousand | $812 thousand |
| 14 · Other plant products | $6 thousand | $122 thousand |
Trading partners
Its main destination is Germany (14.3% of exports) and its main source is Italy (12.4% of imports).
Who it sells to
Overview 1995–2024
In 2024, Bosnia and Herzegovina accounted for 0.04% of world exports, compared with 0% in 1995.
Exports and imports
Exports grew 165.7-fold since 1995
USD billions (current). Bars: trade balance (green surplus, red deficit).
- Exports 9.4
- Imports 16.4
- Balance -7
Source: CEPII BACI
Show the numbers
| Year | Exports | Imports | Trade balance |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1995 | $56 million | $795 million | -$739 million |
| 1996 | $421 million | $2.1 billion | -$1.7 billion |
| 1997 | $702 million | $2.5 billion | -$1.8 billion |
| 1998 | $714 million | $2.5 billion | -$1.8 billion |
| 1999 | $826 million | $2.6 billion | -$1.8 billion |
| 2000 | $891 million | $2.6 billion | -$1.7 billion |
| 2001 | $934 million | $2.8 billion | -$1.8 billion |
| 2002 | $1.1 billion | $3.3 billion | -$2.2 billion |
| 2003 | $1.4 billion | $3.5 billion | -$2.1 billion |
| 2004 | $2.2 billion | $5.3 billion | -$3.1 billion |
| 2005 | $3 billion | $7.2 billion | -$4.2 billion |
| 2006 | $4 billion | $7.8 billion | -$3.8 billion |
| 2007 | $4.6 billion | $9.8 billion | -$5.2 billion |
| 2008 | $5.4 billion | $12.4 billion | -$7 billion |
| 2009 | $4 billion | $8.5 billion | -$4.5 billion |
| 2010 | $4.9 billion | $9.3 billion | -$4.4 billion |
| 2011 | $6 billion | $11.2 billion | -$5.2 billion |
| 2012 | $5.3 billion | $10.1 billion | -$4.8 billion |
| 2013 | $5.9 billion | $10.5 billion | -$4.5 billion |
| 2014 | $6.2 billion | $11.2 billion | -$5 billion |
| 2015 | $5.5 billion | $9.2 billion | -$3.7 billion |
| 2016 | $5.8 billion | $9.4 billion | -$3.5 billion |
| 2017 | $7 billion | $10.7 billion | -$3.7 billion |
| 2018 | $7.9 billion | $11.9 billion | -$4 billion |
| 2019 | $7.2 billion | $11.5 billion | -$4.3 billion |
| 2020 | $6.7 billion | $10.2 billion | -$3.5 billion |
| 2021 | $9.5 billion | $13.4 billion | -$3.9 billion |
| 2022 | $10.2 billion | $15.8 billion | -$5.6 billion |
| 2023 | $9.8 billion | $15.8 billion | -$6 billion |
| 2024 | $9.4 billion | $16.4 billion | -$7 billion |
World rank
Bosnia and Herzegovina rose from 178th to 108th among the world's exporters
Rank among 222 countries by export value (1st at the top).
- 178th in 1995
- 108th in 2024
Source: CEPII BACI
Show the numbers
| Year | Rank |
|---|---|
| 1995 | 178th |
| 1996 | 139th |
| 1997 | 129th |
| 1998 | 126th |
| 1999 | 124th |
| 2000 | 130th |
| 2001 | 132nd |
| 2002 | 126th |
| 2003 | 121st |
| 2004 | 118th |
| 2005 | 113th |
| 2006 | 110th |
| 2007 | 110th |
| 2008 | 109th |
| 2009 | 111th |
| 2010 | 111th |
| 2011 | 109th |
| 2012 | 117th |
| 2013 | 114th |
| 2014 | 112th |
| 2015 | 109th |
| 2016 | 106th |
| 2017 | 103rd |
| 2018 | 104th |
| 2019 | 104th |
| 2020 | 109th |
| 2021 | 103rd |
| 2022 | 106th |
| 2023 | 106th |
| 2024 | 108th |
What it sells
Electrical and electronic equipment became its top export group: from 3% to 10%
% of exports by Harmonized System chapter.
- Other 46%
- Aluminum 5%
- Wood 5%
- Footwear 6%
- Oil, gas and coal 6%
- Iron and steel products 7%
- Furniture and lighting 7%
- Mechanical machinery 8%
- Electrical and electronic equipment 10%
Source: CEPII BACI
Show the numbers
| Chapter | 1995 | 2024 |
|---|---|---|
| Electrical and electronic equipment | 3% | 9.6% |
| Mechanical machinery | 11.5% | 8.5% |
| Furniture and lighting | 4.7% | 6.8% |
| Iron and steel products | 0.75% | 6.5% |
| Oil, gas and coal | 0.6% | 6.3% |
| Footwear | 17.8% | 5.6% |
| Wood | 6.1% | 5.3% |
| Aluminum | 5% | 5% |
| Other | 50.6% | 46.5% |
Who it trades with
Croatia went from 46% to 10% of Bosnia and Herzegovina's trade
% of total trade (exports + imports) with each partner.
- Germany 12%
- Serbia 11%
- Italy 11%
- Croatia 10%
- China 6%
Source: CEPII BACI
Show the numbers
| Partner | 1995 | 2024 |
|---|---|---|
| Germany | 8.8% | 12.3% |
| Serbia | 0% | 11.1% |
| Italy | 10% | 10.6% |
| Croatia | 46% | 10.4% |
| China | 0.01% | 6.3% |
Production hubs
Largest industrial emission sources (Climate TRACE, 2025)
- Tuzla Thermal Power Plant
- ERS Gas-Fired CHP power station
- Gacko Thermal Power Plant
Largest economic production hubs (gridded GDP, 2024)
- Sarajevo
- Slavonski Brod
- Banja Luka
Sources and methodology
Sources and licenses
- CEPII BACI · Licence Ouverte Etalab 2.0
- Climate TRACE · CC BY 4.0 (emissions by asset; the 3 largest per country are shown)
- Kummu et al., gridded GDP · CC BY 4.0 (hubs aggregated by this site)
- Natural Earth · Public domain
Methodology
Goods trade from CEPII BACI (BACI_HS92_V202601), in current US dollars, with exports and imports reconciled between countries. The transport mode is our own estimate based on value per kilo and geography. Ranks are computed among the countries with data each year. Services are not included. Data up to 2024.