How dependent is Italy on China?

and 9 more

A product has a dominant supplier when a single country sells more than 50% of what is bought of it; we flag it separately above 75%.

• China sells 26.6% of what the world exports of nitrogen heterocyclic compounds; next come Switzerland (17.1%), Ireland (13.8%) and India (12.6%). The rest of the world exported 10.8 times what Italy buys from China.
• China sells 49.7% of what the world exports of eyeglass frames; next come Japan (4.5%), France (2.3%) and Germany (2.1%). The rest of the world exported 4.8 times what Italy buys from China.
• China sells 50.1% of what the world exports of printed circuit boards; next come Taiwan (9.5%), South Korea (8.6%) and Japan (7.8%). The rest of the world exported 102.9 times what Italy buys from China.
• China sells 27.7% of what the world exports of earthmoving and drilling machines; next come Germany (11.1%), United States (10.4%) and Sweden (6.2%). The rest of the world exported 41.5 times what Italy buys from China.
• China sells 48% of what the world exports of animal hair; next come Mongolia (36.6%), Peru (2.5%) and Belgium (1.6%). The rest of the world exported 1.4 times what Italy buys from China.
• China sells 83.8% of what the world exports of festive and Christmas articles; next come Cambodia (2.2%), Netherlands (1.6%) and India (1.4%). The rest of the world exported 11.4 times what Italy buys from China.
• China sells 62% of what the world exports of aluminum kitchenware and household articles; next come France (5%), India (2.5%) and Germany (2.3%). The rest of the world exported 20.2 times what Italy buys from China.
• China sells 18.8% of what the world exports of glands, heparin and organ extracts; next come United States (18.4%), Singapore (12.7%) and France (8.5%). The rest of the world exported 37.4 times what Italy buys from China.
• China sells 38.1% of what the world exports of silk fabric; next come India (14.7%), Uzbekistan (3.8%) and Japan (3.3%). The rest of the world exported 3.9 times what Italy buys from China.
• China sells 28.8% of what the world exports of other glass articles; next come Vietnam (13.5%), Japan (13%) and Germany (9.8%). The rest of the world exported 48.4 times what Italy buys from China.

Exports from the rest of the world already have buyers; the figure shows scale, not availability.

Italy is China’s 24th-largest customer, with 1.4% of its exports.

• Trade between Italy and China
• Who does Italy rely on?
• Who does China rely on?
• Dependence of Italy on the United States
• Dependence of Italy on Spain
• Dependence of Italy on France
• Dependence of Italy on Germany
• Dependence of Italy on the Netherlands
• Dependence of Italy on Switzerland
• Dependence of Italy on Brazil
• Trade profile of Italy
• Trade profile of China
• All countries

Sources and licenses

• CEPII BACI · Licence Ouverte Etalab 2.0
• Natural Earth · Public domain

Methodology

The data come from CEPII BACI (Etalab 2.0 licence), which reconciles what the exporting and the importing country report, in current USD, FOB. Data up to 2024.

Dependence is the share of a country’s imports (or exports) that each partner accounts for. It does not measure whether a product has a substitute or how much it would cost to change supplier.

The concentration index (HHI) adds up the square of each partner’s share, in percent: it runs from 0 to 10,000. Its equivalent is 10,000 ÷ HHI, the number of partners of the same size that would give that value.

Products are HS4 headings of the 1992 nomenclature (some combine different goods), with a floor of $1 million per product and country.

The EU is the 27 current members in every year; the United Kingdom is outside the EU throughout the series.

Re-exports: countries that act as redistribution hubs carry their notice and the figures are not corrected.